SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ( PART 2)

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023

Q. 1. (A)

(i) (A) mutation

(ii) (B) cancer

(iii) (D) 9 kcal

(iv) (C) Pseudomonas

(v) (B) 44 XY

Q. 1. (B)

(i) Xylitol

(ii) Phylum : Mollusca E.g. Octopus

(iii) Embryonic stem cells

(iv) False

(v) Testosterone

Q. 2. (A)

(i) 
(1) Duck billed platypus is a connecting link between reptiles and mammals.

(2) The reptilian characters are egg laying habit.

(3) Mammalian character is possession of mammary glands and hairy skin.

(4) Since it shows characters of both these classes, it is called a connecting link.

(ii) (1) Using biofuel is eco-friendly.

(2) It does not cause pollution.

(3) The fuel can be made from discarded biomass. This biomass is plenty and

not exhaustible like fossil fuels.

(4) Biofuels are renewable and green energy.

(iii) (1) Humans have exploited all the natural resources and degraded most of the

ecosystems.

(2) 
He created pollution and degradation due to his urbanization and

industrialization.

(3) He has not protected other species on the earth.

(4) But due to his intelligence and will to conserve the natural resources, he can

restore the lost environment balance.

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023 1

Q. 2. (B)
(i) Pyruvic acid Fatty acids

Acetyl-Co-A

Krebs
cycle

Outer Mitochondrial
membrane Inner membrane matter

Mitochondria and Tri-carboxylic acid cycle

(ii) Some of the main objections raised against Darwin’s theory of natural selection
are as follows :

(1) There are other factors too for evolution and just not the Natural Selection.

(2) Arrival of useful and useless modifications were not explained by Darwin,
though he said about the survival of the fittest.

(3) He has not given any explanation about slow changes and abrupt changes
occurring during evolution.

(iii)

(a) The given animal is Balanoglossus. It belongs to phylum Hemichordata.
(b) (1) Body is divisible into proboscis, collar and trunk. Pharyngeal gill slits
present.
(2) Notochord present in the region of proboscis.

(iv) 

(1) Saving human life from disasters. Helping them to move away from the place
of disasters.
(2) Essential commodities to be supplied to the affected people.
(3) To bring back the conditions to normalcy.
(4) Rehabilitation of the affected and displaced victims.
(5) 
Protective measures for future in order to develop capability to face the
disasters in future.

(Write any two objectives)

(v) 

Cancerous ulceration

Destruction of Harmful effects of radioactive Genetic

body tissues pollutants on humans changes

Vision affected adversely

2 SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023

Q. 3.
(i) (a) Asymmetry : Sponge, Amoeba, Paramoecium.
(b) Radial symmetry : Starfish, sea anemone, sea cucumber.
(c) 
Bilateral symmetry : Fishes, frog, birds, mammals.
(ii) 
The types of Biodiversity : Biodiversity is documented on the following three
levels, viz. genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.
(1) Genetic Diversity : Diversity seen among the organisms of same species due

to genetic differences is called genetic diversity. E.g. The individual human
beings are different from each other. No two animals or plants are exactly alike.
(2) Species Diversity : The difference between the different species is called the
species diversity. E.g. All the species of plants, animals and microbes which
are seen in any natural environment.
(3) Ecosystem Diversity : In one region there may be different ecosystems, such
diversity in the ecosystems is called ecosystem diversity. Ecosystems are natural
or artificial. Every region shows different types of ecosystems such as aquatic,
terrestrial, desert or forest ecosystems. Each ecosystem has its own habitats
with resident flora and fauna.
(iii)
Sr. No. Body Constituents Proteins/Amino Acids
1. Blood Hemoglobin/Antibodies
2. Bones Ossein
3. Skin Melanin/Keratin
4. Pancreas Insulin
5. Muscle Actin/Myosin
6. Cell Various proteins of cell membrane

(iv) 
(1) Correct arrangement of the given diagrams is  :
B  E  D  A  C
(2) Blanks :
(B) : Isolation of desired gene from human pathogen
(E) : Transgenic plant virus
(v) (a)

Fuel Boiler for conversion of Steam Electrical

Generator
Coal water to steam turbine energy

System for converting

steam back to water

(b)

Chemical Kinetic Kinetic

Thermal Electrical
energy in energy in energy in
energy energy
coal steam turbine

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023 3

 (vi) 
Different types of breads are produced from flour of cereals. Dough is formed by
mixing of baker’s yeast – Saccharomyces cerevisiae, water, salt and other necessary
materials with flour. Due to fermentation of carbohydrates by yeast, sugar is
converted into carbon dioxide and ethanol. Dough rises up due to CO2 and the
bread becomes spongy. Bread and other products produced with the help of yeast
become nutritive.
(vii)
National Disaster Management
authority
Organizations providing
precautionary warning

Other Social/Private
Chairman : Prime Minister

organizations
State disaster management authority
Chairman : Chief Minister

District disaster management authority

Chairman : Collector

Taluka disaster management authority

System involved
Chairman : Tahsildar
in actual rescue
General public and
Village level Committee
rehabilitation
Chairman : Sarpanch
work

(viii)
(a) Advantages of hydroelectric power plant :

(1) 
Hydroelectric power generation does not need burning of fuels. Therefore,
there is no problem regarding combustion of fuels and release of toxic
pollutants.
(2) Electricity can be obtained as and when required if there is enough water in
the reservoir.
(3) Water is replenished every time when there is sufficient rainfall.
Problems associated with hydroelectric power plant :
(1) Many villages and settlements are submerged when a dam and reservoir is
constructed. The displaced people are given re-settlement, but it causes lot
of emotional trauma to people.
(2) 
Biodiversity is affected as forest lands are submerged. The river flow is
obstructed by the dam which affects the aquatic organisms residing in such
water.
(3) Due to excessive pressure of water on land, it is said that the region gets
prone to earthquakes.
(b) In some respects hydroelectric power plant is eco-friendly but in some aspects

it is having problems.

4 SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023

Q. 4.
 (i) (a) At the time of birth there are about 2 to 4 million of immature oocytes in the ovary
of female foetus.
(b) Ovulation : Bursting of mature ovarian follicle under the influence of hormones
to release the oocyte is called ovulation.
(c) Menopause : Stoppage of functioning of female reproductive system due to lack

of synthesis of hormones due to advancing age is called menopause.
(d) Female reproductive system :

Oviduct

(i) Ovary
(ii) Uterus

Vagina

Human female reproductive system

(e)

 (i) Ovary

(ii) Uterus

(ii) (a) 
Education
Water Financial status
Factors affecting
the Social Health
Residential areas Toilets
Gardens

(b)

 (i) In one way, the picture looks proper as the beggar may be causing inconvenience
to the people in that house. He is unhygienic and may spread the infection.
   But from the humanitarian point of view, he may be needing help. He may
be starving. He may be sick. In such a case, he should be given food and help.
(ii) 
The picture shown is of cybercrime of some kind, such as hacking of
information or cheating the consumers.
   The criminal should be punished according to the law against cybercrime.
There is provision of imprisonment for three years and a fine of up to 5 lakh
rupees.

SOLUTION TO BOARD’S ACTIVITY SHEET : JULY 2023 5