REVIEW INNOVATIONS. Fundamental Principle of Counting Ifa thing can be done in any of m different ways and if. second thing can be done in any of n different ways, then it follows that the number of ways in which the first and the second can be done is mt x Permutation ‘An arrangement of objects in a definite order ‘Theorem: The number of permutations on n different ‘objects taken rata time is Por) =nPr= wa Theorem 2: The number of permutations of objects taken all ata time in which m ofthe objects are alike, mare alike, mare alike; and s0 ori. aint ‘Théorem 3: The number of ways of partitioning a st of ‘objects into r cells with m elements in the first cell, m2 ‘elements inthe second cell, and soon is, nt aimalmgl Cyclic Permutation ‘The permutation of n objects in a circle taken rata time is (n-DP-1) ‘The permutation of n objects in a crcl taken all at time is 0! Combination Differs from permutation in that it does not involve the arrangement of objects nor the order of selection Theorem The ber cibiaon tn teen Clair) = ner = Tere: The uber conbiationg of tec en “risen Sutstinesndsoon salina er? 2-1-3609 Nate one a Probability For outcomes that are equally likely to occur Nuniber of favorable outeomes ‘Number ofall possible outcomes, If the probability for an event to happen is P and the probability frit to fails Q, then P+ @ CE Review for Nov 2023 - Algebra 5 ‘Mutually Exclusive Events: events are mutually exclusive fit is impossible for ‘more than one of them to happen in a single trial Independent Events if the happening’of one does not affect the probability ‘of happening ofthe other Dependent Events if the happening of one affects the probability of happening of the other Problems: 1. Inhow many ways can5 different trees be planted a, ina row? 4b, inacircle? 2. How many ways can 6 people be lined up to get on a bus fa certain 2 persons refuse to follow each other? 3. How many three-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 0,1,2,3, 4,5, and 6 if each digit can be used only once? 4. How many different permutations can be made from the letters in the word MISSISSIPPI? A committee of S members is to be formed froma. group of 5 lawyers, 4 engineers and 3 accountants. In hhow many ways can the committee be formed if there iust be 2 lawyers, 2 engineers and 1 accountant in the ‘committee? 6. The HR Manager of Ayala Land Corporation isto hire three out often equally qualified applicants. How ‘many ways-can the HR Manager choose? 7... A shipment of 12 television sets contains 3 defective sets. In how many ways can a hotel purchase 5 of these sets and receive atleast 2 ofthe defective sets? 8. Inhow many ways can you color a poster if there are 5 different colors available? Suppose you toss.a coin and then roll a die. What is the probability of obtaining a tail and then rolling a1? 30, A.coin is tossed twice. What i the probability that at Teast one head occurs? 11, Whats the probability of drawing a Queen or a diamond froma standard deck of cards? 432, One bag contains 4 white balls and 3 black balls, and a second bag contains 3 white balls and 5 black balls ‘One balls drawn at random from the second bag and is placed urseen inthe first bag. Whats the probability thata ball now drawn from the frst bag is black? For Practice: 1. In how many ways can you arrange four identical “Algebra books, one Calculus book, and three identical Mechanics books ina shelf by taking all the books in each arrangement? ‘ner 38 2. In how many ways can the books in math, hydraulics and structural engineering be arranged on a shelf if math has 3 volumes, hydraulics has 2 volumes and structural ‘engineering has 4 volumes? Books of the same subject must be altogether. ‘Answer 728 13. If repetitions are not permitted, how many three-digit ‘even numbers can be formed from the digits 1,24, 5,7, 8, and 9? How many different four-digit integers can be Manta hrintneacon ial ‘wempensnt Dmisaasaio Scanned with CamScanner10, u. . 38. 16.1 7. fe JEVIEW INNOVATIONS med if they are to be greater than 6000? How many different numbers can be formed from the gives if they are to be greater than 900000 and of different digits? ‘A 9360; 5780 ‘There are6 people lining up to pay telephone bills. ftwo persons don’t want to follow each other, how many dlfferent line ups is possible? ‘Aner 480 In how many ways can $ engineers and 4 nurses be arranged in a round table if the nurses insisted to be sitting side by side? ‘Aver: 2800 ‘There are 36 lines that can be drawn from an n-comered. convex polygon. How many corners are there al inal? ‘Aner In how many ways can a panel of 5 judges declare a winner in a Beauty contest? Awnser 16 Four married couples have bought § seats ina row fora concert. In how many ways can they be seated. 8a, ifeach coupleis to sit together? 8b, fall men sit together tothe right ofall women? Anse 3578 1. How many arrangements can be made from the letters of the word MATHEMATICS if the consonants are to be together? ‘Anse 73400 ‘A man and his wife invite 8 of ther friends to a dinner. ‘They are tobe seated around a round table. How many arrangements can be made if the man and his wife are to sit side by side? ‘Aneser 80640 How many ways can 7 people be assigned to 1 triple and two double rooms? ‘Avsuee 210 ‘A face of a coin is either head o tail If three coins are, tossed, what is the probability of getting three tals? ‘Annoe 1/8 Abbag contains 3 white and S black balls, If two balls ‘are drawn in succession without replacement, what is the probability that. 43a. both balls are black? Ansoer 5/14 336. both are white? ‘Answer 3/28, 413. oncis black and the other is white? Anau 15/28 43d. both have the same color? Answer 13/28 From a box containing 5 white balls, 7 blue balls, and 10 black balls, one ball is drawn at random. Determine the probability that itis blue or white? Ansser 6/1 Whats the probability of rolling three dice, and geting, a different number on each die? nee) Fourarmy recruits went to the supply room to get their military boots. Their shoe sizes were 7, 8, 9 & 10, The supply officer, after being informed of their sizes, prepared the four pairs of boots they need, If the boots are handed to each ofthe fou recruits at random, what is the probability that none of them will receive the correct shoe size. Auer 9/26 ‘A family with 5 children is selected at random, what is the probability that at least one child is a boy? Answer 31/32 _none of the balls drawn is black? CE Review for Nov 2023 - Algebra 5 A restaurant offers 6 different salads, 5 different main ‘courses, 10 different desserts and 4 different drinks. ‘How many different lunches each consisting of a salad, a ‘main course, a dessert, and a drink are possible? dessert, anda drinkare posible? 1. How many ways are there to label the four comers of ‘square with letters from English alphabet such that... 182. eachcorner gets a differentletter? —_Anrar 358800 198. adjacent comers get different letters? Ansar. 390450 How many perfect cubes are there in the set fl, 2,3, . 100)? Ansoer 4 |. In the PCSO Lotto 6/45 draw, you are to pick 6 out of 45 numbers. How many combinations are there in total? 5 “Aer: B45 060 ‘Accoinis tossed three times. What is the probability that the head will appear only once? ‘Aneoer 3/8 Tickets are numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up and then a ticket is drawn at random. What is the probability that the ticket drawn has anumber which isa multiple of 3 or 8? ‘Annee: 9/20 ‘A bag contains 2 yellow, 3 green and 2 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the probability that ‘Anaver 30/21, 5. In a box are 8 red, 7 blue and 6 green bills. One Ball is picked up randomly. What is the probability that it is neither red nor green? ‘Arwen 7/21 5. Two dice are thrown simultaneously, What is the probability of getting numbers whose product is even? Answer 3/4 Ina class, there are 15 boys and 10 girls. Three students areselected atrandom, The probability that girl and 2 boys are selected is. ‘nee 21/46 From a pack of 2 cards, two cards are drawn together at random. What is the probability of both the cards being. kings? Ansver 3/2 3. In a party, there are 5 couples. Out of them 5 people are ‘chosen at random. Find the probability that there are, at the least, 2 couples? ‘Arsuer 5/2. 9. From a pack of cards, two cards are drawn one after the ‘other, with replacement. The probability thatthe firsts red and the second is king is. Ansuer 126 Scanned with CamScanner