Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Airframe Systems
Air Supply (ATA 21) ......................................................................................................................... 3
WARNING - This document contains technical data whose export is restricted by the Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sec 2751,
et. seq.) or the Export Administration Act of 1979, as amended, Title 50, U.S.C., App. 2401 et. seq. Violations of the export laws are
subject to severe criminal penalties. Disseminate in accordance with provisions of DoD Directive 5230.25.
Revision Record
Ventilation System
The ventilation system for the 407 can be found in chapter 21 of the MM which incorporates sliding
windows in each of the crew doors which give ventilation for the flight compartment. The left and
right- side ram air systems supply more ventilation for the flight compartment with ram air from their
respective ram air grills installed on the nose of the helicopter. If fog forms on the windshield, the left
and right defog systems supply outside air through an air blower and defog nozzle.
The pilot/copilot VENT control knobs control the volume of air that enters their associated ram air and
defog systems. The optional sliding windows in the passenger entrance door allow ventilation to flow
into the passenger compartment. Heated and cooled air is generated in the aft fuselage. Ducts
attached to the passenger headliner supply the heated and cooled air to the passenger compartment.
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• A plenum assembly
• A control cable
• A flapper valve
• Drains
The VENT control knob is located below the instrument panel and connected at one end to the
control cable and the other end connected to the flapper valve. Ram air (outside air) goes into the air
intake grills. When the VENT control knob is closed, the air from the intake grills is blocked by the
flapper valve in the plenum. When the VENT control knob is pulled, the air in the associated plenum
can pass through its flapper valve and into its turn vane.
The control cable can be locked at different positions to adjust the amount of ram air entering. The
plenum and turn vane are constructed of molded polycarbonate and have drains connected to them
to allow moisture draining from the ram air system. The battery compartment drain located on the left
side is connected to the drains of the ram air system.
Defog System
The defog system is used for the ventilation and to defog the windshield during helicopter ground
operations. When you use the system for ventilation or to defog, Bell Helicopter recommends that you
pull out and lock the two VENT control knobs in the full open position.
The defog system has two axial-flow-blowers that are electrically driven. A flexible coupling connects
the blower to the inlet end of its respective defogger nozzle. The flexible coupling conducts the air
flow to the defogger nozzle. A clamp attaches each blower to the structure.
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NOTE
The heat sensing system is available as an optional kit. It is not standard equipment on the 407
helicopter.
The engine fire annunciator circuit notifies the pilot when excessive temperature or fire develops in
the engine compartment. This circuit may be installed on production helicopters S/N 53000 and
subsequent as a kit in accordance with Installation Instruction BHT-407-II-19.
System Operation
The ENGINE FIRE warning requires a 28 VDC input to come on. The dimmable ENGINE FIRE
annunciator (S/N 53000 to 54299) illuminates when the overheat detector senses a temperature of
338°F (170°C) over its entire length or 842°F (450°C) over a 12-inch (30.4 cm) section. There is a ±
6% tolerance on the activation/deactivation temperatures. When this temperature range is reached,
the contacts in the overheat detector (2600A1) close to provide 28 VDC bus power from the FIRE
DET circuit breaker (2600CB1) to illuminate the ENGINE FIRE annunciator (S/N 53000 to 54299) or
ENGINE FIRE warning message in CAS Windows of MFD and PFD (S/N 54300 and Sub). When the
temperature drops below these temperatures (± 6%), the contacts in the fire overheat detector
(2600A1) open and break the circuit. The 28 VDC is no longer supplied and the annunciator
extinguishes.
The ENGINE FIRE annunciator also illuminates when the FIRE DET TEST switch (2600S1) is
depressed. This push-type switch is mounted on the instrument panel to enable testing of the fire
detection system circuit. When the FIRE DET TEST switch is depressed, 28 VDC is supplied
throughout the system and the ENGINE FIRE annunciator illuminates on the CWA panel. (S/N 53000
to 54299) or ENGINE FIRE warning message appears in CAS Windows of MFD and PFD (S/N 54300
and Sub). When the switch is released, the circuit is open, and the ENGINE FIRE annunciator
extinguishes.
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The fire protection system for the helicopter is found in Chapter 26 of the MM and is made up of a
hand fire extinguisher installed in the flight compartment. As previously discussed, an optional heat
sensing system installed in the engine compartment is available.
The hand fire extinguisher is installed in the flight compartment. It is made up of a fire extinguisher
bottle and a mounting bracket. The fire extinguisher bottle is made up of a rechargeable body, a
safety catch, a discharge nozzle, a red discharge indicator disk, and a pressure indicator. The
mounting bracket is installed on the center post and has a quick release latch.
Servicing for the fire extinguisher is found in chapter 12 of the MM. Make sure the fire extinguisher is
not damaged, the nozzle is not obstructed, the pin is secure, and the seal is not damaged. Make sure
the indicator is in the green arc on the gauge.
If the indicator is not in the green arc, recharge or replace the fire extinguisher. If the fire extinguisher
does not come with a gauge, weigh the fire extinguisher. If the weight of the fire extinguisher is less
than the acceptable minimum weight indicated on the fire extinguisher, recharge or replace the fire
extinguisher.
IF THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER HAS BEEN FIRED, DO NOT USE IT. RECHARGE
THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER BEFORE YOU RETURN IT TO SERVICE.
Flight Controls
The flight controls are mechanical linkages that are used to control the flight attitude and direction of
the aircraft and are found in chapter 67 of the MM. The cyclic, collective, and directional controls are
all assisted by a hydraulic boost from the servo actuators. The controls are routed below the pilot and
passenger seats, aft to the center of the helicopter, and up to the cabin roof through the control
column. The access doors at the aft of the control column and seat panels give access to the control
components for inspection and maintenance purposes.
The cyclic control system is used to change the attitude and airspeed of the helicopter. It provides the
pilot the ability to fly the helicopter in any direction of travel: forward, rearward, left, and right. The
cyclic does this by altering the attitude of what is called the rotor disc, i.e., the hypothetical ‘disc’ the
rotors make when they are turning.
The cyclic control system is made up of a cyclic control stick, cam assembly, torque tube assembly,
spring link assembly, control tubes, bellcranks, and hydraulic servo actuators. Movement of the cyclic
control stick is transmitted through linkages and the hydraulic servo actuators to the swashplate. The
swashplate transmits the cyclic control stick inputs to the main rotor. The servo actuators are used to
reduce the human effort that is necessary to control the helicopter and to decrease the main rotor
feedback forces.
The function of the collective pitch controls is to allow the pilot to climb or descend and provide thrust
to the helicopter. It does this by altering the pitch of the rotor blades together, or ‘collectively’. Raising
the lever increases the rotor pitch and causes the helicopter to climb; lowering it puts the aircraft into
a descent. The collective control system is made up of the collective control stick assembly, jackshaft,
control tubes, springs, mixer lever, bellcranks, link assemblies and the hydraulic servo actuator.
The movement of the collective control stick is transmitted through rods and bellcranks to the servo
actuator and up to the swashplate collective lever. The collective pitch control is transmitted to the
main rotor by the vertical movement of the swashplate pivot sleeve.
The function of the pilot directional controls (anti-torque controls) is to control the heading of the
helicopter while hovering or when making hovering turns, as well as counteracting the torque of the
main rotor.
The directional controls extend aft from the control pedals near the lower centerline of the fuselage to
the passenger compartment. A control tube transmits the movement up over the passenger
compartment. Control tubes and bellcranks continue the movement aft to the hydraulic actuator. The
control tubes assemblies and bellcranks connect the hydraulic actuator to the tail rotor pitch change
mechanism installed on the tail rotor gearbox.
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The purpose of the Airspeed Actuated Pedal Stop System is to limit the travel of the left pedal at
airspeeds above 55 ±5 KIAS. When power is applied to the Pedal Restriction Control System, the
PEDAL STOP PTT indicator light (white) illuminates. A system test could then be activated by
pressing the PEDAL STOP PTT Switch/Light. The test consists of an audible click (solenoid
engaging) occurring, the ENGAGED (green) indicator illuminates, the PEDAL STOP (amber)
annunciator on the caution panel illuminates and full travel of the pedal is restricted for the duration of
the test (five seconds). Once the test expires, the engaged light and the pedal stop annunciator
extinguishes and allows full pedal travel.
During normal operation, when the Pedal Restrictor Control Unit senses that the airspeed has
reached the activation point of 55 ± 5 KIAS with the system engaged, a signal is provided to the
rotary solenoid to mechanically restrict the amount of left pedal travel. The system is disengaged
automatically when the airspeed is reduced to the de-activation airspeed of 50 ± 5 KIAS.
The PEDAL STOP Annunciator circuit is designed to notify the pilot that a problem has occurred in
the system. The possible cause for this problem is:
The S/N 54300 and subsequent installation adds the following components:
During normal operation, the Air Data Computer (GDC 74H) sends airspeed information to the GIA
63H IAU #1 and IAU #2. When IAU #2 receives the airspeed and detects it has reached the
activation point of 55 ± 3.75 KIAS, a ground signal is provided to the Pedal Stop Relay terminal X2.
The pedal stop relay energizes sending 28 VDC to the rotary solenoid to mechanically restrict the
amount of left pedal travel. The system is disengaged automatically when the airspeed is reduced to
the de-activation airspeed ≤ 50 KIAS.
When the PEDAL STOP TEST switch is momentarily pushed, a ground is applied to pin 41 of the
integrated avionics unit No. 2. This sets the PEDAL STOP CONTROL output to active (ground) from
pin 72 for 5 seconds. The ground is applied to terminal X2 of the relay (6540K1), which energizes the
relay and connects 28 VDC from the PEDAL STOP circuit breaker (6540CB1) through contacts A1
and A2 to the solenoid (6540L1). The position switch closes applying ground to IAU #1 and IAU #2,
which then illuminates the “PEDAL STOP” CAS message on the MFD and PFD.
The pedal stop test is inhibited by IAU #2 when the helicopter is airborne through the WOG switch.
NOTE
For 407GXi S/N 54567, 54805 And Subsequent, the PEDAL STOP CAS message does not
illuminate during Pedal Stop test.
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The manual pedal restrictor emergency release is operated by pulling the release handle attached to
a cable in the event the rotary solenoid assembly becomes inoperative or the system requires rigging.
Description
The fuel system is made up of two crash-resistant, bladder type fuel cells. The two flexible fuel cells
are housed in fuel cell cavities that provide support on all sides. The forward fuel cell is installed
under and behind the aft facing passenger seats.
The main fuel cell is installed under and behind the forward-facing passenger seats. The fuel cells
have a combined useable fuel capacity of 127.8 US Gallons (483.77 liters). The forward fuel cell
contains 37.6 US gallons (142.33 liters) and 90.2 gallons (341.44 liters) in the main fuel cell.
The components in the fuel system include a fuel transfer pump system that transfers fuel from the
forward fuel cell to the main fuel cell. A fuel boost pump system is installed in the main fuel cell and is
used to give a positive pressure to supply fuel to the engine.
The fuel system also includes a gravity transfer system that allows the transfer of fuel from the main
fuel cell to the forward fuel cell providing the fuel level in the main fuel cell is higher than the
standpipe.
The vent system is made up of hoses, tube assemblies and fittings. They connect the forward fuel cell
and the main fuel cell to a common fitting that permits air in and out for fuel burn and refueling.
The system includes a common fuel filler port is located on the right side of the helicopter.
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The fuel shutoff valve system provides as means of shutting off fuel to the engine. In addition, the
system controls the activation of the FUEL VALVE Crew Alerting System (CAS) message and the fuel
cell drain valve circuits.
The Fuel Shutoff Valve (1B5) is a motorized gate valve which must be driven to either the open or
closed position. The motor of the shut-off valve includes an armature, two coils and two contacts.
Terminal A of the Fuel Shutoff Valve (1B5) controls the open control coil and terminal B controls the
close control coil. Each of the coils generates a magnetic field of opposite direction when electric
current flows through them. This allows the armature to rotate in either the open or closed direction.
The armature drives the gate valve which also controls the position of the contacts.
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When the Fuel Valve Switch (4A3S1) is placed from ON to OFF, 28 VDC bus power is provided to the
terminal B of the Fuel Shutoff Valve (1B5) through the FUEL VALVE Circuit Breaker (1CB7) and the
closed contacts (2 to 1) of the Fuel Valve Switch (4A3S1). This allows the fuel shutoff valve to motor
from the OPEN to the CLOSED position.
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If the Battery Switch (2S1) is set to OFF during helicopter operations, an alternate circuit is provided
to allow operation of the left fuel transfer and left fuel boost pumps. During this condition, with the fuel
valve switch set to ON, battery voltage is supplied through the Fuel Boost/Transfer Backup Circuit
Breaker (1CB12), the closed contacts (5 to 6) of the Fuel Valve Switch (4A3S1), the closed contacts
(4 to 5) of the Battery Switch (2S1) and the Left Fuel Boost/Transfer Circuit Breaker Switch (1CB6) to
the left fuel transfer and left fuel boost pumps.
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For S/N 54300 and Subsequent the fuel shutoff valve electrical system includes a fuel shutoff valve
(1B5), a fuel valve switch (4A3S1), a fuel valve circuit breaker (1CB7), and associated wiring. Fuel
Shut Off Valve Relay 1K6 is removed and the 28V/Open Discrete signal is routed to the GIA 63H/GIA
64H 3140A1P5 contact 12 Discrete Input # 19A.
Applicable to 407GX helicopters S/N 54300 and subsequent, the Crew Alerting System (CAS)
FUEL VALVE caution message comes on when the fuel shutoff valve (1B5) is in transit or stops
between the ON and OFF positions.
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The internal valve position switch is closed, routing power back to pin C and out to Integrated
Avionics Unit 1 connector 3140A1P5 pin 12. Pin 12 is Discrete Input 19A designated as a 28V/Open
Input. When pin 12 is at 28 VDC the IAU inhibits sending the FUEL VALVE Crew Alerting caution
message to the MFD and PFD.
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The valve then starts motoring to the open position. This opens the valve and removes the 28 VDC
from the integrated avionic unit No. 1 (3140A1) connector (3140A1P5-12), which causes the FUEL
VALVE CAS caution message appears in the CAS window of the MFD and PFD.
Applicable to 407GX helicopters S/N 54300 and subsequent, the Crew Alerting System (CAS)
FUEL VALVE caution message comes on when the fuel shutoff valve (1B5) is in transit or stops
between the ON and OFF positions.
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Pump assemblies 407-362-100-101 used for S/N 53000 thru 53750 use 407-362-013-101 pressure
switches that close with decreasing pressure at 1.5 ± 0.5 PSI
Pump assemblies 407-362-100-103 used for S/N 53751 through 54299, 54300 and Sub use 407-362-
013-103 pressure switches that close with decreasing pressure at 3.5 ± 0.5 PSI.
1S17 Low Fuel Level Detector Switch, Left Fuel Transfer System
1CR3 Left Fuel Transfer Pump Relay Circuit (SN 53000 - 53174)
1CR5 Left Fuel Transfer Pump Relay Circuit (SN 53000 - 53174)
1CR6 Right Fuel Transfer Pump Relay Circuit (SN 53000 - 53174)
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The right fuel transfer pump is used in conjunction with the left fuel transfer pump to transfer fuel from
the forward fuel cell to the main fuel cell. The right fuel boost pump is used in conjunction with the left
fuel boost pump to supply fuel from the main fuel cell to the engine. Separate circuits in the fuel signal
conditioner are used to control the operation of the right and left fuel transfer pumps.
Notes
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While fuel is present in the forward fuel cell, the #3 Fuel Probe (1A3) provides input signals to the
Fuel Signal Conditioner (1Z2). The signal from the #3 fuel probe controls the ground circuit of the
Right Transfer Pump Relay (1K8) through pin 4 of the connector (1Z2P1) of the Fuel Signal
Conditioner (1Z2). When fuel is present in the forward fuel cell, the signal conditioner provides a
ground to the Right Transfer Pump Relay (1K8).
Notes
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With a ground path provided to the coil of the Right Transfer Pump Relay (1K8), this allows the Right
Transfer Pump Relay (1K8) to energize. When the transfer pump relay is energized, the Right Fuel
Transfer Pump (1B1) becomes operational and allows fuel to be transferred to the main fuel cell.
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Once the fuel signal conditioner senses that the fuel cell is empty, a time delay is activated (360
seconds) that allows the pump to continue to operate to ensure that all the fuel in the forward fuel cell
has been transferred. If the fuel is depleted prior to the time delay of 360 seconds, the R/FUEL XFR
Annunciator on the Caution/Warning/Advisory Panel is not affected by this circuit.
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The R/FUEL XFR and L/FUEL XFR Annunciators are controlled by a different circuit within the fuel
signal conditioner associated with 407 Helicopters SN 53175 and Subsequent. The annunciators are
controlled by fuel quantity conditions which are shown in the Truth Table on the previous page. The
output of the Fuel Signal Conditioner that controls the R/FUEL XFR and L/FUEL XFR Annunciators is
pin 11. If the Fuel Signal Conditioner determines that the fuel transfer system is operational, the
output of pin 11 provides a ground to the Right and Left Transfer Pump Fuel Pressure Switches.
Therefore, if either system fails to provide enough pressure to keep the pressure switches open, the
Left or Right XFR Annunciators on the Caution/Warning /Advisory Panel illuminates. With this system,
the XFR lights are only affected if either system fails.
The Right and Left Fuel Transfer circuits operate the same way and are completely isolated from
each other. The only differences are: The Left Fuel Transfer System uses a float switch (1S17) to
determine if there is fuel in the forward fuel cell whereas the Right Fuel Transfer System uses a fuel
probe for determining if there is fuel in the forward fuel cell.
Notes
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The 407GX uses the same fuel transfer components as the 407. The difference in the systems is
how the monitoring of system operation is generated and viewed. For the 407GX the caution
messages for L/FUEL XFR and/or R/FUEL XFR are triggered in the Display CAS windows when the
Integrated Avionics Unit #1 detects the discrete ground from the transfer pump pressure switches.
Notes
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There are seven Caution Warning Advisory annunciators associated with the fuel system. In the
forward fuel cell, the Left Fuel Pressure Switch (1S24) contacts close at 1.5 ± 0.5 PSI decreasing
pressure illuminates the L/FUEL XFR caution annunciator if there is still fuel remaining in the forward
cell. Switch 1S23 will illuminate.,3e9 the R/FUEL XFR caution annunciator at 1.5 ± 0.5 PSI
decreasing pressure if there is fuel in the forward cell.
Boost pump pressures in the aft cell are monitored by switch 1S22 for the L/FUEL BOOST caution
annunciator and switch 1S21 for the R/FUEL BOOST caution annunciator. Both switches will close
at 1.5 ± 0.5 PSI decreasing pressure.
NOTE
S/N 53570 through 54299, 54300 and Subsequent dual pump assemblies have 407-362-013-103
pressure switches installed. The -103 pressures switches will close at 3.5 ± 0.5 PSI decreasing
pressure. The pressure switches will be the same for both the transfer pump monitoring and the
boost pump monitoring.
The fuel filter contains an Impending Bypass Indicator Switch that closes at 0.875 ± 0.125 PSID. The
closed switch annunciates the FUEL FILTER caution annunciator. The Fuel Valve is monitored for a
disagreement between the Fuel Valve Switch position and the position of the Fuel Shut Off Valve.
The Fuel Filter also has a Press-To-Test switch to allow testing of the caution circuitry.
The FUEL VALVE annunciator will illuminate momentarily during valve transition. The annunciator
will extinguish when the Shutoff Valve agrees with the Fuel Valve Switch position.
A FUEL LOW annunciator will illuminate when the Low-Level Detector (1S16) contacts closed at
approximately 100 ± 10 pound.
NOTE
The fuel quantity gauging system will be covered in Instrument Systems (ATA 31).
Notes
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The FUEL LOW Annunciator illuminates when the Low-Level Detector (lS16) contacts are closed,
following a 13 ± 3 second time delay which is controlled by the Fuel Signal Conditioner (1Z2). The
contacts at the Low-Level Detector (1S16) close with approximately 110 ± 15 pounds of usable fuel
remaining in the main fuel tank. The Fuel Signal Conditioner (1Z2) provides the ground signal to the
input "V" of the fuel low annunciator. The 13 ± 3 second time delay reduces the possibility of
intermittent annunciator flickering due to fuel sloshing.
Notes
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The hydraulic system decreases the force required to operate the flight controls and is covered in
Chapter 29 of the MM. The pressurized hydraulic fluid and the hydraulic jacks (servo actuators) move
the linkages that control the flight attitude and direction. The force that the pilot puts on the collective,
cyclic or the directional controls moves only the applicable servo valve. This force is much less than
what is required to operate the controls directly. This "hydraulic boost" operates on all the controls:
the cyclic control stick (forward, aft, and lateral), the collective control stick and the directional control
pedals. There is one collective, one directional and two cyclic servo actuators.
If a full electrical power failure occurs, the hydraulic system is always on. If a hydraulic power failure
occurs, the pilot can operate the controls directly. This "boost off" condition makes sure that the
helicopter is always in the pilot’s control. During the "boost off" condition, a pressure switch on the
hydraulic manifold makes the HYDRAULIC SYSTEM annunciator on the caution/warning/advisory
panel to illuminate. The pilot has a visual indication of the pressure failure.
To turn the hydraulic system off, electrical power must be supplied to the solenoid valve. The HYD
SYS switch controls the hydraulic solenoid valve. When the hydraulic system solenoid valve is not
energized (the HYD SYS switch is in the ON position or there is an electrical failure), the pressurized
hydraulic fluid flows to the four servo actuators. When the hydraulic system solenoid valve is
energized (the HYD SYS switch is in the OFF position), the pressurized hydraulic fluid flows to the
reservoir and not through the servo actuators.
Notes
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The helicopter hydraulic system uses MIL-PRF-5606 hydraulic fluid. The system is filled at the
reservoir assembly. To help prevent contamination when the hydraulic system is serviced, the
reservoir assembly has a screen -below the cover. A sight gauge is installed on the left side of the
reservoir that shows if the reservoir needs to be serviced. You can find service data on the decals
that are on the reservoir assembly and the maintenance platform that is forward of the hydraulic
filters. The caught air is automatically bled out of the system. Manual bleeding procedures are given
in MM Chapter 29.
Notes
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The only monitoring of the hydraulic system is a single pressure switch (9S1) located on the right side
of the roof at the far end of the hydraulic pressure manifold. The HYDRAULIC SYSTEM annunciator
illuminates when the contacts (A & B) of the Hydraulic Pressure Switch (9S1) close.
The switch contacts close when the decreasing pressure is at 650 -0/+ 100 PSI to complete the
ground circuit and cause the HYDRAULIC SYSTEM annunciator to illuminate. The switch contacts
open when the increasing pressure is at 750 +0/- 100 PSI. This opens the ground circuit which
disables the HYDRAULIC SYSTEM annunciator.
Switch 9S1 contacts close when the decreasing pressure is at 650 -0/+ 100 PSI to complete the
ground input to the IAU #2 Discrete In 3 at connector 3140A2P4 pin 9, Ground at Discrete In 3
causes IAU# 2 to send a HSDB message to MFD and PFD to display the HYDRAULIC SYS CAS
message. The switch contacts open when the increasing pressure is at 750 +0/- 100 PSI. This opens
the ground circuit which disables the HYDRAULIC SYSTEM CAS message on the MFD and PFD.
Notes
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The pitot tube and static ports are electrically heated by internal elements. The pilot or technician can
turn on the pitot/static heater by placing the circuit breaker switch (4CB2) to PITOT HEATER. Both
the pitot probe and both static ports should warm. The Pitot-static Heating System Operational
Check is located in Chapter 95 of the Maintenance Manual.
Pitot Heater operations may be checked by observing an increase in the ammeter load when the
PITOT HEATER Switch is placed ON. In normal flight operations ENG ANTI ICE and PITOT
HEATER switches are placed in the ON position when there is visible moisture and when ambient
temperature is at or below 5°C (40°F).
DO NOT TOUCH THE HEATED SURFACES OF THE PITOT TUBE OR STATIC PORTS.
TO PREVENT BURNS, ONLY PUT YOUR HANDS NEAR THE SURFACES TO
CHECK FOR HEATER OPERATION
NOTE
The 407 powerplant, Rolls-Royce model 250-C47B Series, is also equipped with an Anti-Icing
system. This is covered in ATA 75 Engine Air in the Powerplant section
The landing gear can be found in chapter 32 of the MM. The aircraft is supplied with a standard low
skid landing gear. Available options include the high skid landing gear and an emergency float
landing gear kit for over water operation. The landing gear is made up of two aluminum alloy skid-
tubes attached to the ends of the forward and aft arched crosstubes.
The forward crosstube has two strap assemblies that contact mating fittings attached to the helicopter
structure. The forward crosstube is attached to the helicopter structure with two forward straps.
An aft crosstube support beam for the aft crosstube touches the mating fittings on the helicopter
structure. Two aft straps attach the aft crosstube to the helicopter with the two aft straps. The aft
crosstube support beam on the aft crosstube reduces ground resonance.
The skid tubes include a tow fitting, forward and aft saddles with sockets for the crosstubes, and a
forward end step. Each skid tube has seven skid shoes along the bottom, a rear plug, and an eyebolt
fitting to mount the ground handling gear.
The Weight-On-Gear (WOG) switch (8S5) is mounted on the forward cross tube of the skid landing
gear. This double pole plunger switch controls both an airframe ground input to Pin 1 and a 28VDC
input from the Hour Meter CB through the Engine Out Relay (>55% Ng) to pin 4. The 28VDC signal
generated by the engine running above 55% is input on pin 4. When the aircraft is on the ground the
airframe ground on 8S5 Pins 1 and 2 are closed. The output on pin 2 is used as the ground for the
Cyclic Centering Proximity Switch (8S4) and as a signal input to the Cyclic Centering Relay (1K9).
When the aircraft transitions to flight (in the air) the output on pin 6 is used to supply 28VDC power for
the Hour-meter. The 28VDC is also used to inform the Clock/OAT/Voltmeter to begin counting flight
time. The actual WOG switch interface is discussed within systems where it is used.
For S/N 54300 and Subsequent, when the aircraft is on the ground the airframe ground on 8S5 Pins 1
and 2 are closed. The output on pin 2 is used as the ground for the Cyclic Centering Proximity Switch
(8S4) and as a signal input through the de-energized Cyclic Centering Relay (1K9) to GIA #2 to
display the Cyclic Centering (CYC CTR) CAS message on the MFD and PFD. On the 407GX/GXi
this ground is also routed to the GIA #2 as the signal to generate the WOG advisory CAS message.
On the 407GX/GXi the airframe ground from the switch also:
The caution/warning/advisory panel lighting and dimming circuit provides fixed 28 VDC bright or fixed
15 VDC dim lighting. Variable lighting between 15 and 28 VDC is not possible.
All but 5 of the caution panel annunciators (FLOAT TEST, BATTERY HOT, ENGINE OVSPD,
ENGINE OUT, and RPM) can come on in either the fixed bright mode or the fixed dim mode. Refer to
the caution/ warning/advisory section of Chapter 96 for additional information on the individual
annunciators and their circuits.
Additionally, the Zener diode (8CR4) and isolation diodes (8CR1 and 8CR3) are used to dim the
FADEC Mode Switch (1S18).
With the instrument light rheostat control knob positioned anywhere between dim and bright, the
contacts (2 to 1) of the Instrument Light Rheostat (8U1) close. This allows bus voltage to be provided
through the Instrument Lights Circuit Breaker (8CB1) to the terminal 3 of the Caution Light Dim
Switch (4A2S3) and to the terminal A1 of the Light Dimming Relay (8K3). Provided the Caution Light
Dim Switch (4A2S3) is not momentarily positioned to DIM, the annunciators are illuminated in the
fixed bright mode.
Notes
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Momentarily positioning the caution light dim switch to DIM closes its contacts (2 to 3), which allows
bus voltage to terminal X1 of the Light Dimming Relay (8K3). This energizes the Light Dimming Relay
(8K3). After the Caution Light Dim Switch (4A2S3) is released from the "DIM" position, the Light
Dimming Relay (8K3) is kept energized by a latching circuit completed through the closed contacts
(A1 to A2) of the light dimming relay and the closed contacts (5 to 6) of the caution light dimming
switch.
With the Light Dimming Relay (8K3) energized and latched, the contacts (C2 to C1) are closed. This
provides voltage to the 10 Ohm dropping resistor (8R5) and to the 15-volt Zener diode (8CR2). The
Zener Diode (8CR2) acts like a voltage regulator by varying the current through the dropping resistor
(8R5) to maintain a fixed 15-volt power supply for the caution panel lighting. The fixed 15-volt power
supply is provided to the ground seeking annunciators, which are dimmable, through the closed
contacts (B2 to B1) of the Light Dimming Relay (8K3) and the input "W" of the Caution Panel (4DS1).
The FADEC Mode Switch (1S18) is dimmed through the Zener Diode (8CR4). Diodes (8CR1 and
8CR3) are used to isolate the 28 VDC bright lighting circuit and the dimming circuit.
The positive seeking dimmable annunciators are dimmed through an internal resistor. The ground
path for these annunciators is provided through the closed contacts (D2 to D1) of the Light Dimming
Relay (8K3) in the dim mode. Momentarily positioning the Caution Light Dim Switch (4A2S3) to
"BRIGHT" opens the contacts (5 to 6) of the switch and the Light Dimming Relay (8K3) latching
circuit. This de-energizes the light dimming relay and returns the caution panel and FADEC mode
switch lighting to the fixed 28 VDC bright mode.
Notes
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FADEC AUTO/MAN Push Button Annunciator removed in 407GXi S/N 54567, 54805 and
Subsequent
When the CAUT LT switch (4A2S3) is momentarily set to DIM, contacts 2 and 3 of the switch close
and supply 28 VDC to terminal X1 of the light dimming relay (8K3) and energize the relay. After the
CAUT LT switch (4A2S3) is released from the DIM position, the light dimming relay (8K3) stays
energized through closed contacts A1 and A2 and closed contacts 5 and 6 of the CAUT LT switch
(4A2S3). Closed contacts B1 and B2 of the light dimming relay (8K3) supply a ground to the FADEC
AUTO/MANUAL switch/light (1S18), MASTER WARNING/CAUTION switch/light (3150S1), RPM
WARNING LT switch/light (3160S2), and ELT ARM XMIT switch/light (2560S1) annunciators and
they change to dim.
When the CAUT LT switch (4A2S3) is momentarily set to bright (BRT), contacts 5 and 6 of the switch
open and remove the 28 VDC from terminal X1 of the light dimming relay (8K3). This de-energizes
the light dimming relay (8K3) and removes the ground to the FADEC AUTO/MANUAL switch/light
(1S18), MASTER WARNING/CAUTION switch/light (3150S1), RPM WARNING LT switch/light
(3160S2), and ELT ARM XMIT switch/light (2560S1) annunciators and they change to bright.
NOTE
FADEC AUTO/MAN Push Button Annunciator removed in 407GXi S/N 54567, 54805 and
Subsequent
Notes
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The cockpit utility light is a hand-held type incandescent light that can be used as a spotlight or
floodlight. The cockpit utility light gives a blue or a white light. The color of the light is selected with
the color selection switch. The intensity of the light can be selected from bright to dim with the
BRT/DIM control knob. The cockpit utility light extinguishes when the BRT/DIM/OFF switch is set to
the OFF position.
Operation (All)
The 28 VDC bus supplies power to the light through the CKPT LIGHTS Circuit Breaker (8CB5). When
then BRT/DIM/OFF knob is turned clockwise from the OFF position, it supplies a variable voltage to
the light. This causes the cockpit utility light to come on at various intensities from dim to bright. When
the BRT/DIM/OFF control knob is turned fully counterclockwise to the OFF position, the 28 VDC is
removed and the cockpit utility light extinguishes.
Notes
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Cabin/Passenger Lighting
The four reading lights and two switches are part of the headliner installation. Two headliner electrical
disconnects (8P4, and 8P5) are installed to provide a quick disconnect of the headliner installation.
The CKPT LIGHTS Circuit Breaker (8CB5) supplies the 28 VDC to the reading lights.
The cabin lights are illuminated when the CABIN/PASS LT Switch (8S6) on the overhead console is
set to CABIN regardless of the position of the two reading lights switches (SW1 and SW2). Both the
28 VDC power and ground are supplied through the CABIN/PASS LT Switch (8S6).
With the CABIN/PASS LT Switch (8S6) set to the PASS LT position, it supplies 28 VDC to the four
reading lights. The two reading switches (SW1 and SW2) supply the ground signal to their respective
reading light when they are set to the ON position. This enables the four reading lights (LP1, LP2,
LP3, and LP4) to illuminate.
The four reading lights (LP1, LP2, LP3, and LP4) can be replaced if required.
The 5 VDC lighting circuit provides 0 to 5 VDC variable lighting. The circuit includes an Instrument
Lights Circuit Breaker (8CB1), an Instrument Light Rheostat (8U1) (which contains variable resistor
8U1R1 of 5000 ohms, and a resistor 8R6 of 300 ohms). Also, a 5 VDC Power Supply (8PS2) is
included.
When the Instrument Light Rheostat (8U1) control knob is rotated from OFF through its full range of
travel, the lighting intensity of the indicators varies from dim to full bright. Rotating the control knob
from the OFF position closes the contact (2 to 1) of the instrument light rheostat providing 28 VDC
bus voltage to pin "A" of the 5 VDC Power Supply (8PS2). As the control knob is rotated from the dim
to full bright position, the control circuit resistance at pin "D" of the 5 VDC power supply varies
between approximately 300 ohms at the dim position, due to resistor (8R6), and 5300 ohms at the full
bright position.
As the control resistance at pin "D" of the 5 VDC Power Supply (8PS2) increases from 220 to 5300
ohms, the output voltage from pin "C" of the 5 VDC power supply also increases from approximately
0.5 volts dim to 5.2 volts bright. The variable output is distributed to the lighting inputs of the
associated components through terminal block 4TB2.
Notes
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The basic 407 28 VDC lighting circuit provides 11 to 28 VDC variable lighting. The circuit includes an
Instrument Lights Circuit Breaker (8CB1), an Instrument Light Rheostat (8U1) including variable
resistor 8U1R2 (1000 ohms), resistor 8R4 (100 ohms), a transistor (8Q2), and a tracking resistor 8R3
(680 ohms).
When the Instrument Light Rheostat (8U1) control knob is rotated from OFF through its full range of
travel, the lighting intensity of the indicators varies from dim to full bright. Rotating the control knob
from the OFF position closes the contact (2 to 1) of the instrument light rheostat providing 28 VDC
bus voltage to variable resistor (8U1 R2 = 1000 ohms) and to the collector (C) of transistor (8Q2). As
the control knob is rotated from the dim to full bright position, the control circuit voltage supplied to the
base (B) of transistor (8Q2) varies between approximately 11 volts at the dim position and
approximately 28 volts at the full bright position.
The tracking resistor (8R3) ensures the brightness of the 28 VDC lit components is equivalent to the 5
VDC lit components as the rheostat control knob is rotated from dim to bright. Resistor 8R4 (100
ohms) limits the current to the base (B) of the transistor (8Q2) to prevent overheating.
As the control voltage at the base (B) of the transistor (8Q2) increases from approximately 11 volts to
28 volts, the current through the collector (C) to emitter (E) junction also increases. This is equal to
approximately 11 volts in dim to 28 volts in bright. The variable transistor output is distributed to the
lighting inputs of the associated components through terminal block 8TB3.
THE TRANSISTOR MUST BE INSULATED FROM THE MOUNTING STRUCTURE WITH A MICA
WASHER AND A NYLON INSULATING SLEEVE DURING THE INSTALLATION.
DO NOT OVER TORQUE THE MOUNTING NUT OF THE TRANSISTOR. THIS CAN CAUSE THE
TRANSISTOR TO SHORT TO GROUND OR PHYSICALLY DAMAGE THE TRANSISTOR.
NOTE
The Zener Diode (8CR2) must be electrically bonded to the helicopter mounting structure. Do not use
the insulating washers or sleeve if they are supplied with the Zener diode
Notes
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Two green lights: The green lights are installed on the right side of the helicopter. One green light
(8DS11) is installed under the belly of the helicopter, at FS 64.0 approximately. The other green light
(8DSis installed on the right fin of the horizontal stabilizer.
Two red lights: The red lights are installed on the left side of the helicopter. One red light (8DS10) is
installed under the belly of the helicopter, at FS 64.0 approximately. The other red light (8DS5) is
installed on the left fin of the horizontal stabilizer.
One white tail light: The white tail light (8DS4) is installed at the aft end of the tail rotor fairing
assembly.
The POS LT Circuit Breaker Switch (8CB4) is installed on the overhead console. The POS LT Circuit
Breaker Switch supplies the 28 VDC directly to the position lights when it is closed.
The lens and lamp (S/N 53000 to 54299) or LED assemblies (S/N 54300 and Sub) of the position
lights may be replaced as necessary.
Notes
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The anti-collision light is installed on the top of the vertical stabilizer of the tailboom. The power
supply is installed in the equipment compartment, at FS 185.0, RBL 10.0. The circuit breaker is
installed on the overhead console.
DURING THE REMOVAL OF THE FLASH BULB OF THE ANTICOLLISION LIGHT, DO NOT
TOUCH THE GLASS PORTION OF THE FLASH TUBE WITH THE FINGERS. OIL FROM THE
FINGERS WILL SHORTEN THE LIFE OF THE FLASH TUBE
The anti-collision light system includes an anti-collision light (8DS3) which contains ten Light Emitting
Diodes (LEDs) and an OFF/ANTI COLL LT toggle circuit breaker (8CB3).
The anti-collision light (8DS3) is installed on the top of the vertical stabilizer of the tailboom.
The OFF/ANTI COLL LT toggle circuit breaker (8CB3) is installed on the overhead console.
The basic 407 (S/N 53000 to 54299) landing lights system includes the following components:
• Forward Landing Light (8DS1) installed in the lower part of the nose.
• Down Landing Light (8DS2) installed in the lower part of the nose aft of the forward landing
light.
• Forward Landing Light Control Relay (8K1) installed in the console, left side, FS 22.0.
• Down Landing Light Control Relay (8K2) installed in the console, left side, FS 22.0.
• Landing Lights Switch (4A1S2) installed on the switch box of the collective control stick.
When the LDG LIGHT switch is set to the FWD position, a ground is provided to the Forward Landing
Light Relay 8K1-X2. This enables the Relay (8K1) to energize and close the contacts (A2 to A1). The
closed contacts supply 28 VDC to the Forward Landing Light (8DS1).
When the LDG LIGHT switch is set to the BOTH position, a ground is provided to both the Forward
Landing Light Relay 8K1-X2 and the Down Landing Light Relay 8K2-X2. This enables the both
Relays (8K1 and 8K2) to energize and close their contacts (A2 to A1). The closed contacts supply 28
VDC to both the Forward Landing Light (8DS1) and the Down Landing Light (8DS2).
Notes
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Landing Lights
As applicable to 407GX helicopters S/N 54300 and subsequent, the landing lights system includes
the components that follow:
• One forward landing light (8DS1) LED assembly. The forward landing light is installed in the
lower part of the nose.
• One down (Taxi) landing light (8DS2) LED assembly. The down landing (Taxi) light is
installed in the lower part of the nose aft of the forward landing light.
• One landing lights (LDG LTS) switch (4A1S2) installed on the switch box of the collective
stick.
• One landing light (LDG LT) circuit breaker (8CB6) installed on the overhead console.
The LDG LT circuit breaker (8CB2) supplies 28 VDC to the forward landing light and the down
landing (Taxi) light through the landing lights switch (4A1S2). When the LDG LTS switch (4A1S2) is
set to the FWD position, 28 VDC is supplied to the forward landing light (8DS1) through contacts 2
and 3 of the switch.
When the LDG LTS switch (4A1S2) is set to the BOTH position, 28 VDC is supplied to the forward
landing light (8DS1) and the down landing light (8DS2) through contacts 5 and 6 of the switch.
Review
a. Maintenance Manual
b. Electrical Standard Practice Manual
c. Standard Practices Manual
2. The ventilation system for the 407 incorporates ____________ _____________ in each of the
crew doors which give ventilation for the flight compartment.
a. forced air
b. wing windows
c. sliding windows
3. The left and right side _________ _________ _________ supply more ventilation for the flight
compartment.
4. The defog system has ______ _______ ______________ that are electrically driven.
5. The standard fire protection system for the 407 helicopter is a _______ ________ ______
__________.
6. The purpose of the _________ _________ __________ is to limit the travel of the left pedal at
airspeeds above 55 ±5 KIAS.
a. 120.8 US Gallons
b. 125.8 US Gallons
c. 127.8 US Gallons
Review (continued)
8. The standard 407 fuel system contains ________ cells, ______ transfer pumps, _______ boost
pumps, a __________ valve, and a fuel filter.
a. 2, 2, 2, Shut-off
b. 3, 2, 2, Shut-off
c. 2, 2, 2, Bypass
9. The Hydraulic Control System is considered a “Fail Safe System” which means:
_______________
a. If a full electrical power failure occurs, the hydraulic system is always off.
b. If a full electrical power failure occurs, the hydraulic system is always on.
c. If a full electrical power failure occurs, the hydraulic system is on standby.
10. If the Fuel Shutoff Valve Relay (1K6) was defective (open coil) what effect would that have?
11. On the current Transfer System, when the Signal Conditioner senses fuel in the forward fuel cell,
the output signal on pin 11 is: ______________________________________
a. Ground
b. 28 VDC
c. True
12. The L/FUEL XFR Caution Light illuminates at ________ PSI decreasing with fuel remaining in the
forward fuel cell on the 407GXi.
a. 1.5 ± 0.5
b. 2.5 ± 0.5
c. 3.5 ± 0.5
13. Why does the FUEL LOW Annunciator receive an input from the Signal Conditioner instead of
directly from the Low-Level Detector Switch (1S16)?
a. Reduces the possibility of intermittent message (annunciator) flickering due to fuel sloshing.
b. Signal conditioner produces 28VDC and Low-Level Detector switch does not.
c. The Low-level Detector switch has a 13 second delay.
14. With hydraulic switch placed to “OFF” position, the hydraulic bypass solenoid is _____________.
a. Bypassed
b. Energized
c. De-Energized
Review (continued)
15. The Pitot-static Heating System Operational Check is in Chapter ___ of the Maintenance Manual.
a. 95
b. 96
c. 97
16. For S/N 54300 and Subsequent, when the aircraft is on the ground, the airframe ground on 8S5
Pins 1 and 2 are __________.
a. de-energized
b. open
c. closed
17. The output of the Panel Lighting System is variable between: ___________________________.
a. 0 to 24 VDC
b. 0 to 26 VDC
c. 0 to 28 VDC
18. The anti-collision lights for S/N 54300 and subsequent use ____________________________.
19. When the annunciators on the Caution/Warning/Advisory Panel are "dimmed" by the Caution
Light Dimming Switch, what keeps the "dim mode" active when the Caution Light Dimming Switch
is released?
20. The Landing Light Forward bulb is illuminated when the Landing Light Switch is placed to:
____________________________________________________________.
a. BOTH position
b. FWD position
c. RWD position