Political Science 131

Name: Asher Hartnick

Group: 9

Lecturer: Ms Meshay Moses

Tutor: Ms Robyn Sickle

Assignment: Tutorial 1

Due date: 8 March 2022

Plagiarism Declaration

1. This summary/exercise is my own, and not plagiarised in any way. Plagiarism is to

use another’s work and pretend its one’s own.
2. I know plagiarism is wrong. Plagiarism is to use another person’s work and present it
as one’s own.
3. Each significant contribution to, and direct quotations in this assignment that I have
taken from the works of other authors has been acknowledged and referenced. I have
not copied texts of more than 10 words without a reference.
4. I have not allowed and will not anyone to copy my work the intention of passing it off
as his or her own.
5. I am aware of the fact that plagiarism could lead to the cancelling of marks and, in
serious cases, to expulsion from the university

Signed: A. Hartnick
Date: 4 March 2022
1. What according to Heywood, are the four different ways we can
understand the concept of “politics”?

The art of government

This way of thinking of politics can be described as the making and enforcing collective
decisions on society. This is limited to a group of people namely politicians and government.

Politics as public affairs

This applies not just to the government but the public as well as institutions of state which is
regarded as public. This has a broader scope as these could reach into that which concerns
private life.

Politics as compromise and consensus

Defines politics in how its conducted rather than where it is conducted. Primarily focused on
peaceful negotiations rather than violence.

Politics as power
Broadest definition of politics and is present in all social relations such as the workplace and
family to name a few examples.

2. Define three faces of power

The three faces of power are the Parliament, the judiciary and the executive government.

3. List Heywood’s five key characteristics of a modern state

The five characteristics are that it should have geographically defined territory, it should be in
a position of sovereignty, have monopoly on the use of force, it should have a government
and it should have a population that belongs to the state.

4. What, for Heywood, are the four kinds of state?

The four kinds of state are the idealist state in which the state is seen as a person with a will
of its own, functionalist state which the sees the role of the state described in terms of the
wider social order, the organisational state which shows a separation of powers and lastly the
international state which where the state is viewed as that both within itself and
internationally.

5. Which state is South Africa closest to?

South Africa would be closest to the organisational state because in looking at the definition
of the organisational state, one can see that it very much resembles South Africa in how it is
set up with the set of public institutions that form a collective organisation which oversees
social existence and is funded at public expense.