Cao-Su-Hoa-Hoc-Va-Cong-Nghe - Tuan-1 (1) - (Cuuduongthancong - Com)

Types of Rubber
om
.c
and Their Essential
ng
co
Properties
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
CuuDuongThanCong.com https://fb.com/tailieudientucntt
Characteristics
 Upper temperature aging limits - heat
om
aging resistance
.c
ng
 Chemical resistance and concentration
co
an
Chemical resistance and temperature
th
 ng
o
Mechanical properties and temperature:

du

u
Butyl rubber, a fairly non-resilient material at

cu
room temperature can have a significant higher

resilience at 80 "C.
 Grades within a type of rubber
om
.c
ng
All synthetic (and natural) raw
co
an
gum elastomers have subdivisions
th
ng
within their own family.
o
du
u
cu
Natural rubber NR
om
.c
Production of natural Rubber
ng
NR is tapped from rubber trees
co

(Hevea brasiliensis) as latex.
an
th
 Latex is a colloidal dispersion of solid
ng
particles of polymer polyisoprene in
o
du
water and dry rubber content in the

u
cu
emulsion is about 30%
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Chemical structure of
om
natural rubber
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Natural rubber NR
om
 Available in many grades related
.c
to its ‘dirt’ content and precise
ng
co
method of production.
an
th
 Popular grades are ribbed smoked
ng
sheet (RSS) and technically
o
du
specified rubber such as SVR

u
cu
(Standard Vietnamese Rubber)

 Addition of carbon black to a compound
om
gives resistance to UV, antiozonants
.c
ng
 Antiozonants and waxes support ozone
co
resistance.
an
th
Ozone attack is of most concern for thin
ng
products and those that are subjected
o
du
to stretching during service.

u
cu
 Electrical insulation is very good and,
om
like all elastomers, depends on
.c
compounding.
ng
co
 Resistance to petroleum oils is poor
an
 Resistance to alcohols (such as th
o ng
ethanol and methanol) and ketones

du
u
(such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)

cu
and acetone) is much better

 20, 50: the lower the number, the
cleaner the grade, and therefore
om
the more expensive
.c
 Specialized grade known as SMR
ng
co
CV with consistent viscosity
an
th
control of NR (constant viscosity)
ng
is available. This grade has 0.15%
o
du
of a hydroxylamine salt added to

u
cu
prevent a ‘cross-linking’.
Styrene butadiene rubber SBR
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Styrene butadiene rubber SBR
om
.c
 From petroleum oil
ng
 There are many subgroups of the raw
co
an
gum elastomer
th
ng
 In comparison with natural and CR,
o
du
gum vulcanizates made from SBR

u
have poor mechanical properties

cu
therefore must have reinforcing fillers

such as carbon black
The properties of SBR are broadly
om

.c
similar to NR, for chemical, solvent,
ng
and weather resistance.
co
an
 The upper temperature heat aging
th
resistance limit is a little higher.
o ng
du
u
cu
Polychloroprene CR
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Polychloroprene CR
om
.c
 Known as Neoprene
ng
 More specialized than the two
co
an
previous elastomers (oil and weather
resistance) th
o ng
du
 Ability to retard flame

u
cu
 Resistance to dilute acids and bases

is better than that of NR or SBR
Nitrile Rubber NBR
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Nitrile Rubber NBR
om
.c
 Known as acrylonitrile butadiene rubber,
ng
Buna-N and simply nitrile
co
an
 Oil resistant properties
th
ng
 The higher the amount of ACN in the
o
du
elastomer, the better the oil resistance

u
cu
 The weather resistance of NBR is poor,

similar to NR and SBR
 Better heat aging resistance than CR
and is in the region of 1070C for
continuous use.
om
.c
ng
co
 Needs reinforcing fillers.
an
th
ng
Poor resistance to polar liquids such
o

du
as ketones, esters, chlorinated

u
cu
solvents, and many aromatic solvents

such as benzene and toluene
Ethylene propylene rubber EPM
and EPDM
om
.c
 EPM is a copolymer consisting of
ng
ethylene and propylene units as
co
an
part of the main polymer chain.
th
ng
 It can be cross-linked with
o
du
peroxides or radiation but not

u
cu
sulfur
Ethylene propylene diene terpolymer-
om
EPDM
.c
ng
co
 Unaffected by weather with very good
an
resistance to ozone
th
ng
 Upper 'continuous‘ heat aging
o
du
temperature limits in air, anywhere

u
cu
from 1260C to around 1500C
 Low temperature flexibility is very good
om
and even better when compare with NR.
.c
ng
 Very poor oil resistance.
co
 Resistance to a number of concentrated
an
th
mineral acids and bases is significantly
ng
better than that of NR or SBR
o
du
u
 Excellent electrical resistance of EPDM

cu
Butyl rubber IIR
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Butyl rubber IIR and halobutyl
rubber CllR and BllR
om
.c
 Some properties similar to those of EPDM.
ng
 Good mineral acid and base resistance.
co
an
 Good weather resistance (similar to that
th
ng
of EPDM).
o
du
 Excellent resistance to gase permeability

u
cu
 Poor resistance to petroleum oils
 Upper continuous heat aging temperature
limit is around 1210 C degree.
om
 Applications for vibration and shock
.c
prevention, roof and tank linings, curing
ng
co
bladders and inner tubes for tires.
an
 Halobutyls can be blended with
th
ng
unsaturated elastomers such as NR,
o
du
whereas for IIR it is not recommended

u
cu
Silicone rubber
om
.c
MQ = Methyl-Polysiloxane
ng
VMQ = Vinyl-Methyl-Polysiloxane
co
an
PMQ = Phenyl-Methyl-Polysiloxane
th
ng
PVMQ = Phenyl-Vinyl-Methyl-
o
du
Polisiloxane
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu
Silicone rubber
om
 Most elastomers have a carbon main
.c
chain, while Q (Quaternary group)
ng
co
has a silicone oxygen backbone.
an
 The best elastomers for both high
th
ng
and low temperature resistance (-
o
du
540C and 2000C for general purpose

u
cu
compounds and -1150C and 2600C for

special compounds)
Silicone rubber
om
.c
 Excellent ozone, weather resistance
ng
and electrical insulation.
co
an
 Low tensile strength, poor tear
th
strength and little wear resistance.
o ng
du
 Applications include aerospace,

u
medical, food contact, and

cu
automotive ignition cable.

Hydrogenated nitrile rubber
HNBR (HSN)
om
.c
 New elastomer - first appearance in 1984
ng
 Very good weather and abrasion.
co
resistance, plus good mechanical strength.
an
th
 Used in oilfields where it has resistance to
ng
amine corrosion inhibitors and better
o
du
hydrogen sulfide resistance than NBR.

u
cu
 Peroxide cured HNBR has heat aging

resistance up to 1500C.
Chlorosulfonated polyethylene CSM
om
.c
 Best known as Hypalon.
ng
 Excellent ozone, acid, and weathering
co
an
resistance.
th
ng
 Oil and heat aging resistance.
o
du
u
cu
Urethane rubber
om
.c
 Produced by reacting a diisocyanate
ng
(TDI, MDI) with either a polyether
co
polyol (1,4-butanediol) or a polyester
an
th
polyol (from adipic acid and ethylene
ng
glycol)
o
du
u
cu
om
.c
 Low molecular weigth polyols
ng
produced hard polymers.
co
an
 High molecular weith polyols give soft
polymers. th
o ng
du
 High tensile strength and abrasion.

u
resistance combined with good oil

cu
and tear resistance.

om
.c
ng
co
an
th
o ng
du
u
cu

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Types of Rubber

Mechanical properties and temperature:

Butyl rubber, a fairly non-resilient material at

room temperature can have a significant higher

water and dry rubber content in the

emulsion is about 30%

specified rubber such as SVR

(Standard Vietnamese Rubber)

to stretching during service.

ethanol and methanol) and ketones

(such as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)

and acetone) is much better

of a hydroxylamine salt added to

gum vulcanizates made from SBR

have poor mechanical properties

therefore must have reinforcing fillers

 Ability to retard flame

 Resistance to dilute acids and bases

elastomer, the better the oil resistance

 The weather resistance of NBR is poor,

as ketones, esters, chlorinated

solvents, and many aromatic solvents

peroxides or radiation but not

temperature limits in air, anywhere

from 1260C to around 1500C

 Excellent electrical resistance of EPDM

 Excellent resistance to gase permeability

 Poor resistance to petroleum oils

whereas for IIR it is not recommended

540C and 2000C for general purpose

compounds and -1150C and 2600C for

 Applications include aerospace,

medical, food contact, and

automotive ignition cable.

hydrogen sulfide resistance than NBR.

 Peroxide cured HNBR has heat aging

 High tensile strength and abrasion.

resistance combined with good oil

and tear resistance.

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