Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi

National High School Students

Manuel Abratiguin

Mae Ann Ambaic

Charmae Arguelles

John Lorence Bongabong

Estifany Guzman

Prunela Eulanda Jadol

Jauxienne Jamero

Kirby Rimas

Arnel Lara

Queen Love Tante

Richelle Tribunalo

The Researchers

ARGIE JOY MARIE G. AMPOL

Practical Research II Teacher

In Partial Fulfillment

Of the Requirements of

Practical Research 2

April 2024
 APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper entitled “Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease

Academic Procrastination among Gabi National High School Students”, prepared and
submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of research project has been examined and
is recommended for acceptance and approval for ORAL EXAMINATION.

RESEARCH COMMITTEE

VANESSA T. ROA MARICEL T. PICCIO

Teacher II Teacher II

ARGIE JOY MARIE G. AMPOL GEAH LEE J. MIGUEL

Teacher II Teacher II

Approved by:

AMPARO H. JAMIO CRISANTO F. LASCUÑA

Teacher II/SHS Academic Head Master Teacher I/JHS Academic Head

JANET M. GO
School Principal II
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research will not be turned into an actual body of knowledge without the help and
support of many individuals.The researchers would also like to thank their Practical Research
teacher Mrs.Argie Joy Marie G. Ampol for her great contribution to make this study
successful. The researchers would also like to express their gratitude towards their families
for all the support,morally and financially,for the motivation, and encouragement that helped
them greatly that lead to the completion of this paper.For all the favors that they have given
to the proponents of this research ,they truly and deeply appreciated those . Furthermore, the
researchers would also like to show appreciation and gratitude to the School, Gabi National
High School where they belong and for providing them this one-of-a-kind experience and
opportunity - to conduct the study of their concern. All glory and honor are acknowledged to
our Lord and savior who had provided the life, strength,and all the necessities in this world.
All of this will not be possible if it was not because of your grace and mercy that saved us all
from the sins.May you continue to shower your love to us unto the eternity.
ABSTRACT
 TABLES OF CONTENTS

PAGES

CHAPTER 1 1-10

Background of the Research Innovation 1- 2

Research [Statement of the] Problem 3

Research Objectives 4

Significance of the Study 5

Limitation of the Study 6

Delimitation/Scope of the Study 7

Literature Review 8-10

CHAPTER 2 11-17

Research Design Categories 11

Strategies of Inquiry 12-13

The Population and Sample ( Data Source) 14-15

Data Analysis 16

Cost and Time Schedule 17

 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH INNOVATION

The study focuses on academic procrastination among high school students,

emphasizing those at Gabi National High School. Academic procrastination refers to
delaying academic tasks like studying and assignments, with detrimental effects on academic
performance and well-being. It is a common problem among school students, and many have
to deal with it at almost every stage of their education because of the negative consequences,
such as academic anxiety, academic failure and decreased well-being (Kaus, 2022) .

The literature highlights the gap in innovative advocacy strategies to combat academic
procrastination among high school students at Gabi National High School. Current
interventions do not cater to the unique challenges of this student group, emphasizing the
need for tailored approaches and further research on effective advocacy methods. Academic
procrastination negatively impacts academic performance, motivation, and mental health,
underscoring the importance of addressing these issues for the overall success and well-being
of students and the community. Level of procrastination refers to the degree to which an
individual delays or avoids tasks or activities they need to accomplish. It can be measured on
a scale, ranging from low to high, indicating how much someone tends to put off tasks
(2019).

The study proposes the development of a tailored advocacy program called "Just in
Time" to tackle academic procrastination among Gabi National High School students. This
program will offer innovative strategies and support systems to help students overcome
procrastination and cultivate effective study habits. The initiative addresses the specific
challenges at the school and the lack of targeted interventions for procrastination. By
fostering improved academic performance, time management skills, motivation, and overall

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well-being, the program benefits students, teachers, parents, and the community. In
combating academic procrastination, "Just in Time" aims to create a more successful student
body with lasting positive effects on individuals and society.

2
 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

RESEARCH [STATEMENT OF THE] PROBLEM

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of Just in Time program among
senior high school students. This study aims to manage their time effectively, being more
productive, overcoming procrastination, enhancing their academic performance and self
efficiency.

1. What are the effects of procrastination among the students academic performance?

2. How effective is the strategies presented in the project?

3. How does time management applicable to a student?

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of Just in Time program among
senior high school students. This study aims to manage their time effectively, being more
productive, overcoming procrastination, enhancing their academic performance and self
efficiency.

The study proposes the development of a tailored advocacy program called "Just in
Time" to tackle academic procrastination among Gabi National High School students. This
program will offer innovative strategies and support systems to help students overcome
procrastination and cultivate effective study habits. The initiative addresses the specific
challenges at the school and the lack of targeted interventions for procrastination. By
fostering improved academic performance, time management skills, motivation, and overall
well-being, the program benefits students, teachers, parents, and the community. In
combating academic procrastination, "Just in Time" aims to create a more successful student
body with lasting positive effects on individuals and society.

4
 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Procrastination is a relatively old phenomenon, as psychologist William James already

recognized the emotional cost of generated in people who suffered from it more than 120
years ago. Lay pointed out that procrastination considers importance to the individual whose
action is being post.poned, while Milgram Meytal, and Levison discussed whether the
performance of task is voluntary or imposed, and Steel wondered whether the person is
aware of the negative consequences of this postponement. This study will present evidence
on, and add to the existing knowledge about the effects of procrastination. The current study
extends the research on deadline conditions and procrastination by investigating their
interaction effect which has been considered in previous studies. The findings of this study
may provide scientifically driven evidence to inform or support a decision about the kinds of
deadline condition that work best for high, medium, or low procrastinators. Results of this
study may also serve as the basis for further research on deadline conditions and
procrastination in the school. The research findings will have potentially important
implications for decision-makers to make the right choice of deadline condition of the
students. The research may also provide specific guidance for online. Instructions to
implement deadlines in a more proper and efficient way to improve students' ability.

5
 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The limitation in this research Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic
Procrastination among Gabi National High School Students, every research study has
limitations and the researchers are well aware of the nuances of research. Limited scope, this
is due to constraints such as time, budget and resources. Lack of time may cause an
incompletion of the research study. Shortage of budget causes the absence of resources,
because some resources need to be brought. Measurement errors, it can occur when the data
is misinterpreted or due to a human error. It happened in the Pilot Testing where the
questionnaire was manipulated by the respondents. But everything is now under control and
the researchers are now taking actions about it. Respondents are not listening to the speaker
is one of the limitations in implementing this research study. Some may not listen to the
speaker due to the boredom and the speaker might tackle some subjects that aren't related to
the main topic. It can cause useless interpretation since no one is listening. Unpreparedness,
not being able to prepare is a very crucial weakness in research study, everything should be
prepared ahead of time to prevent any circumstances that may affect the program.

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

SCOPE/DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The research Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination

among Gabi National High School Students has its own delimitation. The respondents are
selected in grade 11 and 12 students in Gabi National High School, we picked the
respondents because senior high school students already have a prior knowledge about
procrastination and all we have to do is to dig deeper about procrastination and provide
strategies to overcome procrastination. Quantitative research design is the most suitable
research design for this study, because we will be going to do likert scale on our
questionnaires. The literatures we found are the only literature that is applicable and relatable
to our research study. Knowing that the issue procrastination has a very uncommon literature
nowadays, the year that is printed in the literature is far from today's year 2024.

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.Literature review- Procrastination is independent variable, academic performance is

dependent variable, social media is moderator and time management is mediator. There is a
significant relationship between procrastination and academic performance because when
students leave there tasks for last minute of deadline they tend to face failure. There are two
type of procrastination i.e. passive and active procrastination. Active procrastination is the
purposeful delay to do a task(Pinxten et al., 2019). Active procrastination contributed to goal
attainment within a two-week deadline, while passive procrastination did not. Participants
having high active procrastination have dependable temperament, and well-developed
character and higher emotional intelligence. Active procrastination is planned, purposeful
time-management and self-management strategy(Zohar, Shimone, & Hen, 2019). Passive
procrastination is the voluntary delay to accomplish a task (Dobson, 2017). Academic
performance is our grades and achievements which we attain while studying. Academic
performance is the assessment of extent to which an individual has achieved an educational
goal(Vedel & Poropat, 2017). Academic performance is indirectly related to procrastination
people who tend to procrastinate less have better academic performance than ones who
procrastinate more. Active procrastinators achieve more academic goals than passive
procrastinators. Social media(WhatsApp, Facebook & Instagram) are commonly used by
every individual nowadays from children to old age people Time management

8
2.1. Procrastination and academic performance- The use of motivational regulation strategies
overall and individually has significant, positive indirect effect of student academic
performance(Grunschel, Schwinger, Steinmayr, & Fries, 2016). Passive procrastination is
detrimental to students' GPA(Kim & Soe, 2015; Steel et al., 2001). When passive
procrastinators delay the course of action they except to be worse off due to that delay(Kim,
Fernandez, & Terrier, 2016). Higher procrastinators wants to have immediate rewards over
delayed or bigger rewards as compared to lower procrastinators (Wu et al., 2016). Higher
procrastinators are low on academic achievement and low achievement reduced academic
performance (Wäschle et al. 2014)

2.2. Time management and academic performance- University grades are strongly influenced
by time management and it is a special role in traditional educational setting(Britton &
Tesser, 1991; Trueman & Hartley, 1996). Managing time successfully is directly related to
academic performance (Balduf, 2009). There is an important relationship between time
management and academic performance of student(Cemaloglu & Filiz, 2010). Students
spend their time in social media and subsequently have lower CGPAs (Karpinski, 2009).

2.3. Time management and procrastination- One who does not manages time wisely tends to
procrastinate (Noran, 2000). There is a positive relationship between time management and
procrastination (Eerde, 2015). Time management predicts academic performance negatively
(Shih, 2017). Even when a longer time period of a deadline is given to accomplish a task,
university students still procrastinate and have negative effect on their assignments(Alfonso,
Penaranda, Vicente, & Jimenez, 2018).

9
2.4. social media and academic performance -Student use social media as a helping tool in
studies but it socially affect their studies badly (Kausar & Ghafoor, 2018). Social media
remains a major distraction of current generation (Karpinski & Duberstein, 2009). Social
media users of experience poor academic performance (Khan U, 2009). There is no
statistically significant relationship between social media and academic performance
(Doleck, Lajoie, & Baizlais, 2018).

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH DESIGN CATEGORIES

The research design category for this research study is quantitative It provides and an
objective framework where numerical data analyzed. This data can then used to identify
pattern and make generalizations based on can be statistical analysis. The l data collected is
reliable because the data is specific numerical. It also allows for a broad overview of a large
amount of data. This helps understand trends, relationships between variables, and predicting
future trends. Quantitative research often involves large sample sizes to ensure the results
statistically significant.

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

STRATEGIES OF INQUIRY

Admit that you are procrastinating.

By admit that you are procrastinator you will be able to unders nswer this questions, is this
helpful, is this reasonable / unreasonable to be a procrastinator. Also you can cease the area
where you procrastinate or you will be able to lesson your ego by admitting that you are a
procrastinator.

Set Little Goals

The valve of goals lies in the direction and purpose they provide. when we set a goal, we are
giving ourselves a target to strive for. Holding into that and result lead to a more structured
and purposeful life. By giving me become more ourselves goals to walk towards, days
become more meaningful and productive without a clear goal. It is difficult to generate a
plan. And without a plan, It is likely who will no be as efficient.

Set schedules

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Scheduling is the art of planning your activities that you can achieve your goals and priorities
in the time you have valuable. When it dare effectively, It helps you understand what you can
realistically achieve with you time. Make sure you have enough time for essential tasks.

Eliminate distractions

Eliminating distraction is important to Stay focused. you can't get your most important work
done if you can't stay focused. To stay focused, it's important to eliminate the distraction that
cause you to lose focus and concentration.

Reward Your Self

Reward of the self are rewards that make us feel good about ourselves, such as achieving a
goal or mastering a skill.

Maintain and developed this habits.

By maintaining and developing this habit can play multiple aspect of you life including
mental and physical health, productivity, relationship, and self esteem.

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

THE POPULATION AND SAMPLE (DATA SOURCES )

The population and sample, explains that a thorough understanding of the data sources
is crucial or drawing accurate conclusions and making valid generalizations. The respondents
will be fifty (50) in total. Ten (10) grade 12 students and forty (40) grade 11 students,
considering that the grade 12 students will also be busy, because they are also implementing
their innovations or programs. Convenience sampling will be used in this research, just what
is mentioned above, those who are available in this grade levels, they are our respondents.
Collecting data will be through surveys, in-person interviews using the likert scales. This
program will offer innovative strategies and support systems to help students overcome
procrastination and cultivate effective study habits. The general plan for collecting data
would be the following;

1. Survey Design: Determining the structure and format of your survey. Consider the order
of the questions and the flow of the survey to ensure clarity.

2. Research Objectives: Clearly define the research objectives and ensure that the survey
questions align with these objectives. Each question should contribute to gathering data that
helps answer the research questions or test the hypotheses.

3. Sampling Method: Determining the sampling method to select participants for the
survey. Plan the procedures for reaching out to potential participants.

14
4. Sample Size: Calculate the appropriate sample size needed to achieve statistical power
and precision.

5.Question Development: Develop clear and concise survey questions that are easy for
participants to understand. Avoid leading or biased questions that may influence participants'
responses.

6. Response Options: Determine the response options for each question. Ensure that the
response options cover the full range of possible responses.

7. Timeline: Developing a timeline for survey administration. Determine the start and end
dates for data collection, as well as any intermediate milestones.

8.Data Management: Plan for data management procedures. Decide how the survey
responses will be collected, stored, and organized.

9.Informed Consent: Develop a clear and concise informed consent statement that explains
the purpose of the survey and the voluntary nature of participation.

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 Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi
National High School Students

DATA ANALYSIS

The study "Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among
Gabi National High School Students" focuses on addressing the issue of academic
procrastination among high school students through an innovative advocacy program. The
researcher's precise intention is to evaluate the effectiveness of this advocacy program in
reducing procrastination behavior and improving academic outcomes among the students. By
conducting a quantitative data analysis, the researcher aims to assess the impact of the
program on procrastination tendencies, academic performance, and overall well-being of the
participants. In terms of data processing and analysis, the researcher intends to use
quantitative techniques to analyze the collected data. The selection of quantitative analysis
aligns with the research objective of evaluating the effectiveness of the advocacy program in
reducing academic procrastination. The justification behind choosing quantitative analysis
techniques lies in their ability to provide numerical insights into the relationships between
variables such as procrastination behavior, academic performance, and program effective.
These procedures are accurately selected and are relevant to achieving the research objective
of assessing the impact of the advocacy program on academic procrastination among high
school students. Descriptive Analysis will offer a comprehensive overview of the data
collected, while Correlation Analysis will help identify relationships between variables like
procrastination behavior and academic performance. Regression Analysis, on the other hand,
will allow for the investigation of factors influencing procrastination tendencies among the
students. These analysis tools are appropriate for the data type and nature of the study,

16
enabling the researcher to draw meaningful conclusions about the effectiveness of the
advocacy program in addressing academic procrastination.

Just in Time: Innovative Advocacy to Cease Academic Procrastination among Gabi

National High School Students

COST AND TIME SCHEDULE

RESEARCH PARTS TIME DURATION

Preliminaries 4 hours

Background of the. Research 9 hours

Innovation

Reseach (Statement of the) Problem 5 hours

Significance of the Study 2 hours

Limitations of the Study 5 hours

Delimitations/Scope of the Study 3 hours

Literature Review 6 hours

Research Design Categories 2 hours 15 minutes

Strategies of Inquiry 10 hours

The Population and Sample ( data 3 hours

sources)

Data Analysis 4 hours 30 minutes

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Total: 53 hours 45 minutes

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