8

English
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
CITING SOURCES
English – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery M ode
Quarter 1 – M odule 2: Citing Sources
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall

subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior
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brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their
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over them.

Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

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 8
English
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Citing Sources
Introductory M essage
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the ENGLISH 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) M odule 2 on

Citing Sources!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

WHY SHOULD WE READ?

Ultimately, it is to understand life with its

thousand facets and to learn how to live life.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the
module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the English 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) M odule on
Citing Sources!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

ii
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to
competencies you are expected to learn
Know
in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims

What I Know to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide
to skip this module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you
What’s In link the current lesson with the previous
one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
What’s New introduced to you in various ways; a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion
What is It of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
What’s More practice to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check
the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have This includes questions or blank

Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
This section provides an activity which
What I Can Do will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate
Assessment your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.

iii
 In this portion, another activity will be
Additional Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in

the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENT PAGES

TITLE PAGE -------------------------------------------- i

INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE ------------------------------ --- ii

For the Facilitator --------------------------------- ii
For the learner ----------------------------------------- ii

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW ------------------------------- 1

Learning Competency --------------------------------- 1
Learning Objectives --------------------------------- 1

WHAT I KNOW ------------------------------------------------ 1-2

WHAT’S IN ------------------------------------------------ 2-3

WHAT’S NEW ------------------------------------------------ 3

Task 1 ------------------------------------------------ 3-4
Task 2 ------------------------------------------------ 4

WHAT IS IT ------------------------------------------------ 5-12

WHAT’S MORE ------------------------------------------------ 12-13

Task 3 ------------------------------------------------ 12-13

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED ----------------------------- 13

WHAT I CAN DO ---------------------------------------- 14

Task 4 ------------------------------------------------ 14

ASSESSMENT ------------------------------------------------ 14
Additional Activity ---------------------------------- 15

GLOSSARY ------------------------------------------------ 16

ANSWER KEYS ------------------------------------------------ 17

REFERENCE LIST -------------------------------------------- 18

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 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This lesson on citing sources is specifically designed to help you learn

the proper way to cite sources to avoid plagiarism and adhere to citation
styles.
Citing sources is an academic convention for keeping track of sources
that influenced your own thinking and research. It is important to cite
sources you used in your research for several reasons: to show your reader
you’ve done proper research by listing sources you used to get your
information, and to be a responsible scholar by giving credit to other
researchers and acknowledging their ideas.
(https://courses.lumenlearning.com)
As learners, you are expected to produce coherent and focused multi-
paragraph essays. In this regard, it is very significant to your learning to use
citations competently for you to become effective and responsible writers.
Learning Competency:
EN8SS-IIe-1.2 Use conventions in citing sources.
Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

1. get familiarized with the formats in citing sources.
2. apply the different formats for basic bibliographic information both
MLA and APA.
3. show the value on the importance of citing sources.

WHAT I KNOW

Directions: Read each item carefully and then provide the correct
answer. W rite your answers in your notebook.
A. Determine whether the statement is TRUE of FALSE.
1. APA styles and MLA styles in citing sources follow the same formats.
2. Each entry should end with a period.
3. There is only one format in citing sources.
4. Italics may be substituted by underlining.

5.MLA stands for Modern Language Association, while APA stands for
American Psychological Association

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B. Study the format, identify whether it used APA or M LA and tell what
kind of reference material it is.
6. The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2003.

7. Foreman, Red, Elizabeth Benneth, and Tom Collins. “In Forecasting Their
Emotions Most People Flunk Out.” New York Times 16 Feb. 1999.

8. Allen, T. (1974). Vanishing Wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.

National Geographic Society.

9. Van Delay, Art. Seinfield: The Show About Nothing. New York: Penguin
Books, 1997.

10. Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today’s schools.
Time, 135,28-31.

WHAT’S IN

The previous module was all about noting context clues. It has provided
appropriate activities as well as a precise explanation of the topic.

This time, try recall what you have learned about context clue by
answering the following.

Read the following sentences carefully. Pick out the clues that help
you unlock the meaning of the italicized word and identify the exact
meaning. Cite your source where you get its meaning using either MLA or
APA.

1. Poems written by Andres Mojica are usually unfathomable. Many

could hardly understand the message he wants to convey.
2. Biodegradable materials like leftovers foods, fruit peeling, and
plants leaves must be separated from those that do not decompose.
3. The pleasant, calm, and gentle breeze during the months of
January and February make the balmy air more conducive for
sleeping and relaxation.
4. The stratification in the society makes clear distinctions between
the rich and the poor. The level occupied by the rich is far from the
position the poor people hold.
5. The floors of the restaurant were extremely skuzzy. They were
covered with spilled grease, crumbs of food, and cigarette butts.

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 Answer the following questions:

1. Where did you get the clue to the meaning of the italicized word
in each item above? How about its exact meaning?
2. Did you able to cite the source where you get the exact meaning
of the word? How did you do it?
3. Why do you think it is necessary to cite the source?
4. Do you have background knowledge on how to cite source?
5. Is it difficult for you to cite the source?

There is no problem if you have encountered difficulties in citing

the source where you get the exact meaning of the word. The next
lesson will guide and provide you accurate information that will help
you learn about citing sources.

WHAT’S NEW

Task :1 Supply Me

Direction: Copy the table and supply the needed information. Reference
materials are given below.

1. (APA)
MacDonald, R.G. (2007). Biochemistry. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

2. (M LA)
“Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action.” Environmental Defense
Fund, 8 May 2007. Web24 May 2009.

Author’s First Middle Publication Book Place of Publisher

Last Name Initia Initial Date Title/Article Publication
l Title

1. What type of bibliography is used in the given examples?

2. What punctuation marks are used in the reference list?

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3. How does each punctuation mark function in the bibliographic entry?
4. Are these punctuation marks important? Why? Why not?

Task 2: Difference in me

Direction: Study the given format in citing sources. Spot the similarities
and differences. Copy and fill in the Venn Diagram below.

* Boorstin, D. (1992). The creators: A History of the Heroes of the

Imagination. New York: Random House.(APA)

* Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth or Reality?: The Erring Ways of

Climatology. New York: Springer, 2005. (M LA)

Differences Differences
Similarities

Explore!
Answer the questions briefly.
1. What did you learn from the activities?
2. Do the activities provide you the idea on how to cite sources?
3. How did you accomplish task 1? How about task 2?
4. Does citing sources follow a format?
5. Do you think different references follow the same format? Explain

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 WHAT IS IT

APA vs MLA: The key differences

Date published January 9, 2020 by Shona McCombes.
Date updated: February 19, 2020

APA and M LA are two of the most commonly used citation styles.

The APA manual (published by the American Psychological Association) is

mostly used in social science and education fields.

The MLA handbook (published by the Modern Language Association) is

mostly used in humanities fields.

In both styles, a source citation consists of:

 A brief parenthetical citation in the text

 A full reference at the end of the paper

However, citations look slightly different in each style, with different rules
for things like title capitalization, author names, and placement of the date.

There are also some differences in layout and formatting. The MS Word has
templates for a correctly formatted paper in either style, however, it is still
best to learn about it from memory when no template is available.

Study the table in the next page.

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This article follows the 8th edition of MLA style and the 6th edition of APA style .

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In-text citations in APA and MLA
Both MLA and APA use parenthetical citations to cite sources in the text.
However, they include slightly different information.

An APA in-text citation includes the author’s last name and the publication
year. If you’re quoting or paraphrasing a specific passage, you also add a
page number.

An MLA in-text citation includes the author’s last name and a page number.

The two styles also have different rules about when to shorten citations with
“et al.” Check the table to compare in-text citations for APA and MLA.

APA M LA

1 author (Taylor, 2018, p. 23) (Taylor 23)

2 authors (Taylor & Kotler, 2018, p. 23) (Taylor and

Kotler 23)

3–5 First citation: (Taylor, Kotler, Johnson, & (Taylor et al. 23)
authors Parker, 2018, p. 23)

Subsequent citations: (Taylor et al., 2018, p. 23)

6+ (Taylor et al., 2018, p. 23) (Taylor et al. 23)
authors

In-text citation samples

According to new research (Smith, 2019, pp. 11–12) …

As mentioned before (Smith, 2019, pp. 11–12) …
(See Smith, 2019)
https://www.scribbr.com/citing-sources/apa-vs-mla/

Citation is often used to cite a piece of work. This is to acknowledge

the contribution of the other writers and researchers in your work. It is also
a way to give credit to the writers from whom you borrowed words and ideas.
Failure to cite basically means that you are claiming that the entire
paper and all its information are yours. That is untrue and it’s called
plagiarism, an act of taking words, ideas or information as your own.
In writing or speaking, always give credit whenever you use: another
person’s idea, opinion, or theory, any facts, statistics, graphs, drawing-any
piece of information-that are common knowledge, quotations of another

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person’s spoken or written words and paraphrase of another person’s
spoken and written words.
The purpose of a citation is usually to provide support or evidence for
what you are saying; it tells the reader where this support or evidence can
be found, and it typically does this by providing a reference to bibliography,
a list of detailed bibliographic information provided at the end of the
document.
Citation style has a set of rules on how to cite sources in academic
writing.

Basic rules for MLA cited lists are:

 All citations should be doubled space

 Indent after the first line of each entry (hanging indent)
 Entries are not numbered; Alphabetize by the first word of the entry
 If no author is listed, begin with title
 Italics must be used for titles of books and periodicals ( If italics are
used, the font must be obviously different from the standard print)
 CAPITALIZE titles of books and articles according to convention, no
matter how they appear in database or catalog.
 Editions of books are noted after the title in the following format: 2 nd
ed., First editions are not listed as such. If no edition is listed, omit
the edition section.
 Dates are in Day Month Year (e.g. 12 Dec 1992) with all months
abbreviated to three letters followed by a period
( Jan.,Feb.,Mar.,Apr.,Aug.,Oct.,Nov.,Dec.) except May, June and July,
which are as is and Sept.
 Page numbers in MLA are sometimes shortened. If the page numbers
are three or more digits, shorten the second number to two digits
when possible.. Examples: 8-9; 44-49; 112-23; 492-506; 1253-66.
 Omit http:// when using electronic sources
 For database sources, use the permalink as the URL.

Basic rules for APA:

 All citations should be double spaced; Indent after the first line of
each entry
 Alphabetize by the first word of the entry; entries are not numbered
 Editions of books are noted after the title in the following format: (2 nd
ed.) First editions are not listed as such If no edition is listed, omit the
edition section
 Italics must be used for books and periodical titles
 CAPITALIZE ONLY the first word of a title, the first word of a subtitle,
and proper nouns in titles of books and articles, no matter how they
appear in a database or catalog
 Use the abbreviations p. or pp. only for multi-page newspapers
articles, encyclopedia entries, and chapters or articles in edited books;

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 Do not use the abbreviation p. or pp. (or any other abbreviation) for
magazine and journal articles.
 Dates are in Year, Month Day format ( e.g. 1999, December 20)
 If no author is listed, begin with title
 Date is in parenthesis after the author’s name ( or title if no author is
listed)
 Use (n.d.) if no date is given
 Personal Communication includes: private letters, memos, some
electronic communication ( i.e. email or messages from nonarchival
discussion groups) personal interviews, telephone conversations, etc.
These types of communication are not recoverable data and therefore
should not be included on the Reference page. Cite communication in
text only.

When to Cite Sources:

1. Summary
When you summarize or briefly describe a passage written by an
author, an in-text citation is needed. This is when you read a text,
consider the main points, and provide a shorter version of what you
learned. Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own
words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to
attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are
significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the
source material.
2. Paraphrase
A restatement of an idea in roughly the same length as the
author originally described it. This is when you restate what the
original author said in your own words and in your own tone.
Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from source material into
your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original
source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original
passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and
condensing it slightly.
3. Quotation
The exact same words as the author used, presented between
quotation marks. If you are stating word-for-word what someone else
has already written, you must give credit to the original author. Not
doing so would mean that you’re letting your reader believe these
words are your own and represent your own effort. Quotations must
be identical to the original, using a narrow segment of the source.
They must match the source document word for word and must be
attributed to the original author.

Include an in-text citation when you summarize, paraphrase, or quote

from another source.

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 APA Reference List vs. MLA Works Cited list
APA (American Psychological Association) and MLA (Modern Language
Association) can be used to cite a source. In both APA and MLA style, you
list full details of all cited sources on a separate page at the end of your
paper. In APA this is usually called the Reference List; in MLA it is called
the W orks Cited

The following show the format of APA and MLA citation styles.

Reference List

Author’s last name,first initial. (Publication date).Book title. Additional

information. Place of publication:Publishing company.

Smith, T. (2019). Citing sources and referencing: A quick guide. (J. M. Taylor,
Ed.) (2nd ed.). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Scribbr.

Below are examples on how APA may be used for various resources.

APA Documentation Style

A W riting Centre Handout
References

W ork by a corporate author:

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the
American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

W ork by one author:

Zinsser, W. (1994). On writing well (5th ed.). New York, NY: HarperCollins.

W ork by multiple authors:

Coffin, C., Curry, M. J., Goodman, S., Hewings, A., Lillis, T. M., & Swann, J.
(2003). Teaching academic writing: A toolkit for higher education. New York,
NY: Routledge.

Journal article:
Shamoon, L. K., & Burns, D. H. (1995). A critique of pure tutorin g. The
Writing Centre Journal, 15(2), 134-151.

Online journal article with digital object identifier (DOI) 1:

1When no DOI is available, include the URL by replacing “doi:…” with
“Retrieved from http://…”.
Baranoff, E.G., & Sager, T.W. (2009). The impact of mortgage-backed
securities on capital requirements of life insurers in the financial crisis of
2007-2008. The Geneva Papers, 34, 100-118. doi:10.1057/gpp.2008.40

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W ebsite (no publication date given, no DOI):
Proctor, M. (n.d.). Standard documentation formats. Retrieved from Writing
at the University of Toronto website:
http://www.writing.utoronto.ca/advice/using-sources/documentation

Book chapter:

Bazerman, C. (1997). The life of genre, the life in the classroom. In W.

Bishop & H. Ostrom (Eds.), Genre and writing: Issues, arguments,
alternatives (pp. 19-26). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

Entry in an online reference work, no author or editor:

Heuristic. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary (11th ed.). Retrieved
from http://www.mw.com/dictionary/heuristic

W orks Cited

M LA Documentation Style – 8th Edition:

A W riting Centre Handout
W orks Cited

Author’s last name, first name. Title of source. Publisher. Publication Date.

Below are examples on how MLA may be used for various resources.

W ork by a corporate author:

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 6th ed.,

American Psychological Association, 2010.

W ork by one author:

Zinsser, William. On Writing Well. 5th ed., HarperCollins Publishers, 1994.

W ork by two authors:

Dorris, Michael, and Louise Erdrich. The Crown of Columbus. HarperCollins
Publishers, 1999.

W ork by three or more authors:

Coffin, Caroline, et al. Teaching Academic Writing: A Toolkit for Higher
Education. Routledge, 2003.

Journal article:
Shamoon, Linda K., and Deborah H. Burns. “A Critique of Pure Tutoring.”
The Writing Centre Journal, vol. 15, no. 2, 1995, pp. 134-51.

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Online source:
Dimanno, Rosie. “Hillary Clinton may be a good fit for mayor of NYC.” The
Toronto Star, 16 Jan. 2017,
https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2017/01/16/mayor-of-nyc-might-
fit-hillary-clintondimanno.html. Accessed 31 Jan. 2017

Online source with no author:

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and
Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.

Book chapter:
Hughes, Langston. “Red-Headed Baby.” The Oxford Book of American Short
Stories, edited by Joyce Carol Oates, Oxford UP, 1992, pp. 365-370

WHAT’S MORE

Task 3: Fix me

Arrange the information on the different sources. Present them as APA

and M LA citations.

1. BOOK
* Author: Edward Cornish
* Title: Futuring: The Exploration of the Future
* City of Publication: Bethesda, Maryland
* Publisher: World Future Society
* Date: 2004
2. Magazine Article
* Author: Carmen Wong
* Article Title: Stop Stressing Over Money- Now!
* Magazine Title: Health
* Date: April 2006
* Pages: 126 – 128
3. Website
* Title of Page: Children’s Alliance: Child Obesity
* Title of Site: Children’s Alliance
* Date of access: use today’s date
* URL (Web address)
https://www.chilldrensalliance.org/childfacts/childhood-obesityy.cfm

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4. Magazine
* Author: Ann McGrath
* Article Title: A new Read on Teen Literacy
* Magazine Title: U.S. News & World Report
* Date: February 28, 2005
* Pages: 68-70

5. Newspaper Article
* Author: James ‘Oneill
* Article Title: Richland is Given Award for Quality Management
* Newspaper Title: Dallas Morning News
* Date: April 20, 2006
* Pages: 6B

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Reflect!

Reflection helps you grow and develop understanding more deeply so

you can work continuously for self-improvement as a student. In line with
this, you are to share your learning insight /reflection here about the lesson
that you have learned a while ago by simply completing the following. Write
them in your notebook

I have learned that

______________________________________________________________________

I have realized that

______________________________________________________________________

I will apply
_______________________________________________________________________

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 WHAT I CAN DO

Task 4: Look at me

Look for a quotation, then cite the source using the APA and MLA styles.

ASSESSMENT

Assess what you have learned!

Answer the questions briefly.

1.. What does citing a source mean?

2. What are the styles in citing sources?
3. What does APA mean? MLA?
4-6. What are the three ways to cite a source?
7. How is APA different from MLA?
8. Why is it important to cite a source?
9. Arrange the given entry.Use APA format.
Lee, H. New York, NY: Warner Books. To kill a mockingbird. (1982).
(APA Citation Worksheets (based on APA 6th ed., updated Nov. 2016)
10. When documenting one author (MLA) in reference in a text, which is
correct?
a. This point has been argued before (Frye 197).
b. This point has been argued before. (Glenn Frye, 197)
c. This point has been argued before. (Frye 197)
d. This point has been argued before (Frye, 197).

https://studylib.net/doc/8020080/mla-a pa-worksheet

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 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

Prepare a bibliography for the following reference Use MLA for

numbers 1-2 and APA for numbers 3-5.

1. You have written an essay. Some of the details were taken from a
book. The book is written by Len Brylle C. Arms in the year 1978.
The title of the book is Guide to English Writing which was
published in Chicago by World Book.
2. The author of the reference you are using is not stated. It was
published in 1999 in London with the title London Bridge by Zues
publication.
3. A magazine article by Marie Archimedes in Lifestyle for Good
magazine. The name of the article is Forever Young. It can be found
on pages 8-12 of the 26 Oct. 1997 issue.
4. Website. Article by Bin Son. The address is http//143443. The
article is called Koreans Excel in Acting. The name of the website is
Soar Korea. You saw the article on August. 15, 1981. It was put on
the internet on September 25, 1982.
5. You are asked to provide a definition of a word, SUPERTITIOUS,
You have taken the correct definition of the word using the
Merriam- Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary 10th edition. It was
published in the year 1993 by the Springfield, MA: Merriam-
Webster.

15
 GLOSSARY

The following terms used in the module are defined as follows:

APA (American Psychological Association) - is a writing style and format

for academic documents such as scholarly journal articles and book.

Bibliography - a list often with descriptive or critical notes of writings

relating to a particular subject, period, or author.

Citation – an act of quoting.

Format - general plan of organization, arrangement, or choice of materials.

Source - one that supplies information.

16
 17
Answer Key
W hat I Know
1. False
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. True
6. Journal - MLA
7. Book – MLA
8. Book – APA
9. Journal – APA
10. Magazine – APA
W hat’s In
1-10 – Answers may vary
W hat’s New
Task 1 Find me
Answers may vary
Task 2 Difference in me
Similarities– includes all the important information about the source.
title of the reference material is italicized.
Differences – placement of the year of publication.
In the first format, only the initial name of the author is written;
in the second format the full name of the author is written.
Explore:
1. Answers may vary.
2.Yes
3. Answers may vary.
4. Yes
5. Yes, (answers may vary)
W hat’s More
Task 3 Fix Me
1. Cornish, Edward. Futuring: The Exploration of the Future. World Future Society : Bethesda,
Maryland, 2004. (MLA)
Cornish, E. , (2004). Futuring: The Exploration of the Future. World Future Society :
Bethesda, Maryland. (APA)
2. Wong, Carmen. “Stop Stressing Over Money- Now!.” Health, April 2006, Pages 126 – 128.(MLA)
Wong, Carmen. (April 2006). “Stop Stressing Over Money- Now!.” Health, Pages 126 –
128.(APA)
Additional Ac tivities:
Arms, Len Brylle C. Guide to Writing English. Chicago: World Book, 1978.
1. London Bridge. London: Zues Publication, 1999.
2. Archimedes, M. (1997, October 26). Forever young. Lifestyle for Good, 8-12.
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https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/choosingsources/&ved=

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