Ingles III Booklet

DEPARTAMENTO: DIRECCIÓN DE
PEDAGOGÍA UNIVERSITARIA
ASIGNATURA: INGLÉS NIVEL III
CÓDIGO DE ASIGNATURA: 903
Diseño de material:
Prof. Cecilia de la Orden
Prof. Verónica Mailhes
Prof. Paola Marchegiani
Prof. Christian Minniti
Prof. Andrea Prado
Prof. Mariana Sanjurjo
Prof. Ana Claudia Saraceni
“To teach is to touch a life forever”
Thank you, Dr Efraín Davis for your everlasting teaching touch!

INGLÉS III
CONTENTS
Unit 1 – Finding the Right Place to Work 3
Section 1 – Let’s Recall: Work Environments 3
Video watching 3
Grammar Stop: Describing Working Environments 7
Virtual Work – Preparation for Oral Intervention 1 8
Section 2 – Before The Job Interview 11
Part A: Introduction 11
Part B: Two important questions to prepare before a job interview 13
Question 1: What do you know about the company? 14
Grammar Stop: How to speak about your knowledge of a company 16
Question 2: What can you tell us about yourself? 17
Grammar Stop: Useful Expressions to Describe an Applicant’s Profile 21
Grammar Stop: The Present Perfect Tense 22
Virtual Work – Oral Intervention 2 23
Section 3 – Short Story 24
Action Will Be Taken (Part 1) 24
Section 4 – Academic Literacy 31
Section 5 – Extra Practice 38
Unit 2 – The Job Interview 44
Section 1 – Questions in a Job Interview 44
Grammar Stop: Questions 45
Grammar Stop: Tenses Used During a Job Interview 48
Grammar Stop: Tenses Used During a Job Interview (Continuation) 51
Section 2 – Short Story 54
Action will be taken (Part 2) 54
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Action Will Be Taken, by Heinrich Böll (Part 2) 56
Getting ready for Oral Intervention 3 58
Unit 3 – Problem Solving Skills: How to demonstrate them at an interview 79
Section 1 – Why are problem solving skills so revelant to be hired? 79
GRAMMAR STOP: How to ask and answer hypothetical problem solving

questions 81
Making Suppositions about the Present 82
Section 2 – The S.T.A.R. Model 84
GRAMMAR STOP: How to Organise Your Answer to a Problem-solving

Question during a Job Interview 87
Past Continuous 87
Past Simple 89
Past Perfect 90
Passive Voice 91
GRAMMAR STOP: Connectors 91
Practice for the Second Exam 94
Practice for the Second Exam 103
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UNIT 1 – FINDING THE RIGHT PLACE

TO WORK
SECTION 1 – LET’S RECALL: WORK ENVIRONMENTS
VIDEO WATCHING
Before watching
1. Look at these pictures on Google. What is the work environment like
at this company? Would you say it is positive or negative?
2. Choose words and phrases from the box to describe each picture.
What words and phrases would you discard and why?
strict timetables – strict dress codes-rewards for exceptional performance –

free discussion of ideas-different working styles – enclosed cubicles –
cooperation – teamwork – isolated employees – benefits – punishment for
failure – submission – flexible work hours – the latest technological resources
– mutual feedback – time to socialize – competition
1 2
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3 4
5 6
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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While watching
3. Watch the following video about Google (Google HQ Tour Bay Area)
and decide if your predictions in exercise 1 are right. Take down
notes of key items which justify your opinion.
a. __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
4. Watch the video again and tick ( ) the sections mentioned.
The work environment at Google
The company
Facilities
Perks
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How they learn
Type of job
How they work
The workmates
The bosses
5. Watch it for the last time and complete the chart using the information
from the previous activities.
After watching
1. Based on previous data, we are ready to describe the working
environment at Google. Choose the correct option in each case:
Google is a 1growing company / developed company. The work environment

in Google seems to be 2stressful /very competitive / friendly. There are 3no /
many facilities for the employees. They work 4in teams / alone and they use 5
technology / meeting offices, to work. They work in 6open offices / closed

cubicles where it is easy to share ideas. They probably have 7time to socialize
/ no contact as 8there are / there aren’t frequent breaks. The company 9doesn’t
have / has a strict dress code. 10Therefore / However, the employees wear
casual clothes. The company also 11offer / offers rewards for exceptional
performance.
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GRAMMAR STOP: DESCRIBING WORKING ENVIRONMENTS

Go back to the description and underline the different structures that are used to
describe a working environment.
HOW TO DESCRIBE WORKING ENVIRONMENTS

See how the different elements were used in the descriptions:
THIS IS + name of company
● This is Google.
THERE IS / ARE + facilities
● There is no meeting room.
THE JOB IS + type of job
● The job is challenging.
THE BOSS IS + characteristic
● The boss is demanding.
THE MATES ARE + characteristic
● They are collaborative.
THE COMPANY OFFERS / GIVES + perks
● The company gives a bonus to the best employee.
THE EMPLOYEE(S) WEAR(S) + outfit
● They wear uniforms and helmets.
NOTICE!
To define or describe a place we are talking about, we introduce the new
information using where.
● Google is a company where free meals, games and services are served
to create a pleasant environment for employees. It encourages them to be
motivated every day.
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VIRTUAL WORK – PREPARATION FOR ORAL INTERVENTION 1

Video Time: “Purl”, a Short Film
Follow this link Purl | Pixar SparkShorts - YouTube, watch the video and
solve these activities.
FIRST WATCHING
1. Put these ideas in order so as to end up with a summary of the story.
Remember to follow the chronological order of events.
Order
Before leaving for the bar, Purl sees a new employee called Lacy.
Purl befriends Lacy and invites her to join them for drinks.
Purl, a pink ball of yarn, begins an entry level position at a company

named B.R.O. Capital.
Purl changes her appearance and personality to imitate her male co-
workers.
Purl finally returns to her original appearance.
After starting to wear a suit like her co-workers, Purl is noticed by them
and is invited out for drinks.
B.R.O. Capital staffs a more equal combination of humans and balls of
yarn. They all work together as a team.
Purl’s partners, who are all men, ignore her.
Purl watches Lacy experience the same isolation she did by her co-
workers.
Purl eventually realizes that the company is composed entirely of men
who have similar hairstyles and wear similar power suits.
Purl tries to fit in but fails.
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VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
2. Match the words and phrases which are highlighted in the previous
exercise with their meaning. There is an EXTRA definition!
A Befriend 1 To supply with workers.
The condition of being alone, especially when

B Yarn 2
this makes you feel unhappy.
Entry level A suit characterized by sharp cuts, wide

C 3
position shoulder pads, and a stiff rigidity.
D Staff (verb) 4 Take or follow as a model.
E Isolation 5 At the lowest level in an employment hierarchy.
Be socially compatible with other members of

F Power suit 6
the group.
G Fit in 7 Become a friend to someone.
Spun thread used for knitting, weaving or

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sewing.
A ______ B ______ C ______ D ______
E ______ F ______ G ______
3. Read the sentences again. Can you discover what the missing word
is?
_______________________________________________________________
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SECOND WATCHING
4. Choose adjectives from the box to describe Purl, Purl’s co-workers
and B.R.O. Capital.
big, large, major, medium-sized, small
caring, sympathetic, friendly, unfriendly, indifferent
selfish, uncooperative, helpful, arrogant, hostile, self-confident, polite, impolite
Purl Purl's co-workers B.R.O. capital
FINAL WATCHING
5. Watch the video again and answer these questions:
a. What type of work environment does B.R.O Capital have?

b. In what way/s are Purl and Lacy different from the rest of the employees?
c. Why is the main character called “Purl? Why is the company called
“B.R.O.” Capital?
d. Do you think Purl is discriminated against in some way? Why/ When?
e. Why are Purl and Lacy portrayed as “balls of yarn”? What stereotype about
women can be seen in the story?
f. What is the moral/ message of the story? Why do you think so?
You can watch this video to find more ideas on how to speak about
discrimination and stereotypes: Preparation for Oral Intervention 1
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SECTION 2 – BEFORE THE JOB INTERVIEW
PART A: INTRODUCTION
1. Look at these cartoons. Can you describe what happens in each of them?
Have you ever experienced what the cartoons show?
1 2
3 4
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5 6
2. Based on your observations, complete these ideas.
a. All the cartoons show what can happen during a _________________________.

b. __________ people are typically involved in a ________________________.
The person who asks the questions is called the ________________________.
The interviewee is the person who ________________________ the questions.
c. The topics that are frequently asked in a ________________________ can
include _________________________________________________________.
d. In cartoon 1, ____________________________________________________.
e. The topic being asked in cartoon 2 is __________________________________.
f. In cartoon 3, the interviewer is interested in _____________________________.
g. If you are asked the question from cartoon 4, you should __________________
_______________________________________________________________.
h. The applicant from cartoon 5 will probably not get the job because __________
_______________________________________________________________.
i. The applicant from cartoon 6 is crying because __________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
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PART B: TWO IMPORTANT QUESTIONS TO PREPARE BEFORE

A JOB INTERVIEW
A job interview may have different moments. There are two topics that are usually
discussed at the beginning of the interview and that all applicants should prepare
BEFORE going to it. In this section, we will focus on these two issues. Read the
text and identify the two topics:
Things to Do Before Your Interview
An employer will invite you for an interview if they believe that you have the skills
to succeed at their company. In the interview, they will seek to evaluate your
genuine interest in the company and the role, your preparedness for the position,
and your potential to add value to their team. Below, you will find suggestions on
how to prepare for the interview and demonstrate that you are the best
professional for the position.
Preparing for Your Interview
A - RESEARCH THE COMPANY AND INDUSTRY
INTERVIEW QUESTION: WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE COMPANY?
We often hear from employers that candidates do not know enough about their
companies when they interview. Employers estimate how interested you are by
how much you know about their organization.
Find out as much as you can about the position, company, and industry.
● Learn about current trends and events that might impact your future
employer.
● Review the organization’s website and social media activity.
● Make sure that you reread the job description and can communicate why
you would be a good fit for the position.
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B - IDENTIFY YOUR GOALS AND SKILLS
INTERVIEW QUESTION: WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT YOURSELF?
It is important to have a purpose in mind and communicate it to the employer. You

will need to be able to show that you can meet the company’s needs.
● Think about how the combination of your work experience, personal

qualities, and academic or co-curricular activities make you uniquely qualified for
the position.
● Describe the skills in your resume.
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from:
https://www.careereducation.columbia.edu/resources/things-do-during-
and-after-your-interview
QUESTION 1: WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE COMPANY?

Most job ads include important information about the company. Candidates
should pay close attention to this information since it can help them answer this
question.
Let’s look at a Google job ad. Underline the information you think is relevant to
speak about the company. Then use the prompts to formulate a possible answer:
Program Manager, Human Resources, Google Public Sector
● In-office: Mountain View, CA, USA
Qualifications:
● Bachelor's degree or equivalent practical experience.

● 12 years of experience in project or program management and 12 years
of experience in Human Resources (HR) Operations.
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● Domain knowledge/expertise/experience in the US public sector, security

clearances, and/or personnel compliance management.
● Excellent consultative skills, with the ability to assess problems from
multiple angles.
● Excellent communication and collaboration skills, with the ability to
navigate ambiguous situations.
● Excellent judgment on sensitive, complex, and cross-functional issues.
About the job
Google's known for our innovative technologies, products and services -- and for
the people behind them. Whether you are making our staffing systems more
efficient, planning for our growth, building relationships on college campuses or
cultivating the next generation of computer scientists, you have an eye on the
staffing needs of Google and the broader hiring landscape. You are focused on
cultivating outstanding candidates for Google's long-term hiring needs, and work
across a cross-functional and international group of staffing teams. You are both
scrappy and resourceful, creative and driven -- and excited to share the magic of
working at Google.
As a Program Manager, you'll work within a complex broad scope. In this role
you'll help Google Public Sector Human Resources and the People Partner team
move faster, make better decisions, and provide better services, products, and
experiences for our clients.
Great just isn't good enough for our People Operations team (known elsewhere
as "Human Resources"). We bring the world's most innovative people to Google
and provide the programs that help them thrive. Whether recruiting the next
Googler, refining our core programs, developing talent, or simply looking for ways
to inject some more fun into the lives of our Googlers, we bring a data-driven
approach that is reinventing the human resources field. You’ll play an essential
role advancing a more diverse, accessible, equitable, and inclusive Google
through our hiring, promotion, retention, and inclusion practices.
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The US base salary range for this full-time position is $149,000-$236,000 + bonus
+ equity + benefits. Our salary ranges are determined by role, level, and location.
The range displayed on each job posting reflects the minimum and maximum
target for new hire salaries for the position across all US locations. Within the
range, individual pay is determined by work location and additional factors,
including job-related skills, experience, and relevant education or training.
Responsibilities
● Run core operations and business cadence.

● Integrate cross-functional services and teams in service to clients.
● Lead strategic projects and short-term searches to analyze and solve
larger scale business and organizational problems.
● Facilitate communication and decision-making.
Google is proud to be an equal opportunity workplace and is an affirmative action

employer. We are committed to equal employment opportunity regardless of
race, color, ancestry, religion, sex, national origin, sexual orientation, age,
citizenship, marital status, disability, gender identity or Veteran status. We also
consider qualified applicants regardless of criminal histories, consistent with legal
requirements.
GRAMMAR STOP: HOW TO SPEAK ABOUT YOUR KNOWLEDGE

OF A COMPANY
● X is/has been ranked…
● X is a well-established company that specializes in…
● X is a fast-growing company with branches in many Latin American
countries.
● X is looking for a sales specialist for the position of…
● The company’s culture favours…
● X is known for its…
● X is renowned for being…
● X is a place where…
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Now, answer the question: What do you know about Google? (You can also
use the vocabulary and structures from section 1).
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
QUESTION 2: WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT YOURSELF?
1. Read this text. Do you agree?
How to Make a Good Impression at a Job Interview
The most important part of a job interview is the beginning. That’s when you have
an opportunity to make a great impression—or a poor one—on your interviewer.
In one study, more than 30% of hiring managers decided whether to hire a
candidate during the first five minutes of a job interview.
Even if you encounter one of the 70% of hiring managers who take more time
than that, it’s still important to set a good tone during the first minutes of a job
interview.
So… How can we make the best first impression? How can we answer the
question “What can you tell us about you?” in the correct way?
We will listen to an expert about this topic who will share some key tips.
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Before watching
2. In your opinion, how does a job interview start? Read and mark the
best option.
What value could you bring to the company?
What are you bringing to the table?
Tell me about yourself
Why do you want this job?
Tell us about your strengths.
Watch the first part of the video and check your prediction.
1st Part: Tell Me About Yourself - A Good Answer To This Interview Question
Is he a confident candidate? Why? Why not?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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First viewing (from 02:05 to 09:09)
Dan Lok is a Chinese-Canadian business magnate and global educator best

known for being the founder and chairman of Closers.com.
2nd Part: Tell Me About Yourself - A Good Answer To This Interview Question
3. Watch the second part of his video and select:

a. When you are asked to tell the interviewer about yourself,
● Don’t include your life story.
● Include your life story.
b. “Tell me about yourself” _______________ as a synonym for what value
you could bring to the company.
● Must be seen
● Mustn’t be seen
c. The presenter shares _______________ about how to be your best self.
● An example
● Some examples
d. This presenter offers a formula called S's to organize the best answer to
the “tell me about yourself” question. That is:
● situation – success – strength
● success – situation – strength
● success – strength – situation
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Second viewing (from 05:41 to 09:09)
3rd Part: Tell Me About Yourself - A Good Answer To This Interview Question
4. Let's watch the S's Formula for the 2nd time. Complete the blanks
with just one word.
SUCCESS: “I’ve been...” or “My b_______________ is...”

I have been doing social m_______________ for the last t_______________
years. I specialize in helping companies and entrepreneurs growing their
Facebook fan page... And in the last 3 years alone, I have helped
d______________ of clients in over ten industries and, on average, I’ve been
able to help clients to increase their fan pages. In fact, I’ve listed some of those
c _______________ that I’ve worked with in the reference letter.
STRENGTH: “My strength is…” “My r_______________ strength is. . .”
My real strength is my a_______________ to truly understand what your
audience wants.
SITUATION: “What I am looking for is...”
What I am looking for is a c_______________ that I could add value to, that I
could produce a positive r_______________ on investment for.
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5. Match based on previous activities. Careful: there is an extra option.
You mention work related abilities you need to

1 SUCCESS
do the job.
It is the practice you need to improve your

2 STRENGTH *
answers.
It is how your success and your strength apply in

3 SITUATION
the new job opportunity.
You demonstrate the skills gained through

experience.
* Let’s recall how to talk about your strength.
GRAMMAR STOP: USEFUL EXPRESSIONS TO DESCRIBE AN

APPLICANT’S PROFILE
Do you remember the structures you learned in English II to describe
traits and skills?
PERSON + BE+ ADJ

● I am creative and committed to work hard.
PERSON + BE + A/AN+ ADJ + NOUN
● I am an excellent communicator because …
● I am a responsible person.
● If I am hired, I can be an efficient assistant as ….
PERSON + BE GOOD AT+ ING
● I am good at dealing with people due to….
● I am good at solving problems because…
PERSON + FIND+ IT+ EASY+ TO INFINITIVE
● I find it easy to accept different opinions
● I find it easy to lead teams.
PERSON+ HAVE + EXPERIENCE/DEGREE
● I have 12 years of experience in the area.
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GRAMMAR STOP: THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Let’s consider the SUCCESS extract
The applicant includes details about the skills gained in previous experiences.
Which language carrier is used for this purpose? Can you find it?
I have been doing social media for the last 3 years. I specialize in helping
companies. I have helped dozens of clients in over ten countries and, on average,
I've been able to help clients to increase their fan pages. In fact, I've listed some
of those clients that I've worked with in the reference letter.
This tense is called Present Perfect. It is used when we are talking about our
experiences and achievements up to the present. It is formed from the present
tense of the verb have and the past participle of a verb. These actions
happened in a moment in the past, but it is unimportant when these things
happened as that is not the focus at all.
SUBJECT + HAS / HAVE + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE
When you use the Present Perfect, the focus is on the experience itself. The
listener or reader won't know when the action happened in the past, just that it
did.
For example, if you would like to say you worked as an assistant in the Marketing
area before, but you don't want to specify when it was, you would use the Present
Perfect, as in "I have worked as an assistant in Marketing in ABC company".
A good way to distinguish when to use either tense is by asking yourself what you
are trying to communicate:
Is it a specific experience with past reference? → Use the Past Simple.

Is it an experience that happened in the past, but the time references are not
relevant? → Use the Present Perfect.
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If you need extra help with the Present Perfect, watch this video:
Present Perfect Tense - YouTube
PRACTICE
Imagine you want to apply for the position offered by Google in the ad that
we analysed above. Write down a possible answer to the “Tell me about
yourself” question using Dan Lok’s model and information taken from the
ad.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
VIRTUAL WORK – ORAL INTERVENTION 2

You will be asked to answer the question “what can you tell us about yourself?”
based on the S’s formula using your personal data. Use connectors and the
appropriate tenses.
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SECTION 3 – SHORT STORY
ACTION WILL BE TAKEN (PART 1)

By Heinrich Böll
1.Before reading
Look at these three pictures and make predictions about the setting and
the characters of the story. Check your predictions as you read.
a b
I think the story takes place in __________________________________

because ________________________________________________________.
The characters are _______________________________________________.
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While reading
2. Let’s read the first part of the story. Were your predictions right? Why?
Why not?
Probably one of the strangest episodes in my life was the time I spent as an
employee in Alfred Wunsiedel’s factory. By nature, I am inclined more to
pensiveness and inactivity than to work, but now and again prolonged financial
difficulties force me – for pensiveness is no more profitable than inactivity – to
take on a so-called job. Finding myself once again at a low ebb* of this kind, I
put myself in the hands of the employment office and was sent with seven other
fellow-sufferers to Wunsiedel’s factory, where we were to undergo an aptitude
test.
The exterior of the factory was enough to arouse my suspicions: the factory was
built entirely of glass brick, and my aversion to well-lit buildings and well-lit rooms
is as strong as my aversion to work. I became even more suspicious when we
were immediately served breakfast in the well-lit, cheerful coffee shop: pretty
waitresses brought us eggs, coffee and toast, orange juice was served in
tastefully designed jugs, goldfish pressed their bored faces against the sides of
pale-green aquariums. The waitresses were so cheerful that they appeared to be
bursting with good cheer. Only a strong effort of will – so it seemed to me –
restrained* them from singing away all day long.
Right away I realized something that my fellow-sufferers evidently failed to

realize: that this breakfast was already part of the test; so I chewed* away
reverently, with the full appreciation of a person who knows he is supplying his
body with valuable elements. I did something which normally no power on earth
can make me do: I drank orange juice on an empty stomach, left the coffee and
egg untouched, as well as most of the toast, got up, and paced* up and down in
the coffee shop, pregnant with action*.
As a result, I was the first to be ushered* into the room where the questionnaires
were spread out on attractive tables. The walls were painted in a shade of green
that would have summoned* the word “delightful” to the lips of interior decoration
enthusiasts. The room appeared to be empty, and yet I was so sure of being
observed that I behaved as someone pregnant with action behaves when he
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believes himself unobserved: I ripped* my pen impatiently from my pocket,

unscrewed* the top, sat down at the nearest table and pulled the questionnaire
toward me, the way irritable customers snatch at the bill in a restaurant.
Question No. 1: Do you consider it right for a human being to possess only two
arms, two legs, eyes, and ears?
Here for the first time I reaped the harvest* of my pensive nature and wrote
without hesitation: “Even four arms, legs and ears would not be adequate for my
driving energy. Human beings are very poorly equipped.”
Question No. 2: How many telephones can you handle at one time?
Here again the answer was as easy as simple arithmetic: “When there are only
seven telephones,” I wrote, “I get impatient; there have to be nine before I feel I
am working to capacity*.”
Question No. 3: How do you spend your free time?
My answer: “I no longer recognize the term free time – on my fifteenth birthday I

eliminated it from my vocabulary, for in the beginning was the act.”
I got the job. Even with nine telephones I really didn’t feel I was working to
capacity. I shouted into the mouth-pieces: “Take immediate action!” or; “Do
something! – We must have some action – Action will be taken – Action has been
taken – Action should be taken.” But as a rule – for I felt this was in keeping with
the tone of the place – I used the imperative.
Of considerable interest were the noon-hour breaks, when we consumed

nutritious foods in an atmosphere of silent good cheer. Wunsiedel’s factory was
swarming with* people who were obsessed with telling you the story of their
lives, as indeed vigorous personalities are fond of doing. The story of their lives
is more important to them than their lives, you have only to press a button, and
immediately it is covered with spewed-out exploits*.
Wunsiedel had a right-hand man called Broschek, who had in turn made a name
for himself by supporting seven children and a paralyzed wife by working night-
shifts in his student days, and successfully carrying on four business agencies,
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besides which he had passed two examinations with honors in two years. When
asked by reporters: “When do you sleep, Mr. Broschek?” he had replied: “It’s a
crime to sleep!”
Wunsiedel’s secretary had supported a paralyzed husband and four children by

knitting, at the same time graduating in psychology and German history as well
as breeding shepherd dogs, and she had become famous as a night-club singer
where she was known as Vamp Number Seven.
Wunsiedel himself was one of those people who every morning, as they open
their eyes, make up their minds to act. “I must act,” they think as they briskly* tie
their bathrobe belts around them. “I must act,” they think as they shave,
triumphantly watching their beard hairs being washed away with the lather: these
hirsute vestiges are the first daily sacrifices to their driving energy. The more
intimate functions also give these people a sense of satisfaction: water swishes,
paper is used. Action has been taken. Bread gets eaten; eggs are decapitated.
With Wunsiedel, the most trivial activity looked like action: the way he put on his
hat, the way-quivering with energy – he buttoned up his overcoat, the kiss he
gave his wife, everything was action.
When he arrived at his office he greeted his secretary with a cry of “Let’s have
some action!” And in ringing tones she would call back: “Action will be taken!”
Wunsiedel then went from department to department, calling out his cheerful:
“Let’s have some action!” Everyone would answer: “Action will be taken!” And I
would call back to him too, with a radiant smile, when he looked into my office:
“Action will be Taken!”
Within a week I had increased the number of telephones on my desk to eleven,

within two weeks to thirteen, and every morning on the streetcar I enjoyed
thinking up new imperatives, or chasing the words take action through various
tenses and modulations: for two whole days I kept saying the same sentence
over and over again because I thought it sounded so marvelous: “Action ought to
have been taken;” for another two days it was: “Such action ought not to have
been taken.”
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https://www.shortstoryguide.com/heinrich-boll-short-stories/
*Glossary:
To be at a low ebb: to be in a bad state or condition.
Restrain (verb): prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep

under control or within limits.
Chew (verb): masticate
Pace up and down: to walk with regular steps in one direction and then back
again, usually because you are worried or nervous.
To be pregnant with action: to be very active
Usher (verb): show or guide (someone) somewhere.
Summon (verb): try to produce (a particular quality or reaction) from within

oneself.
Rip (verb): to remove something quickly, without being careful.
Unscrew (verb): detach, open, or slacken (something) by removing or loosening

the screws holding it in place.
Reap the harvest: to suffer or benefit as a result of past actions.
Work to capacity: working at full capacity.
Swarm with (verb): (of a place) to be crowded or overrun with moving people or
things.
Spew out (verb): to send or cast forth with vigor or violence or in great quantity.
Exploit (noun): a bold or daring feat.
Briskly (adverb): in an active, quick, or energetic way.
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3. Choose the correct option in each case. Underline the ideas in the text
that helped you select the right option.
1. The narrator says that he went to the employment office because…

a. He wasn’t satisfied with the salary he received in his current job.
b. He had been fired from his previous job.
c. He was at a low point financially speaking.
2. The narrator gets suspicious of Wunsiedel’s factory because…

a. Wunsiedel himself serves him breakfast upon arrival.
b. The place is well-lit and the people are over cheerful.
c. The building is in a terrible state of disrepair.
3. The other applicants don’t notice that…

a. The breakfast they are served is cold.
b. The narrator drinks the orange juice on an empty stomach.
c. The breakfast they are served is part of the test.
4. The narrator answers the three interview questions in that way because…
a. He thinks he will get the job if he shows himself as an active person.
b. He cannot understand the meaning of the questions.
c. He doesn’t really want the job.
5. Broschek is famous because…

a. He is a nightclub singer.
b. He is a multitasker who never sleeps.
c. He invented the factory’s motto: “Action will be taken”.
6. According to the narrator, Wunsiedel is the kind of man who…

a. doesn’t like doing trivial activities.
b. refuses to eat a nutritious breakfast every morning.
c. starts doing things as soon as he gets up in the morning.
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7. In Wunsiedel’s factory, workers…

a. Are left to work on their own without being disturbed.
b. Are constantly controlled by Broschek.
c. Are forced to be as cheerful and as active as Wunsiedel.
8. What does Wunsiedel’s factory manufacture?

a. They manufacture glass bricks.
b. They manufacture telephones.
c. This is not mentioned by the narrator in this part of the story
After reading
5. Discuss these questions in small groups. Be ready to share your
answer with your tutor and the rest of the class.
1. What is the working environment like at Wunsiedel’s factory?

2. Would you like to work in a company like Wunsiedel’s factory? Why? /Why
not?
3. Why is the story called “Action Will Be Taken”?
4. Why does the narrator get the job, in your opinion?
5. What do you think would have the narrator answered if he had been made
the “Tell us about yourself” question?
6. This story is said to be a satire. What is the author satirizing?
7. Can you make a prediction of what will happen in part 2 of the story?
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Unit 1
SECTION 4 – ACADEMIC LITERACY

1. Do you remember this text format? Observe it carefully and name it.
???
2. In English II, we studied how an abstract is organised with different

elements and moves. Let’s see what you remember. Can you
complete the following chart? There are some extra elements.
TITLE – CONCLUSION – DIRECTORS – AIM/PURPOSE – SOME OF THE

KEY WORDS – AUTHORS – DATE OF PUBLICATION – PUBLISHING
HOUSE
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Unit 1
WORKING WHILE STUDYING:

THE ACADEMIC CHALLENGES
OF WORKING SCHOLARS
Castor V. Balacuit, Jr. - Lorna M.

Lopio
6 June 2022
Working scholars, Mixed method
The primary academic challenge of

working scholars in their daily lives
is financial problems, which are
attributed to school-related
expenses (requirements), needs,
and wants.
3. As you have learnt, an abstract was included in activity 1. As you

know, there are different moves which show the organization of this
text format. Let’s consider the moves marked in that abstract: are
they right? Why? Why not? Correct them if necessary.
ABSTRACT: In tertiary education, success is not purely about intelligence; self-

discipline, diligence, initiative, and determination are pillars that one keeps there.
This study delves into the academic challenges of working scholars at
Northeastern Mindanao State University (NEMSU), a state university in Surigao
del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines. This exploration sought to explore the academic
challenges of working scholars in terms of financial, social, psychological,
teachers’ factors, and classroom environment. The study utilized a mixed
methods approach where a researcher-made checklist survey questionnaire was
employed to come up with the quantitative result. Further, the researchers also
conducted a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the working scholars in which
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the responses were thematically extracted to derive an elaborated result from the
quantitative data, leading this study a mixed method design—an explanatory
approach. It has been found out that university students are working while
studying to support their underprivileged families; sustain their scholastic
expenses for their dreams of having a better life; lack of financial support from
their families due to unemployment, death, and health concerns; and to prove to
others that poverty is not a predicament in education if one is determined to
succeed. The primary academic challenge of working scholars in their daily lives
is financial problems, which are attributed to school-related expenses
(requirements), needs, and wants. In addition, working scholars are also
psychologically challenged because of external discouragement and a lack of
moral support from their families.
Glossary:
● To delve: ahondar
● Scholars: alumnos/becarios
● Support: ayudar
……………………… Background
……………………… Aim
……………………… Method
……………………… Result
……………………… Conclusion
4. Let’s remember what an abstract is. Select the right option in its
definition.
An abstract is a condensed/extended version of an academic article or body of

research—a short, informal/formal summary averaging between 100-500
words. It provides a justification/definition for the study, an overview of the
research process, the core results/findings, and a preview of the conclusion. They
are significant/irrelevant because they act as brief guides for other researchers
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and because they may be the only portion of an essay, article, or proposal that
some readers ever see.
5. Now that we have recalled what an abstract is, let’s read the
following.
An abstract is a summary which is placed at the beginning of a research paper

to catch the readers’ attention or interest in the complete research work.
So, we can say that the moves we found in activity 3 are developed after the
abstract in what we call the body of a research paper. But… What is a research
paper?
Swales (1990) introduced the term research article or research paper. For him,
the research article is a written text reporting on an investigation made by a
researcher. He also coined what we know as the moves in the abstract.
How is a research paper organized? Does it contain the same sections or

“moves” we can find in an abstract? Do they appear in the same order? Well, let’s
explore some examples.
6. Explore the research paper called “Working while Studying: The

Academic Challenges of Working Scholars” and circle:
The research paper has The research paper has The research paper has
less sections than what the same sections that more sections than what
we can find in the we can find in the we can find in the
abstract. abstract. abstract.
7. Reread it and complete the names of the different sections in this

research paper:
A____________________________
a. I__________________________
b. O_________________________
c. C_________________________
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Unit 1
d. R_________________________
e. R_________________________
f. C_________________________
g. A_________________________
h. R_________________________
8. So, what is a research paper? Let’s read this definition.
A research paper is a product of seeking information, analysis, human thinking,
and time. Basically, when researchers want to get answers to problems or
questions, they start to search for information to expand, use, approve, or deny
findings. In simple words, research papers are results of processes by
considering writing works and following specific requirements. Besides, scientists
research and expand many theories, developing social or technological aspects
of human science. However, in order to write relevant papers, they need to know
and follow a way to research. It must be organized and published following certain
rules which are respected internationally. The IMRD model or standard is
frequently used to report one or several experimental studies. It is commonly
referred to as the Introduction-Methods-Results-Discussion structure, so the
abbreviation IMRD. It is sometimes also seen as the acronym IMRAD, where the
letter A stands for the word 'and'.
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This is a visual organisation of what a research paper has to contain: what

is the image on the left?
9. Let’s compare this image with the research paper you read in activity
6. Let’s find similarities and differences. For example: the place of
the section called objective is different.
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Unit 1
10. Based on your previous analysis in activity 9, we can conclude the

following…
Although there is an accepted model used by scientific communities, you may

find differences in how the new investigations are published. It may happen for
various reasons such as requested from the organization which published the
text, the kind of discipline, the type of research, etc. We are learning the most
accepted structure which will help us learn and understand academic data.
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Unit 1
SECTION 5 – EXTRA PRACTICE
1. Answer the following questions about the working environment, you

think, this ad offers.
1. What kind of job does it offer?
_______________________________________________________________
2. Is it a full-time or a part-time job?
_______________________________________________________________
3. Do you think it implies strict timetables, dress code, etc?
_______________________________________________________________
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Unit 1
4. Is the job stressful?
_______________________________________________________________
5. Does it require creativity, physical work, taking decisions, organizing, etc.?
_______________________________________________________________
6. Do you think it will be well-paid?
_______________________________________________________________
7. Does it mean dealing with people (relatives, customers, mates)?
_______________________________________________________________
8. Can you mention an advantage and a disadvantage of having this job?
_______________________________________________________________
9. Is the job ad discriminatory in any way? Why (not)?
_______________________________________________________________
10. Is there any stereotype that you can relate to this ad?
_______________________________________________________________
2. Use the answers to the previous job offer to complete the description
of the working environment for the job (____). Use connectors1 (……)
from the box to complete your ideas in the paragraph – there is an
extra one.
because – as – although – moreover
The advertisement offers a position of ___________________.

…………………………… it is an ___________________ job, it doesn’t seem to
be ___________________. Being a team player is a requirement
…………………………… the job probably requires ___________________.
1 You may see the Appendix on connectors if you need to revise them.
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Employees seem to ___________________ a lot …………………………… the

ad says the company ___________________ environment.
3. Have a look at the following ad. Are the requirements discriminatory

in any way? Is there any stereotype present in it?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Unit 1
4. Read the following job ad and answer the question “what do you
know about this company?” as if you were applying for the position
offered.
Job Opportunity: Marketing Specialist at

InnovateTech
Responsibilities:
● Develop and execute marketing strategies to promote our software

products.
● Create compelling content for digital channels, including social media,
blogs, and email campaigns.
● Analyze market trends, customer behavior, and competitor activities.
● Collaborate with cross-functional teams (product, design, sales) to align
marketing efforts.
● Measure and report on campaign performance using analytics tools.
Qualifications:
● Bachelor’s degree in Marketing, Business, or related field.

● Proven experience in digital marketing, preferably in the tech industry.
● Strong communication skills and ability to convey complex ideas
concisely.
● Proficiency in SEO, SEM, and social media platforms.
About InnovateTech:
InnovateTech, headquartered in the heart of Silicon Valley, is a dynamic and

forward-thinking technology company that thrives on innovation. Our mission is
to revolutionize industries through cutting-edge software solutions. As a team,
we’re passionate about pushing boundaries and creating impactful products that
shape the future.
Our diverse workforce brings together brilliant minds from various backgrounds—
engineers, designers, data scientists, and visionaries—all united by a shared
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purpose: to transform ideas into reality. From AI-driven algorithms to seamless

user experiences, we’re at the forefront of technological advancements.
How to Apply:
Interested candidates should submit their resume and a cover letter to

careers@innovatetech.com. Please include examples of your previous marketing
campaigns or projects.
What do you know about the company?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Read the following answer given during a job interview and answer
the following questions.
I grew up in Bexar County and have an excellent knowledge of the area. In the
last 9 years with the Texas International Freight Company, I progressed through
positions of Package Loader, Courier, Dispatcher, and Team Lead.
In my most recent position, I have had the opportunity to complete management

training programs, provide supervision and leadership, and participate in special
projects. I enjoy being a Lead and the opportunity to empower and motivate my
team.
I believe this experience has prepared me to take the next step and pursue a
management position with XYZ Trucking. This company has a reputation for
excellent management, this opportunity looks perfect to me, and I look forward to
working with the best.
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Unit 1
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from: https://www.job-hunt.org/answering-tell-

me-about-yourself-question/
a. What job interview question is this applicant answering?
a. What is your ideal working environment like?

b. What can you tell us about yourself?
c. What do you know about the company?
b. Is this applicant following the S’s formula in his/her answer?

Why?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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INGLÉS III
Unit 2
UNIT 2 – THE JOB INTERVIEW

SECTION 1 – QUESTIONS IN A JOB INTERVIEW
A job interview is one of the first moments in which you will have the chance to
introduce yourself professionally. It is the first impression you make on a
company, and you only get one chance to make a good one. In today’s
competitive job market, you must be able to stand out and differentiate yourself
from the other equally qualified candidates.
So, what can we do to be prepared for a job interview? Share your viewpoint
with your classmates.
Normally, there are several questions that are usually asked in these interviews.
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Unit 2
1. What areas do you think you are usually asked about? Tick them in
the following list.
☐ Labour experience ☐ Religion
☐ Regrets ☐ Family
☐ School/University ☐ Anecdotes in previous jobs
☐ Hobbies ☐ Place of residence
☐ Future in the company ☐ Sexual orientation
☐ Negative personality traits ☐ Plans for the future
☐ Opinion about the government ☐ Working environment
GRAMMAR STOP: QUESTIONS
Let’s recall how to make questions

Surely, you remember the questions in English need a special structure
depending on what we want to ask. So, it is necessary to revise/recall how we
make correct questions in English because they are very different from Spanish.
The following chart is a summary of how to make questions in English: basically,

you need auxiliary verbs, or you need inversion of order between the subject and
the first part of the phrasal verb.
Auxiliary
(Wh- word) Subject Verb?
verb
Verb in the
Modal Verbs (Wh- word) Modal verb Subject
base form?
Present Verb in the
(Wh- word) do/does Subject
Simple base form?
Have got (Wh- word) have/has Subject Got…?
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Unit 2
Present
(Wh- word) am/is/are Subject Verb-ing
Continuous
Verb in the
Past Simple (Wh- word) did Subject
base form?
Present Past
(Wh- word) have/has Subject
Perfect participle?
Past
Past Perfect (Wh- word) had Subject
participle?
Subject Questions
WHO / WHAT Conjugated verb?
2. Imagine you are an interviewer, and you want to find out the following
information about the interviewee. Can you think of suitable
questions for the following prompts?
a. His/her marital status
__________________________________________________________
b. The year of his/her graduation
__________________________________________________________
c. His/her plans for a post-graduate course
__________________________________________________________
d. His/her ideal working environment
__________________________________________________________
e. If he/she plays any sport
__________________________________________________________
f. The tasks in his/her previous job
__________________________________________________________
g. His/her abilities with a foreign language
__________________________________________________________
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Unit 2
3. Can you classify these questions into these five areas?
Previous
Personal Future
Labour Education Profile
Information Prospects
Experience
4. How would you classify the following questions? There is an

example.
a. Personal information
b. Education
c. Previous experience
d. Future prospects
e. Profile
1. Do your grades reflect your potential?
2. How would you describe your background in brief?
3. How long have you worked for IBM?
4. What did you do in the last year to improve your knowledge?
C 5. Why did you leave your job as a clerk in 2020?
6. What are your goals for the future?
7. Are you going to pursue additional education?
8. Where do you see yourself in five years?
9. Did you do an internship in Siemens last summer?
10. Have you ever worked in customer service?
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Unit 2
5. Match these answers to the previous questions. Careful: there are

more questions than answers. There is an example.
I expect to sign on with a national retail organization where I can

6
eventually advance to a role as a regional sales manager.
I have worked there since I was in my first year at university. Recently,
I have had the chance to be promoted due to many on company
courses.
I come from a small town where opportunities were limited. Since good
schools were a rarity, I started using online learning after secondary
school to stay up to date with the best. That’s where I learned to code
and then I went on to get my certification as I computer programmer. I
graduated in 2022.
Yes, I am going to enrol in a postgraduate course at UNLaM next
semester. I have already paid the fee.
Yes, I have been in charge of the regulations desk in this area for one
year.
I read a lot of journals to keep abreast of the latest ideas in my field and
sharpened my skills by taking some online courses.
No, I was attending many subjects at university. Therefore, I didn’t
accept that proposal.
GRAMMAR STOP: TENSES USED DURING A JOB INTERVIEW
Consider the questions and answers in the previous activities.
Which tense is used to speak about previous experiences?
Is there only one tense used to speak about your future?
Is it better to say “I am working” or “I work” to describe my current job?
How to talk about experience

These are two possible descriptions to respond to “tell me about your experience
in marketing”:
● I worked in marketing from 2020 to 2021.

● I have worked in marketing for a couple of years.
What is the difference between the two answers?
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Unit 2
Present Perfect Tense

Form: Have / Has + Past Participle
The Present Perfect tense is used to talk about experiences. We are interested
in the event, not in the moment it happened. The information that we give is
important because it is connected to our present and to the future:
● I must admit I have had some difficult bosses. (In his/her professional life,
but we don’t know exactly when).
The adverbs of time usually used with this tense are never, ever, once, twice,
many times, etc.
● I’ve never had a difficult boss in my life.

● My team has solved unexpected problems at work many times.
Present Perfect Versus Past Simple

We use the Present Perfect tense when a past action or experience is related to
the present time rather than the past. If we state when the action exactly
happened (or if it’s clear from the context), we must use the Past Simple tense.
If the action began in the past but its effects continue in the present, we use the
Present Perfect tense.
● Since the beginning of my career, I’ve wanted to work for a larger

organization in this industry.
● I have actively searched for jobs since graduating with my Nursing
degree.
● Yes, I have been in charge of regulations desk in this area for one year.
● I’ve been at my company for three years.
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Unit 2
Time signals: for – since – how long?

Duration up to the present
For: it is used to focus on the span of time (duration) of the action which still
continues.
● How long have you worked for ACB company?

● I have worked for them for two yeas/a week/a long time/ages.
Since: it is used to focus on the beginning of the action which still continues.
● How long have you participated in that project?

● I have participated in that project since I was 20 years old/yesterday/last
term/2022.2
In both cases, Present Perfect + for / since indicates that the activity still
continues in the present.
1. Look at the following answers about job experience and write the
verbs in the correct form: Past Simple or Present Perfect.
"Tell Me About Your Work Experience" Best Answers
a) My years of experience 1____________________ (prepare) me well for

this position. Customer service is a big part of this job; I
2____________________ (spend) three years working in a high-volume
call center from 2010 to 2013, solving customer problems.
b) I 3____________________ (develop) extensive skills working with
customers. Even when they 4____________________ (be) distressed, I
5____________________ (be) excellent at deescalating situations and
finding a way to make the customer happy. Our customer satisfaction
rating 6____________________ (rise) 10 percent during my tenure at my
previous employer.
2 Notice: in Spanish, we would say “Participo en este proyecto desde que tengo 20 años/ayer/el
ultimo período/2022.” Keep this difference in mind when communicating in English.
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Unit 2
c) I 7____________________ (have) a job every summer since I was 16

years old. I 8____________________ (work) primarily to secure extra
spending money. I 9____________________ (not, realize) at that moment
that I was actually sampling careers to see where I might fit.
d) I 10____________________ (work) as a kennel assistant at a local animal
hospital during the summer before my freshman year of college. There, I
11____________________ (decide) I would go to college and focus on
becoming a small animal veterinarian, so that's what I
12____________________ (do): I 13____________________ (work) at
the same animal hospital ever since.
e) I don't have a lot of paid work experience as a teacher. I
14____________________ (spend) most of my time outside of college
and graduate school doing volunteer work at a private elementary school
in my town. Because the summers were so short, and I
15____________________ (work) to complete my certification. Now that
I am certified, finished with my master's degree program, I can also say
that I 16____________________ (have) enough experience so far and I
feel I 17____________________ (do) a lot to deserve a full-time teaching
position.
f) My work experience 18____________________ (be) nothing but top
notch. When I 19____________________ (complete) my accounting
degree, I 21____________________ (go) right to the best firm in the city
and was hired as an intern. Working with the best of the best
22____________________ (make) me an asset to any company that will
hire me.
GRAMMAR STOP: TENSES USED DURING A JOB INTERVIEW

(CONTINUATION)
How to talk about your present

When the Present Simple is used, the interviewer considers your studies, work
and where you live as a more permanent state.
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Unit 2
● I study Physics at Munich University.

● I work part-time at an insurance company.
● I live in Munich.
When the Present Continuous is used, the interviewer considers your studies,
work and where you live as something temporary, something you are doing at
the moment, but not long term.
● I am working part-time at an insurance company.
How to talk about your future: plans, intentions, and goals

You can often use going to and the Present Continuous interchangeably,
particularly when you are talking about your immediate plans or appointments.
An immediate plan implies that you have already taken the decision to do so.
● Are you going to offer more than one traineeship in your graduate trainee
scheme?
● I’m not going to take the job in Seattle. The work conditions aren’t very
good.
● I’m taking part in an assessment centre next Tuesday.
We may also use intent to + infinitive, hope to + infinitive, plan to + infinitive

or expect to + infinitive to communicate different ideas. For example, “I hope”
sounds less certain than “I intend/plan” or “I’m going to”.
● I intend to participate in a gap year programme after finishing school.

● I hope to start the internship in August.
● I plan to learn as much as I can about the company’s processes during
the graduate trainee programme.
We use will + base form of verbs to express predictions. They are often
introduced by words and expressions such as “I think/hope/suppose”, “probably”
or “maybe”.
We’ll probably short-list four candidates, but we may reduce that number.
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Unit 2
1. Read the interview and circle the right option.
Interviewer: What do / are / will your future plans?
Interviewee: It is become / to become / become a professional. It is something

I dream / dreamt / have dreamt for years. Now I am just applying / just apply
/ am just going to apply for a place in your company, and I know I have a long
road ahead of me. But I see the meaningful purpose in this job and I hope it helps
/ is going to help / will help me gain the experience I need. Also, I will apply /
apply / am going to apply for an internship in the area where I live. I am having
/ am going to have / have a meeting with my university tutor next Monday.
Interviewer: What are you hope / will you hope / do you hope to accomplish
within the next five years at this company?
Interviewee: In the next five years at Tailor’s Shoes and Clothes, I hope to
increasing / increase / have increase my own sales rate. I will accomplish /
am going to accomplish this by taking a more hands-on approach to interact
with customers and helping them find the exact clothing and shoes they are
looking for / look for / will look for at the store when they contact us. Currently,
I take / am taking / have taken workshops aimed at improving the customer
service experience and generating more sales. I expect these workshops
enhancing / will enhance / enhance my sales plan and help me reach my goals
in a shorter amount of time.
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INGLÉS III
Unit 2
SECTION 2 – SHORT STORY
ACTION WILL BE TAKEN (PART 2)

By Heinrich Böll
Before reading
1. In Unit 1, we worked with the first part of the story Action Will Be
Taken, by Heinrich Böll. Before moving on to the 2nd part of it, let’s
analyse some important points to see how much you remember
about it. Discuss the following questions with your classmates.
a. How does the narrator feel about working at Wunsiedel’s factory?

b. What’s the importance of the concept of “action” in the story?
c. Why do you think the narrator increases the number of telephones
on his desk?
2. Match the following words with their corresponding definitions.
a. Reluctantly 1. A device used to create knitted

fabrics in a semi-automated
b. Knitting machine fashion.
2. A feeling of gentle care,
c. Tenderness fondness, or compassion.
3. In a way that suggests deep or
d. Pensively serious thought.
4. Hesitant, unwillingly.
e. Engagements 5. Commitments or appointments.
6. An arrangement of flowers,
f. Wreath leaves, or stems fastened in a
ring and used for decoration or
g. Haunt for laying on a grave.
7. To frequent a place, especially
with a ghostly presence.
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Unit 2
Now, let’s read the second part of the story.
ACTION WILL BE TAKEN, BY HEINRICH BÖLL (PART 2)

So I was really beginning to feel I was working to capacity when there actually
was some action.
One Tuesday morning – I had hardly settled down at my desk – Wunsiedel rushed
into my office crying his “let’s have some action!” But an inexplicable something
in his face made me hesitate to reply, in a cheerful gay voice as the rules dictated:
“Action will be taken!” I must have paused too long, for Wunsiedel, who seldom
raised his voice, shouted at me: “Answer! Answer, you know the rules!” And I
answered, under my breath, reluctantly, like a child who is forced to say: I am a
naughty child. It was only by a great effort that I managed to bring out the
sentence: “Action will be taken,” and hardly had I uttered it when there really was
some action: Wunsiedel dropped to the floor. As he fell he rolled over onto his
side and lay right across the open doorway. I knew at once, and I confirmed it
when I went slowly around my desk and approached the body on the floor: he
was dead.
Shaking my head I stepped over Wunsiedel, walked slowly along the corridor to
Broschek’s office, and entered without knocking. Broschek was sitting at his
desk, a telephone receiver in each hand, between his teeth a ballpoint pen with
which he was making notes on a writing pad, while with his bare feet he was
operating a knitting machine under the desk. In this way he helps to clothe his
family. “We’ve had some action,” I said in a low voice.
Broschek spat out the ballpoint pen, put down the two receivers, reluctantly
detached his toes from the knitting machine.
“What action?” he asked.
“Wunsiedel is dead,” I said.
“No,” said Broschek.
“Yes,” I said, “come and have a look!”
“No,” said Broschek, “that’s impossible,” but he put on his slippers and followed
me along the corridor.
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“No,” he said, when we stood beside Wunsiedel’s corpse, “no, no!” I did not
contradict him. I carefully turned Wunsiedel over onto his back, closed his eyes,
and looked at him pensively.
I felt something like tenderness for him, and realized for the first time that I had
never hated him. On his face was that expression which one sees on children
who obstinately refuse to give up their faith in Santa Claus, even though the
arguments of their playmates sound so convincing.
“No,” said Broschek, “no.”
“We must take action;” I said quietly to Broschek. “Yes,” said Broschek, “we must
take action.”
Action was taken: Wunsiedel was buried; and I was delegated to carry a wreath
of artificial roses behind his coffin, for I am equipped with not only a penchant for
pensiveness and inactivity but also a face and figure that go extremely well with
dark suits. Apparently as I walked along behind Wunsiedel’s coffin carrying the
wreath of artificial roses I looked superb. I received an offer from a fashionable
firm of funeral directors to join their staff as a professional mourner. “You are a
born mourner,” said the manager, “your outfit would be provided by the firm. Your
face – simply superb!”
I handed in my notice to Broschek, explaining that I had never really felt I was
working to capacity there; that, in spite of the thirteen telephones, some of my
talents were going to waste. As soon as my first professional appearance as a
mourner was over I knew: This is where I belong, this is what I am cut out for.
Pensively I stand behind the coffin in the funeral chapel, holding a simple
bouquet, while the organ plays Handel’s Largo, a piece that does not receive
nearly the respect it deserves. The cemetery café is my regular haunt; there I
spend the intervals between my professional engagements, although sometimes
I walk behind coffins which I have not been engaged to follow, I pay for flowers
out of my own pocket and join the welfare worker who walks behind the coffin of
some homeless person. From time to time I also visit Wunsiedel’s grave, for after
all I owe it to him that I discovered my true vocation, a vocation in which
pensiveness is essential and inactivity my duty.
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It was not till much later that I realized I had never bothered to find out what was
being produced in Wunsiedel’s factory. I expect it was soap.

https://anarchistwithoutcontent.wordpress.com/2010/05/02/action-will-be-taken-
an-action-packed-story-by-heinrich-boll/
After reading
1. Now that you’ve finished the story, let’s reflect on the following
questions.
a. What is the narrator’s reaction when Wunsiedel rushes into his office
shouting for action?
b. How does the narrator feel about Wunsiedel’s death? What realization
does he come to?
c. What offer does the narrator receive after Wunsiedel’s funeral? Why is it
significant?
d. How does the narrator describe his newfound vocation as a professional
mourner?
e. How does the story explore themes of identity, purpose, and fulfilment
through the narrator’s experiences?
f. What do you think the story suggests about the pursuit of meaningful work
and finding one’s true vocation?
GETTING READY FOR ORAL INTERVENTION 3

Next face-to-face class, you’ll have your 3rd Oral Intervention. You’ll have to
answer job interview questions as if you were the narrator of Action Will Be
Taken. The teacher will ask a typical job interview question and you will have to
answer it taking into account the context provided in the story as well as the
information you can infer from it.
To practice job interview questions, do the following activities.
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1. After Wunsiedel’s death, the protagonist is offered a new job. This is

a possible job interview between the protagonist and an interviewer.
Put the words in order to form questions and, later, identify the
adequate answer for each of them.
a. similar / have / ever / job / in / you / a / worked / ?

__________________________________________________________
b. yourself / you / can / about / what / us / tell / ?
__________________________________________________________
c. what / you / for / this / job / think / a / good / fit / you / make / personality /
traits / do /?
__________________________________________________________
d. what / you / career / a / motivates / a / pursue / as / mourner / professional
/ to / ?
__________________________________________________________
e. your / current / job / leave / why / want / you / to / do / ?
__________________________________________________________
f. five / years / where / yourself / do / see / in / you / ?
__________________________________________________________
I am motivated by the opportunity to offer genuine solace and support to

individuals and families during their time of loss. I believe in the
importance of honouring and respecting the grieving process.
I believe my introspective nature and ability to empathize with others

make me well-suited for this role. I am also patient, understanding, and
capable of providing solace to those in need.
I am seeking new opportunities for growth and fulfilment. While my
current job has provided valuable experiences, I believe that my ideal
job is in the funeral industry, where I can offer support and comfort to
those in need.
No, I haven't worked in a similar job before. However, my previous
experiences have equipped me with skills that I believe are transferable
to this role in the funeral industry.
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I am someone who has always been drawn to contemplation and

reflection. While my previous work experiences may not directly relate
to the funeral industry, I have always been empathetic and attuned to
the emotions of others.
In five years, I see myself as a respected and trusted member of the
funeral industry, known for my compassion, empathy, and dedication to
supporting individuals and families during their time of need.
2. Imagine you’re interviewing the narrator of the story as part of a job

interview. What other five questions would you ask him? What do
you think he would reply?
a. Question: _________________________________________________
Answer:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
b. Question: _________________________________________________
Answer:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
c. Question: _________________________________________________
Answer:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
d. Question: _________________________________________________
Answer:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
e. Question: _________________________________________________
Answer:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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1. Observe these 3 text formats carefully. Are they abstracts? Be ready
to account for your answers.
TEXT FORMAT 1
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TEXT FORMAT 2
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TEXT FORMAT 3
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2. Great! You could detect the abstracts in the previous exercise. They
have an internal organization, and they are part of the IMRAD model.
Let´s complete these ideas. There are some extra words.
CONDUCTED – RESEARCH – DISCUSSION – INTRODUCTION – FORMAT –

LETTERS – COMPONENTS – CONTEXT
Most scientific papers are prepared according to a ____________________

called IMRAD. The term represents the first ____________________ of the
words Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, And,
____________________ It indicates a pattern or format rather than a complete
list of headings or ____________________ of research papers; the missing parts
of a paper are Title, Authors, Keywords, Abstract, Conclusions, and References.
Additionally, some papers include Acknowledgments and Appendices. The
____________________ explains the scope and objective of the study in the light
of current knowledge on the subject; the Materials and Methods describes how
the study was ____________________; the Results section reports what was
found in the study; and the Discussion section explains meaning and significance
of the results and provides suggestions for future directions of research. The
manuscript must be prepared according to the Journal’s instructions to authors.
3. What is the origin of this format? Who created this format? Read and
answer:
_____________________________________________________________________
Day (1989) argued that it was Louis Pasteur who invented the first IMRAD-
like writing structure in his classic book, Etudes sur la Biere (studies on
fermentation), originally published in 1876. Pasteur’s book had identifiable
sections of “introduction”, “methods”, and “discussion”—although such
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headings were not explicitly used (Day 1989). However, IMRAD did not
become the “standard” until the 1970s, when the American national standard
for the preparation of scientific papers for written or oral presentation (ANSI
Z39.16-1972) was published in 1972.
4. Why was this Standard/Model adopted? What would its importance

be? Complete the chart. Add more arrows if necessary.
Its importance
The use of formatting guidelines helps researchers/writers ensure that their work
is well developed and provides valuable information to readers in an expected
design. Formatting also makes information more accessible to people interested
in the paper by creating and labelling sections, highlighting key words, and
making a good impression. Moreover, using a standardized format allows the
reader to find specific data quickly and easily. The predictable format lets you
focus on specific sections such as the Abstract, Introduction and/or Discussion
sections.
Structure is an important feature of academic writing. A well-structured text allows

the reader to follow the argument and surf the text. However, it is important to
mention some variations might be found. Objectives are sometimes the last part
of introductions and Conclusions can also be integrated in the last lines of the
discussion section. Read carefully these sections in case of finding missing
elements.
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5. Let’s read these research papers and complete the chart.
Research Paper #1 Research Paper #2
Title
Is the abstract
complete?
Does it include
all the elements
of IMRAD model
explicitly?
What´s the aim

of these
research
papers?
Where can you

find this
information?
Can you find the

references
section?
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6. Write the findings (a-f) in the corresponding box.
Research Paper #1 Research Paper #2
a. Studying while working, which is not easy, is something that can be considered
as a motivation that anything we can achieve if there is a strong determination to
make it happen.
b. This research paper showed a social inclination in experiencing a demanding

physical work environment by young people.
c. Researchers found that participants are accustomed to thinking Independently

in Various Situations.
d. The role of self- esteem is highlighted, it needs special attention so as to protect

young people from demanding job contexts.
f. It is important to say that a demanding work environment is not always negative

but will depend on the internal resources of the individual worker.
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1. Match these top 14 job interview questions with their appropriate
answers.
a. Why do you want to work here?

b. Why did you apply for this position?
c. What is your greatest weakness?
d. Why are you looking to leave your current company?
e. Tell me about the time you failed.
f. Why did you leave your last job?
g. How much money are you looking to earn?
h. Where do you see yourself in 5 years?
i. Why should we hire you?
j. What do you know about our company?
k. Do you have any questions for us?
l. How did you hear about the position?
m. Tell us about the challenge you’ve faced and how you handled it.
n. Tell me about yourself.
1. __________________________________________________________
From what I read, your company is one of the leaders in providing security
software to other businesses. I read the list of clients on your website. Do you
mostly serve Fortune 500 clients? I saw a couple big Fortune 500 companies
mentioned on the list, including ___ and ___.
2. __________________________________________________________
I saw the job posted on LinkedIn, and the position seemed interesting so I wanted
to learn more.
3. __________________________________________________________
Since beginning my career, I’ve wanted to work for a larger organization in this
industry, and I know you’re one of the leaders in this space. I’m very interested in
your products/services, especially the mobile applications you’re building
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recently, so I’d be excited to come here and grow my skills with an organization
like yours.
4. __________________________________________________________
I’m looking for more leadership opportunities. I’ve been at my company for three
years and have really enjoyed the experience but I feel in order to take the next
step in my career, it’d be helpful to join a larger organization and use what I’ve
learned in the past to lead more projects. That’s why this Project Manager role
excited me.
5. __________________________________________________________
In my last job, we were facing a tough deadline and my boss was out for the day.
Our client was expecting a project to be delivered by 5PM, but we were far behind
schedule. I took the lead on the project, delegated tasks to the four other team
members in a way that I thought would utilize everyone’s strengths best. And then
I reorganized my own personal tasks so I could dedicate my entire day to
contributing to this project as well. The project was a success and we delivered
the work on-time. I went on to lead more projects after that, and used what I
learned to be a better project manager.
6. __________________________________________________________
Right now, I’m focused on finding a job that’s the right fit for my career. Once I’ve
done that, I’m willing to consider an offer you feel is fair, but I do not have a
specific number in mind yet, and my priority is to find a position that’s a great fit
for me.
7. __________________________________________________________
Yes, I have a couple of questions actually. The first thing I wanted to ask: is this
a newly-created position, or did somebody hold this role in the past? And if so,
what did that person go on to do after this position?
8. __________________________________________________________
I read on the job description that you’re looking for someone with experience in
____. I’ve done that for 3 years and can immediately help you accomplish ____.
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9. __________________________________________________________
I’ve been actively searching for jobs since graduating with my Nursing degree.
I’m interested in intensive care and emergency medicine and I’ve seen your
hospital mentioned as having one of the best ER’s in the region. I thought the job
description matched up well with my background, and saw some of my personal
strengths mentioned, like multitasking and being able to thrive in a fast paced
environment, so I’d love to begin my career here.
10. __________________________________________________________
I started my career in Marketing after graduating with a Business degree in 2013.

I’ve spent my entire career at Microsoft, receiving two promotions and three
awards for outstanding performance. I’m looking to join a smaller company now,
and take on more leadership and project management.
11. __________________________________________________________
I was hired for a project management role, but over time that changed and I was
no longer being given the opportunity to do the work I was interested in. I left to
pursue an opportunity that I felt was more aligned with what I’ve chosen to focus
on in my career.
12. __________________________________________________________
I’m not particularly strong in social media marketing. For the first few years of my
career, I focused entirely on email marketing. That’s still what I specialize in,
which is why I applied for your Email Marketing Manager job. But I’ve realized it’s
also helpful to understand the principles of social media marketing because some
of the strategies that work there also work well in email. So I’ve started spending
a couple hours a week of my own time studying and learning this new area, and
it’s helped me a lot.
13. __________________________________________________________
I’m glad you asked. In 5 years I see myself taking on more responsibilities, either
through management or higher level individual contributions. I’m not sure which
path will make sense to pursue, but I know my goal right now is to build a strong
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foundation and gain valuable experience so that I’ll have a successful future in
this industry.
14. __________________________________________________________
In my most recent position, I had recently been promoted to Supervisor, and was
managing the department on my own right before the department closed. An
employee was acting out and I confronted him in front of everybody. It made the
situation worse and caused a lot of distraction for every employee on the floor. I
failed to lead properly in this situation, and spoke to my manager the next day to
discuss what I could have done differently. We both agreed that I should have
handled this in-private with the employee, by asking them to step inside my office
with me. If I had done this instead of reacting the way I did, the situation would
have turned out much better. From that point onward, I am always conscious of
whether a discussion with a team member should occur in public or behind closed
doors, and it made me a better leader.
SOURCE:
https://careersidekick.com/what-to-say-in-a-job-interview-questionsand-answers
2. Read the interview and choose the right option.
Interviewer: What do / are / will your plans for the future?
Interviewee: I am going to / am / will pursue a career in computer science, and

I think the junior position at this company can be beneficial for both. Currently, I
study / am studying / will study Computer Engineering at Stanford University.
I believe this field offers endless possibilities for innovation and growth. After
graduation, I plan / am planning / will plan to continue specialising in the area.
My ultimate goal is to contribute to the development of cutting-edge technologies
that make a positive impact on society.
Interviewer: That sounds ambitious! Where do / are / will you see / seeing / will
see yourself in five years?
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Interviewee: In five years, I hope / am hoping / will hope to be a key member

of the software engineering team here at this company. I intend / am intending
/ will intend to specialize in artificial intelligence and machine learning
applications, using the organization's strong platform and resources. Moreover, I
plan / am planning / will plan to pursue advanced certifications to keep up with
emerging technologies and trends, contributing significantly to the company's
growth and success in the following years.
3. Write the words in the correct order to make sentences or questions

someone could ask you in a job interview.
a. nice / Good afternoon, / to / you. / meet
Good afternoon, nice to meet you._____________________________________
b. in touch. / Thank you / We’ll be / for coming today.
_______________________________________________________________
c. got / any questions? / Have you
_______________________________________________________________
d. your / tell us / you / previous work experience, / Can / about / please?
_______________________________________________________________
e. in a team / you / Do / work well
_______________________________________________________________
f. start? / could / When / you
_______________________________________________________________
g. this job? / you want / Why / do
_______________________________________________________________
h. a few questions. / would / to ask / We / you / like
_______________________________________________________________
i. have you got / help you / What skills / that / in this job? / would
_______________________________________________________________
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j. £10.50 per hour / Sundays. / and work / Wednesdays to / You’ll get
_______________________________________________________________
4. Write the interviewer’s questions from the previous activity in the

correct places.
Interviewer: Good afternoon, nice to meet you.
Interviewee: Hello. Nice to meet you, too.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: OK, great. I’ll do my best to answer them.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: Yes, of course. I am unemployed at the moment, but my last job

was at a supermarket. I worked there for 18 months. Before that, I worked as a
cleaner at a school.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: I’m very organized and always on time. I have good people skills
and I am polite. I can cook and I have a certificate in good safety.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: I would like the job because this is a good organization to work for.
I like meeting people and talking to customers. Also, I can work at lunch times
and in the evenings – the hours are good for me.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: Yes. I like working together with other people.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: Straight away!
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: Yes. How much will I get paid per hour? Which days will I have to
work?
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Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Interviewee: Thank you very much. I look forward to hearing from you.
5. What job do you think the interview is for?
_______________________________________________________________
Adapted from:
http://esol.britishcouncil.org/content/teachers/lessons-and-activities/lesson-
plans/job-interview
6. Imagine you were called for an interview after applying for the job in
the ad. Complete the answers you would give.
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Interviewer: What do you know about our company?
You: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: Why did you apply for this position?
You: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: Why do you want to work here?
You: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: What is your ideal working environment like?
You: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: What is your greatest weakness?
You: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
7. Read the following ad and complete the job interview as if you were
applying for that job.
LECTURER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Are you passionate about shaping the minds of future leaders? Join our university
as a Lecturer in Business Administration. We are seeking a dedicated
individual to inspire and educate students in the dynamic field of business.
Responsibilities:
● Develop and deliver engaging lectures and seminars in various areas of

business administration, such as management, marketing, finance, and
entrepreneurship.
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● Foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills among students through

real-world case studies and interactive learning activities.
● Provide mentorship and guidance to students, helping them navigate
academic challenges and career aspirations.
● Contribute to curriculum development and program enhancement
initiatives in collaboration with other faculty members.
● Stay current with industry trends and research developments to integrate
cutting-edge knowledge into teaching practices.
Qualifications:
● PhD or Master's degree in Business Administration or a related field.

● Previous teaching experience at the university level preferred.
● Strong communication and presentation skills.
● Demonstrated expertise in one or more areas of business administration.
● Commitment to student success and academic excellence.
Join our vibrant academic community and make a difference in the lives of
aspiring business professionals. Apply now to become part of our dedicated
team.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Applicant: I’m passionate about shaping the minds of future leaders. I have a
PhD in Business Administration and have demonstrated expertise in various
areas of business administration such as management, marketing, finance, and
entrepreneurship. I believe in fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills
among students through real-world case studies and interactive learning
activities.
Interviewer: Have you ever worked at a university?
Applicant: ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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Interviewer: Why do you want to work here?
Applicant: ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: Do you work well in a team?
Applicant: ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Applicant: My greatest strength is my ability to stay current with industry trends

and research developments. I integrate this cutting-edge knowledge into my
teaching practices to ensure my students are learning the most relevant and up-
to-date information.
Interviewer: _____________________________________________________
Applicant: I’m more focused on the opportunity to make a difference in the field
of business education. However, I trust that your institution offers a competitive
salary for this position. I’m open to discussing this further.
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UNIT 3 – PROBLEM SOLVING

SKILLS: HOW TO DEMONSTRATE
THEM AT AN INTERVIEW
SECTION 1 – WHY ARE PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS SO
REVELANT TO BE HIRED?
Let’s read
Problem-solving is the process followed to identify a problem and its origin, and
then find a solution to it. The ability to problem-solve is important to an employer
as problems crop up in any workplace. They will want all employees to have the
ability to identify issues and be part of putting the solution in place. It helps to
promote independence and ownership in the workplace, and it highlights your
ability to carry out a range of other skills.
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So, why and how is this skill evaluated?
Having the qualifications for a position is important, but to show that you can
navigate difficulties is evidence of how well you can perform in a position.
Problem solving is considered one of the most crucial strengths of a candidate
as it shows his/her ability to think and share the vision of how to solve a problem.
Although problem-solving is often listed as a skill on its own, there is a range of

skills that contribute to being an effective problem solver. These include:
● Active listening
● Analysis
● Research
● Creativity and creative thinking
● Communication
● Time-management
● Decision making
● Teamwork
This skill is evaluated during the job interview through 2 types of specific
questions:
1. Questions about your experiences facing a problem or situation, and

responding to it in a logical way.
2. Questions about hypothetical situations. It means these events haven’t

happened. You must organize a mental representation of the challenge
and respond as a professional in charge would: first, reflect upon the
hypothetical problem. Then, give examples and justify why your viewpoint
would be an excellent solution. Yes… This would be mentally. You need
to practise this procedure to feel confident to answer this type of question.
Let’s consider some examples.
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● How would you handle a dissatisfied customer?

“If I had this experience, I would stay calm because when an angry customer
takes their frustrations out on you, it is natural to take it personally. Also, I would
be an active listener to discover what he/she really wants.”
● How would you handle a new project with great revenue prospecting
but potential legal implications for the company?
“If I were faced with a project that carried both revenue prospecting and potential
legal implications, I would approach it with caution and thorough evaluation. I
would research and seek legal guidance to fully understand the implications and
compliance requirements. I would then collaborate with legal experts, cross-
functional teams, and stakeholders to develop a comprehensive plan to minimize
legal risks while maximizing revenue potential.”
● How would you deal with a conflict with a coworker?

“I would start a conversation breaking the ice. It would be crucial to focus on the
problem and not the person if I had a conflict with a coworker. I would also avoid
escalating the issue through gossip – I believe this does not help at all. It would
be key to solve this problem to try to find common ground if I had to face this kind
of situation.”
Let’s analyse
GRAMMAR STOP: HOW TO ASK AND ANSWER HYPOTHETICAL
PROBLEM SOLVING QUESTIONS
Observe these questions.
● How would you handle a dissatisfied customer?

● How would you deal with a conflict with a coworker?
Do they ask about real facts? No, the candidate is asked about how he/she would
react if these situations happened. Pay attention: he/she hasn’t faced this
problem in real life.
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MAKING SUPPOSITIONS ABOUT THE PRESENT
Use:
To make suppositions or hypothesis about the present (imaginary situations), we
use the Past Simple tense in the “if-clause” to refer to an imaginary situation in
the present time.
Although the Past Simple tense is used after “if”, it does not refer to a real action
or situation in the past.
Form:
If + subject + verb in Past Simple…, subject + would + infinitive verb...
OR
Subject + would + infinitive verb... if + subject + verb in Past Simple
● If I had this experience, first, I would stay calm.

● It would be crucial to focus on the problem and not the person if I had a
conflict with a coworker.
Notice the use of the verb to be only for unreal past:
If + I / you / he / she/ it / we / they + were/ weren’t
● If I were in a conflict with a coworker, I would ask for help to the HR

department.
Let’s practise.
1. Consider this hypothetical question and its response. Does it follow
the recommendations from the text on the third page of this unit?
Justify your answer.
● “What would you do if you had a serious argument with your boss?”
● “I would keep control.”
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2. Imagine that you are at a job interview and the interviewer asks you
these questions. Answer them. Remember what to include in the
answer.
1. If your boss bought outdated technological devices, what would you say?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
1. What would you do if you discovered a workmate had made a mistake?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
1. What would you do if you had to solve a problem and there were no time
20to contact your boss?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
1. What would you plan if sales decreased 20% in your company?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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SECTION 2 – THE S.T.A.R. MODEL

In section 1, we learnt about the importance of knowing how to answer problem
solving questions. We said this skill is evaluated during the job interview through
2 types of specific questions: we have just learned how to answer when we
haven’t had any experience with a topic, so we base our answers on hypothesis.
But… How can we answer when we have faced a difficulty before?
We use the S.T.A.R. model. This is an acronym that stands for: Situation, Task,
Action and Result. It answers and provides specific, relevant examples of how
well you solved a problem in the past. Here's what each element means:
● Situation refers to the context and challenge faced,

● Task explains the goal or responsibility,
● Action describes the steps taken to solve the problem with a focus on your
own actions and skills, and
● Result summarizes the outcome and benefits of the solution.
You can use STAR to structure your answer in a clear and concise way,
highlighting your strengths and accomplishments.
1. Let's consider these STAR examples. Join questions and answers.

There is an extra item.
When I was working as a catering manager, we were

informed the night before an event that the
ingredients we needed to prepare the meal were not
Tell me about a going to be delivered on time and would arrive after
time when you we needed them. We needed to find an alternative
A faced an way to get the ingredients quickly. I got the list of the
unexpected ingredients needed and made a stop on my way to
challenge at work. the event. My team and I were able to make the
appetizers just in time for the party. All of the guests
enjoyed them so much that the planner mentioned
them in her online review.
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When I was working as an office manager, the CEO

of our company told me that employee productivity
was down and that I needed to come up with a
Tell me about a
solution.
time when you
I decided to ask the team members by conducting
had to change
B interviews and sending out short surveys. After
your planned
gathering this information, I was able to see that
course of action at
employees didn’t have a way to keep track of and
the last moment.
organize tasks. I recommended that the CEO
implemented a new project management system and
productivity increased by 10 % after implementation.
When I was working as a retailing manager, I had a

customer who came in to pick up a dress that she
had ordered online. But when I went to collect her
Tell us about a order, I found that the dress had accidentally been
time when you put back on the sales floor. I was bought by another
had to solve a customer. I knew that if I failed to find a new dress
C problem and you for the client, she would probably file a complaint and
dealt with a I could lose my job. I called another of our store
dissatisfied locations and asked them to hold the same dress in
customer. the customer’s size. She received the order within 2
days for free. A week later, I found out that the
customer had called our corporate headquarters to
mention how much she appreciated the gesture.
What did you do

to solve a problem
but you didn´t
D have all the
necessary
information about
it beforehand?
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2. Let’s begin by identifying the parts of the STAR model in the three
answers from the previous activity. The first one has been done as
an example:
When I was working as a catering manager, we were informed the night before
an event that the ingredients we needed to prepare the meal were not going to
be delivered on time and would arrive after we needed them. We needed to find
an alternative way to get the ingredients quickly. I got the list of the ingredients é
needed and made a stop on my way to the event. My team and I were able to
make the appetizers just in time for the party. All of the guests enjoyed them so
much that the planner mentioned them in her online review.
SITUATION
TASK
ACTION
RESULT
3. Can you do the same with the other two answers?
a. When I was working as an office manager, the CEO of our company told me
that employee productivity was down and that I needed to come up with a
solution. I decided to ask the team members by conducting interviews and
sending out short surveys. After gathering this information, I was able to see
that employees didn’t have a way to keep track of and organize tasks. I
recommended that the CEO implemented a new project management system
and productivity increased by 10 % after implementation.
b. When I was working as a retailing manager, I had a customer who came in

to pick up a dress that she had ordered online. But when I went to collect her
order, I found that the dress had accidentally been put back on the sales floor.
It was bought by another customer. I knew that if I failed to find a new dress
for the client, she would probably file a complaint and I could lose my job. I
called another of our store locations and asked them to hold the same dress
in the customer´s size. She received the order within 2 days for free. A week
later, I found out that the customer had called our corporate headquarters to
mention how much she appreciated the gesture.
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GRAMMAR STOP: HOW TO ORGANISE YOUR ANSWER TO A

PROBLEM-SOLVING QUESTION DURING A JOB INTERVIEW
Let’s now pay attention to the grammar and vocabulary you need to use
organize your answer.
Situation (When, Where, Who, Activities at the Moment)
Read the beginning of the three answers from the matching activity. Pay
attention to the extracts in bold type. What tense has been used to start this
section of the answer?
● When I was working as a catering manager, we were informed the night

before an event that the ingredients we needed to prepare the meal were not
going to be delivered on time and would arrive after we needed them.
● When I was working as an office manager for a company, the CEO of
our company told me that employee productivity was down and that I needed to
come up with a solution.
● When I was working as a retailing manager, I had a customer who
came in to pick up a dress that she had ordered online.
PAST CONTINUOUS
Subject + was(n’t) / were(n’t) + verb (ing)
We use the past continuous tense at the beginning of a story to describe the
background or ongoing actions in a story written in the past tense.
We can use the connectors when with the past continuous in combination with
the past simple to show that an action happened in the middle (past simple) of
another ongoing action (past continuous).
We can use the connector while with the past continuous to show that two
actions were simultaneous in the past.
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_______________________________________________________________
TIP
You can add information about the company by defining the work of the company,
using the connectors that / which. This information may later help you to describe
the task and the action
I was working as a catering manager in a company which specialized in social

and corporate events…
When I was working as a retailing manager for a company that sold clothes
online…
What activities can companies carry out? Design, build, make investment, buy
and sell, produce, deliver, transport, deal with different activities, operate different
elements, provide services, receive or send packages, specialize in different
areas, etc…
_______________________________________________________________
Let’s turn our attention now to the other three parts of the answer. Read the
second answer from the matching activity again and identify the tense that
is used in the highlighted part.
When I was working as an office manager, the CEO of our company told me that
employee productivity was down and that I needed to come up with a solution. I
decided to ask the team members by conducting interviews and sending
out short surveys. After gathering this information, I was able to see that
employees didn´t have a way to keep track of and organize tasks. I
recommended that the CEO implemented a new project management
system and productivity increased by 10 % after implementation.
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PAST SIMPLE
Subject + verb in the past form (verb + ed / 2nd column) + …
Subject + didn’t + verb in base form
The past simple tense is used to indicate that one action started and finished;
then another action started and finished and so on.
We can use the past simple tense in our answers in the task, action, and result
parts to move the story forward.
TIP 1
In addition to the Past Simple tense, there is another tense that you may
use in your answer. Read answer three from the matching activity again
and pay attention to the highlighted part. What tense has been used?
When I was working as a retailing manager, I had a customer who came in to

pick up a dress that she had ordered online. But when I went to collect her
order, I found that the dress had accidentally been put back on the sales
floor. It was bought by another customer. I knew that if I failed to find a new dress
for the client, she would probably file a complaint and I could lose my job. I called
another of our store locations and asked them to hold the same dress in the
customer’s size. She received the order within 2 days for free. A week later, I
found out that the customer had called our corporate headquarters to mention
how much she appreciated the gesture.
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PAST PERFECT
Subject + had(n’t) + verb (past participle)
Can you identify actions A and B in each case?
I had a customer who came in to pick up a dress that she had ordered online.
But when I went to collect her order, I found that the dress had accidentally been
put back on the sales floor.
A week later, I found out that the customer had called our corporate headquarters
to mention how much she appreciated the gesture.
TIP 2
Finally, let’s pay attention once again to the beginning of answer one.
Focus on the extract in bold type: do we know who informed the narrator
about the delay? Why not? What is the narrator trying to highlight?
When I was working as a catering manager, we were informed the night before
an event that the ingredients we needed to prepare the meal were not going to
be delivered on time and would arrive after we needed them.
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PASSIVE VOICE
Passive subject + be + verb in past participle + (by + doer)
We use passive voice when the action (result) is more important than the person
who did it. This is frequently so because the doer of the action is obvious or not
important.
By using the passive voice, we change the focus of the sentence. The doer of
the action does not receive the focus. Rather, the person or people affected by
the action are highlighted as they appear at the beginning (passive subject).
So, if in your answer you want to highlight the action itself and those affected by
it rather than the doer of that action, you can use passive voice to achieve this
effect.
CONCLUSION
When you prepare your answer to a question about your experiences facing
a problem or situation, you must follow the STAR Model. Your answer must
be formulated in the past. You will need to use Past Continuous in the
situation part and Past Simple in the other parts. Additionally, you may use
Past Perfect and Passive Voice according to your needs.
Remember that to write an answer, you need to connect your ideas.
GRAMMAR STOP: CONNECTORS

When you write a paragraph, try to include different structures following the STAR
Model so as to organize a complete answer. Every idea that you give should
have the explanation why or the resulting benefit they brought. To do this, you
may…
● Use a connector of addition (and, also, what’s more, etc.) to enumerate
details or elements.
The employees were creative. Also, they seemed to be self-confident.
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● Use a connector of cause (because, as, due to, etc.) to explain why you
think they were the way you described them
The employees were good at implementing technology because they

worked for a company that develops technology.
● Use a connector of result (so, therefore, as a result) to explain the benefits

of the characteristic mentioned.
The employees were innovative. As a result, their work attracted millions

of followers.
To revise connectors, check with the corresponding appendix in the

platform.
Let’s Practise
1. Complete Bethany’s answer with the verbs in brackets in the correct
tense and voice. What question is she answering?
Bethany Williamson
During my first year working as a project manager at Slate Construction, I

1____________________ (work) with two of my colleagues to meet a deadline.
We 2____________________ (design) a proposal for a shopping mall, but we
3____________________ (have) some problems to finish our work. My mates
4____________________ (not agree) with each other on how to approach the
proposal and the deadline 5____________________ (be) near. We
6____________________ (try) different ideas but there was always something
wrong in them. We had even combined our ideas with no result. It
7____________________ (be) obvious that we 8____________________
(need) to work better as a team, so I 9____________________ (invite) them both
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to lunch, outside the office. Having lunch and listening to each other’s plans
10____________________ (give) them the opportunity to see that they had
similar visions of the big picture but disagreed about details. After hearing both
their plans, we 10 ____________________ (make) a single list with the most
efficient ideas that we all agreed on. In the end, we 11____________________
(offer) our client a solid proposal and we 12____________________
(congratulate) on by our boss and our happy client.
2. Complete Scott’s anecdote with the correct connector from the box.
There is an extra one. What question is Scott answering?
Scott Nguyen
due to – because – although – as a result – so – and – because
In my previous job in a retail company, things were not going well

1____________________ sales were going down and the company was
considering a staff reduction. We needed to find a way to promote new sales.
2____________________ I had an idea: 3____________________ sales had
decreased significantly, the sales team had lost confidence in their work. To
motivate them, I created a perk programme which I proposed to my boss. He
really liked it and adopted it. 4____________________, there was an 11%
increase in sales. 5____________________ my contribution, I was promoted
6____________________ got everyone’s respect. I had never felt so proud of
myself before.
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3. Now, formulate Bethany and Scott’s answers but making some

changes in the original version.
a. Change the results in Bethany’s answer.

b. Change the action in Scott’s answer.
c. Change the situation in any of the two answers and make the necessary
changes.
PRACTICE FOR THE SECOND EXAM
4. Imagine you are applying for the position offered at Alibaba. Use
information from the ad to answer these three interview questions.
Underline words and ideas that can help you answer the questions.
a. What can you tell us about yourself?

b. What do you know about the company?
c. How would you implement a joint partner planning process to achieve the
company’s goals?
Alibaba Cloud Intelligence Channel Sales Manager Singapore
Location: Singapore,Singapore
Category: BD-Technical Business Development
Work experience requirement: 3+ Years
Educational Requirement: Bachelor
Job Description
- Establishes productive, professional relationships with key personnel in

assigned partner accounts.
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- Coordinates the involvement of company personnel, including support,

service, and management resources, in order to meet partner performance
objectives and partners’ expectations.
- Meets assigned targets for profitable sales volume and strategic objectives
in assigned partner accounts.
- Proactively leads a joint partner planning process that develops mutual
performance objectives, financial targets, and critical milestones associated with
a productive partner relationship.
- Proactively assesses, clarifies, and validates partner needs on an ongoing
basis.
- Sells through partner organizations to end users in coordination with
partner sales resources.
- Manages potential channel conflict with other firm sales channels by
fostering excellent communication internally and externally, and through strict
adherence to channel rules of engagement.
- Leads solution development efforts that best address enduser needs,
while coordinating the involvement of all necessary company and partner
personnel.
- Ensures partner compliance with partner agreements.
- Drives adoption of company programs among assigned partners.
- Proactively recruits new qualifying partners.
Job requirements
- Excellent interpersonal communication skills; presentation, and written

communication skills
- At least 3 years of Channel or sales experience in Cloud related industry
- Experience with partnership, alliance program and channel platform is
preferred
- Comfortable working in a global company with culture diversity and fast
paced growth
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- Ability to direct collaborative efforts of resources within a large

organization, including internal resources, external resources and other
constituent groups as appropriate
- Ability to manage change, resolve conflicts and ensure collaboration within
teams; maintaining the highest standards of ethical conduct and integrity
- Exceptional organizational skills with the ability to manage several projects
simultaneously with a sense of urgency
- The role needs to collaborate with the team in HQ China, hence language
proficiency in Mandarin is required
- Obtaining Alibaba Cloud or other public Cloud vendors' certificate is a plus
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1. Do you remember this chart? What does it show? Share your

answers with your classmates. Then, observe it carefully. What
elements are missing? Complete it.
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2. Great! You could detect the missing elements in the previous

exercise. Let’s go on reading the role of standards in research
papers. What is a standard?
In Unit 2, we learnt that the IMRAD model is a standard accepted and used by
scientific communities to produce and publish new knowledge. Standards are
something established and followed to make new concepts easier, simpler and
clearer to follow, find and share.
It is important to say that there are standards not only for the sections, but also
for the content each section has to contain.
What can we find in each section of a research paper? Where inverted

commas (“”) were included, it means these concepts can be missing. They
are not compulsory.
What is it about? Brief and informative.

TITLE + ABSTRACT Remember the 5 moves (some may be
absent or in a different order).
Why did the author/s decide to start this
research?
Context – problem to be researched –
INTRODUCTION importance – research question.
The aim of the research is placed in the last
part of this section if not presented in a
section.
Who were the subjects of this research?
What procedures and instruments were
METHODS used to collect data?
Not only methods, but also justification for
their use.
What was found? Were these results
statistically significant?
RESULTS
Findings are summarized with headings
and informative figures.
To what extent did the results confirm the
authors hypotheses? Any references to
DISCUSSION
limitations or future studies?
The results are explained.
“CONCLUSIONS” What are the major findings?
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Section used to recognize by name, the

“ACKNOLEDGEMENTS” contribution of a mentor and / or people who
helped with the research.
REFERENCES Bibliography consulted.
3. Let’s practice what we have learned. Go back to previous exercise if

necessary. Based on this research paper solve these activities.
To do this activity, log into MieL and look for the link called Unit 3 – Academic
Literacy: Practice.
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1. Order this job interview answer. What question is this candidate
answering?
ORDER
It scared me to death to get away from my computer screen, but

I found the courage to call some of our biggest customers to
A
discuss what we’d developed and whether they could use it to
solve real-life problems.
We developers created an innovative piece of software, but the

B
sales team was too busy to give us much attention.
It was at that moment, when that deal closed, that I realized that
I loved selling and solving problems for customers more than I
C
loved programming.
And I’ve been in sales and marketing ever since!
A decade ago, I was working as a programmer in a group of about

D
100 in a remote development center.
I ended up speaking with an engineer at Lockheed Aerospace

and we figured out that our software would save them about a
E million dollars a year.
Lockheed ended up not just buying the prototype, but gave us the
upfront money to turn it into a real product.
Text adapted for pedagogical purposes from https://www.glassdoor.com/blog/importance-
story-telling-job-interview/
2. Identify the situation, task, action, and result in the previous story.
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3. Complete this job interview story with the verbs in brackets in the
Past Simple tense or Past Continuous tense.
Question:
Describe a time when you went beyond what was required to get the job
done.
Answer:
"I have always been willing to do whatever is necessary to get the job
done, but one time does stand out in my mind. Our team
1___________________ (prepare) a major proposal for a prospective
client. Our technology team leader 2_________________ (be) ill and he
3______________ (not come) to work for several days. I
4_________________ (jump) in to learn how to construct some complex
macros in Excel to showcase some key data and took the lead with
creating presentation slides for our pitch.
I 5_________________ (need) to work several evenings until midnight to
get the work done in time while I 6__________________ (perform) my
regular duties during the daytime. The client 7____________________
(end) up accepting our proposal and cited the quality of our presentation
exhibits as a key reason they went with us.”
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from https://www.thebalancecareers.com/anecdotal-

interview-questions-2061159
4. Complete this job interview story with the verbs in brackets in the
correct tense and voice.
A few years back I 1________________ (work) as a Service Advisor at car

dealership. One morning in our department staff meeting the Service
Manager 2_______________ (announce) that we 3__________________
(receive) an unacceptable amount of negative reviews for the service we
had been providing our customers. His solution was to create a committee
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that would analyze the situation and put forth actionable improvements,
and for this he 4________________ (ask) for volunteers.
I was eager for an opportunity to show that I was capable of taking on more
responsibility, and since I 5___________________ (be) a person who
6___________________ (enjoy) working in group situations, I was the first
to volunteer. I 7_____________________ (quickly- make) the leader of the
committee by my Service Manager, which put me in the position of the
leader of a group of 4 other people who 8_____________________ (task)
to come up with a solution.
Over the next three weeks we 9___________________ (analyze) each of
the customer services reports and 10______________________
(discover) that the vast majority of negative reviews were a result of

lengthy wait times for customers. Knowing that we had to come up with a
solution to decrease the amount of time our customers were left waiting, I
then 11________________ (lead) brainstorming sessions to find a way in
which the problem 12________________ (can fix). We zoned in on
changing the way our mechanics worked on each work order.
After implementing my suggestion, mechanics were able to focus mainly
on their specializations, which 13___________________ (mean) they
worked faster and more efficiently, which translated to wait times dropping
by 18%.
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from https://theinterviewguys.com/behavioral-

interview-questions-and-answers-101/
5. Read the answer in activity 6 quickly and choose the question the
applicant is answering.
a. “Tell me about a time when you were able to diffuse a situation.”

b. “Describe a situation in which you had to get creative to solve a
problem.”
c. “Tell me about a time when you were able to persuade someone to
change their mind.”
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6. Choose the correct connector.
The trucks at the retail store at which I worked as an assistant manager came
loaded by personnel at a distribution center, box-by-box. AFTER / WHEN
receiving a few trucks, I noticed that my employees were unloading broken
merchandise that took a lot of time to clean up BEFORE / AFTER the rest of the
truck could be finished. The broken glass, paint, or whatever material it was
prevented the employees from proceeding farther into the truck, causing more
person-hours than normal. I noticed that the merchandise was broken DUE TO /
BECAUSE heavier boxes were on top of lighter boxes. After a couple of days of
this situation, with productivity decreasing, I learned that the rest of the stores in
my district faced the same problem SO / BUT nobody seemed to be able to find
a solution. HOWEVER / AS A RESULT, I asked each store to take pictures of the
mess AS / SO the distribution centers could see exactly what was happening.
MOREOVER / THEREFORE, I asked each one to write down how many
additional person-hours it took to clean up the mess. After we gathered this
information for a four-week period, we had a pretty good estimate of how much
the company was losing. I took the information to my district manager. Once he
realized how much money his district was losing each month BECAUSE /
BECAUSE OF broken merchandise in the trucks, he contacted his regional
manager, and the trucks after that were loaded more carefully.
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from

http://katharinehansenphd.com/KHansen_PDE_for_UMI_PROQUEST.pdf
PRACTICE FOR THE SECOND EXAM

Read this ad and underline the information you can use to answer these job
interview questions:
a. What do you know about the company?

b. What can you tell us about yourself?
c. Describe a time in which you had to solve a conflict between two pro bono
lawyers of your team.
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Pro Bono Lawyer - 12-month fixed term

An exciting opportunity to support the Head of Pro Bono with the development and
management of the firm’s global pro bono practice, an important aspect of the firm’s
Responsible Business programme. This role will be part of the global pro bono team and
is based in London and will be offered as a 12-month fixed-term contract.
Freshfields Overview
Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer is a major international law firm, providing business law
advice of the highest quality. We want to be the law firm that clients turn to for legal
advice where it most matters, wherever in the world that may be. The Firm has over
2,400 lawyers in 28 offices around the world, providing a comprehensive service to
national and multinational corporations, financial institutions and governments.
Our culture is a product of the combined mindsets and behaviours of our people which
is through the Being Freshfields principles, outlined below:
● we show respect to everyone

● we are there for one another
● we are open with each other
● we are positive role models
We think and work globally - we don’t just say we are one firm; we act like one firm right
across the world. We work wherever our clients need us. This is how we define
ourselves, not by reference to where we have offices. Cross-border work isn’t just what
we do, it is what we excel at. We understand what it really takes to work across different
legal systems and commercial environments and to bridge language and cultural gaps.
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Freshfields is committed to promoting equality and diversity and to developing a culture

that values differences, recognising that employees from a variety of backgrounds make
important and positive contributions to our business and how we service our clients.
Pro Bono Practice
We provide free legal services in the public interest (pro bono) to a wide range of clients,
from individual asylum seekers to some of the world’s biggest charities. We believe
everyone should have effective access to their legal rights, and focus our effort on
promoting access to the rights of our target groups, including women, children, LGBT+
people, trafficking survivors and refugees.
Our aim is to have the greatest possible impact on access to justice and access to
opportunity, through deep relationships with our ongoing pro bono clients and by
proactively supporting them in addressing systemic issues. Our pro bono clients are
clients of the firm: we don’t distinguish internally between paid work and pro bono, and
often bring together cross-border, cross-practice teams as needed.
Key Requirements
● Qualified transactional lawyer

● Substantial prior experience of pro bono work in a law firm context, ideally as a
pro bono professional
● Solid legal research skills and appetite to develop existing and new areas of legal
expertise
● Able to interact with clients, fee earners and other colleagues at a senior level –
understands how to influence and operate across a global organisation
● Strong written and communication skills; quickly gains the confidence of those
they advise
● Able to prioritise and act on own initiative
● Thinks strategically; able to relate individual initiatives to the big picture
● Highly organised with strong attention to detail
● Resilient and able to cope under pressure
● Strong project management skills
Key Responsibilities and Deliverables
Reporting to the Head of Pro Bono, and working closely with the Senior Pro Bono
Lawyer, this role will involve:
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● maintaining and developing strategic pro bono client relationships

● providing pro bono client advice, supervision and internal knowledge support in
key legal areas relating to the firm’s pro bono practice (both local and international, with
a focus on transactional areas)
● development and management of pro bono collaborations with fee-paying
clients
● liaising with each of the firm’s practice groups and offices to place new pro bono
matters with a particular focus on our transactional teams - supporting their areas of
pro bono expertise (eg. social impact bonds) and exploring further opportunities for pro
bono work
● advising and supporting lawyers on their legal pro bono work including dealing
with technical queries from fee earners globally on ongoing pro bono mandates
● assisting with the co-ordination of the firm’s global pro bono practice in all
regions
● providing creative input on improving and shaping the firm’s pro bono practice
● delivering internal and external presentations on the firm’s pro bono practice
● oversee the collection and review of global pro bono data, and the production
of effective management information
Adapted for pedagogical purposes from https://freshfields.wd3.myworkdayjobs.com/en-

US/FBD_101/details/Pro-Bono-Lawyer---12-month-fixed-term_R-
01174?locationCountry=29247e57dbaf46fb855b224e03170bc7
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DEPARTAMENTO: DIRECCIÓN DE

ASIGNATURA: INGLÉS NIVEL III

CÓDIGO DE ASIGNATURA: 903

Prof. Cecilia de la Orden

Prof. Verónica Mailhes

Prof. Paola Marchegiani

Prof. Christian Minniti

Prof. Andrea Prado

Prof. Mariana Sanjurjo

Prof. Ana Claudia Saraceni

“To teach is to touch a life forever”

Thank you, Dr Efraín Davis for your everlasting teaching touch!

Section 1 – Let’s Recall: Work Environments 3

Grammar Stop: Describing Working Environments 7

Virtual Work – Preparation for Oral Intervention 1 8

Section 2 – Before The Job Interview 11

Part B: Two important questions to prepare before a job interview 13

Question 1: What do you know about the company? 14

Grammar Stop: How to speak about your knowledge of a company 16

Question 2: What can you tell us about yourself? 17

Grammar Stop: Useful Expressions to Describe an Applicant’s Profile 21

Grammar Stop: The Present Perfect Tense 22

Virtual Work – Oral Intervention 2 23

Section 3 – Short Story 24

Action Will Be Taken (Part 1) 24

Section 4 – Academic Literacy 31

Section 5 – Extra Practice 38

Unit 2 – The Job Interview 44

Section 1 – Questions in a Job Interview 44

Grammar Stop: Questions 45

Grammar Stop: Tenses Used During a Job Interview 48

Grammar Stop: Tenses Used During a Job Interview (Continuation) 51

Section 2 – Short Story 54

Action will be taken (Part 2) 54

Action Will Be Taken, by Heinrich Böll (Part 2) 56

Getting ready for Oral Intervention 3 58

Section 3 – Academic Literacy 61

Section 4 – Extra Practice 68

Unit 3 – Problem Solving Skills: How to demonstrate them at an interview 79

Section 1 – Why are problem solving skills so revelant to be hired? 79

GRAMMAR STOP: How to ask and answer hypothetical problem solving

Making Suppositions about the Present 82

Section 2 – The S.T.A.R. Model 84

GRAMMAR STOP: How to Organise Your Answer to a Problem-solving

GRAMMAR STOP: Connectors 91

Practice for the Second Exam 94

Section 3 – Academic Literacy 97

Section 4 – Extra Practice 100

Practice for the Second Exam 103

UNIT 1 – FINDING THE RIGHT PLACE

strict timetables – strict dress codes-rewards for exceptional performance –

4. Watch the video again and tick ( ) the sections mentioned.

The work environment at Google

How they learn

How they work

Google is a 1growing company / developed company. The work environment

technology / meeting offices, to work. They work in 6open offices / closed

GRAMMAR STOP: DESCRIBING WORKING ENVIRONMENTS

HOW TO DESCRIBE WORKING ENVIRONMENTS

VIRTUAL WORK – PREPARATION FOR ORAL INTERVENTION 1

Purl, a pink ball of yarn, begins an entry level position at a company

Purl finally returns to her original appearance.

Purl’s partners, who are all men, ignore her.

Purl tries to fit in but fails.

A B C D

E F G __