Enzymes and biological molecules.

Multiple choice questions:

1. Large food molecules are composed from smaller molecules chemically bonded
together.
Which of the following statements is false?
A. Glucose molecules are the basic units of cellulose.
B. Glycerol is a basic unit of oils.
C. Simple sugars like glucose are the basic unit of fats.
D. Amino acids are basic units of proteins.

2. A student carried out two food tests on solution F to determine which food groups are
present in it.

What nutrients does solution F contain?

A. Starch only
B. Starch and proteins
C. Starch and fats
D. Protein only
3. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of pH on enzyme action. The
graph shows the results.

3.4. Four test tubes were set up as shown in the diagram. In which test tube is the starch
digested most quickly?
4.5. The graph shows how enzyme activity is affected by temperature.

5.6. Which of the following identifies the chemical elements found in proteins?

6.7. The table below lists three large biomolecules found in living organisms.
Which row correctly describes the smaller molecules these substances are made from?
7.8. A student mixes food reagent with solution X in a test tube. They observe
a positive test result when a cloudy emulsion forms.

Which row of the table below identifies the reagent used and molecule present in
solution X.

8.9. The image shows two biomolecules before and after chemical digestion
by enzymes in the alimentary canal.
9.10. Three statements about proteins are given below:

1. Different sequences of amino acids give different shapes of amino acids.

2. Amylase is made from a sequence of amino acids joined together to form a non-
specific 3D shape.
3. When mixed with biuret solution, there is a colour change from blue to purple.

10.11. Liver cells produce an enzyme called catalase which breaks down toxic hydrogen
peroxide into water and oxygen.

A student set up an experiment where cubes of cow’s liver in a test tube were incubated
with hydrogen peroxide at different temperatures.

The student counted the number of oxygen bubbles released per minute at each
temperature.
Their results are shown in the table below:
11.12. A test tube containing a starch – amylase mixture is incubated at 35 °C. The graph
shows how the amount of starch in the test tube changes over the next five minutes.

12.13. Which statements are correct for all enzymes?

13.14. The pH of an enzyme-controlled reaction is decreased by a pH of 2.
How does this affect the rate of reaction?

Structured Questions (Theory)

1. Yeast cells make the enzyme Sucrase. Sucrase catalyses the breakdown of sucrose to
glucose and fructose.
Enzymes are made of protein.
a) Explain how the shape of a sucrase molecule is related to its function. [2]
b) The student made an extract of sucrase from yeast cells.
They investigated the activity of the sucrase extract at different pH values. They
determined the rate of reaction at each pH.
They then calculated the rate of each reaction as a percentage of the fastest
reaction, to give the percentage activity of sucrase.
Describe and explain the effect of pH on the enzyme activity of sucrase shown in Fig. 1.2 [6]

2. Alcohol dehydrogenase is the enzyme which breaks down alcohol in the body.

a) State the pH value with the highest enzyme activity in Fig 3.1. [1]
b) State the pH value with the lowest enzyme activity in Fig 3.1 [1]
c) Suggest one other factor that could affect enzyme activity. [1]
d) Enzymes are biological catalysts.
Define the term Catalyst [2]
e) Enzymes are proteins.

[2]