PLANT AND ANIMAL TISSUES

CARBOHYDRATES - are the most abundant organic

compounds

- they function as energy sources and structure

components of the cell.

- Ch2O (formula)

FOUR CHEMICAL GROUP OF CARBOHYDRATES

1.MONOSACCHARIDES - monomers or simple sugar.

- they serve as building blocks of carbohydrate

polymers and other biological molecule.

- examples are glucose, fructose, and galactose with

a chemical formula C6H12O6

2. DISACCHARIDES - composed of two molecules or

simple sugar bonded together glycosidic bond.

- common example is the table sugar or sucrose.

3. OLIGOSACCHARIDES - made up of anywhere from

two or ten monosaccharides units linked by glycosidic
bond.

4. POLYSACCHARIDES - may consists of hundreds of

linked monomer of glucose or other simple sugar.

- examples are starch, cellulose, chitin and glycogen.

STARCH - carbohydrates storage in plants

CELLULOSE - the most abundant biological molecule in

nature.

CHITIN - the major substance in exoskeleton of

arthropods and mollusks

GLYCOGEN - the main storage form of carbohydrates

in animals

LIPIDS - makes certain food oily.

- includes fats, oils, waxes, steroids, and

phospholipids.

FATS AND OILS - serves as nutrients reserves in animals

and plants.

- corn oil, canola oil, olive oil are typically lipids

extracted from plants.

✔️GLYCEROL

✔️FATTY ACIDS

PHOSPHOLIPIDS - consists of glycerol molecule, a

phosphale group and two fatty acids.

STEROIDS - are organic compounds with four rings

arranged in a specific configuration.

- sterols and terpenes are some example of

steroids
CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS
Sterols such as cholesterol, antrogens, and estrogen,
CARBON COMPOUNDS - carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic
adrenal corticosteroid
acids, proteins