A

TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(S.I.W.E.S)

UNDERTAKEN AT

PRIMA MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS

ILE-IFE, OSUN STATE

BY

ADEBISI ROHEEMAT OLUWATOMILOLA

FPI/SLT/22/1-008

i
 A TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

PRIMA MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS

ILE-IFE, OSUN STATE

BY

ADEBISI ROHEEMAT OLUWATOMILOLA

FPI/SLT/22/1-008

A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE

LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY,

SCHOOL OF APPILED SCIENCE,

FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILE OLUJI, ILE OLUJI ONDO

STATE

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

AWARD OF NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN SCIENCE LABORATORY

TECHNOLOGY.

FEBRUARY 2024

ii
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that ADEBISI ROHEEMAT OLUWATOMILOLA with

Matriculation Number FPI/SLT/22/1-008 of the department of Science Laboratory and

technology Federal Polytechnic Ile Oluji, Ile Oluji Ondo State, in having met the

standard as required by the institution.:

ADEBISI ROHEEMAT OLUWATOMILOLA ……………………

Student Signature & Date

MRS. AGUNDE O.S …………………

Dept. SIWES Coordinator Signature & Date

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 DEDICATION

This report is dedicated to Almighty God

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I appreciate God Almighty for granting me the grace and the opportunity to be alive till

this moment to complete this SIWES program successfully.

I also appreciate the management and the staff of Prima Medical Diagnosis for the

opportunity to undergo my S IWES program with them.

My sincere appreciation goes to the Head of the Department of Science Laboratory

Technology Mr. Omotoso T.P and all the amazing staff of Science laboratory for

taking me under their tutelage and their patient in teaching and equipping me with

diverse managerial and knowledge.

Also, my appreciation goes to my parents and to everyone who supported me

financially, physically and also in prayers, May God Bless you all.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page

Title Page ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Table of Contents vi

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of (SIWES) 1
1.2 Aims and Objectives of SIWES 2
1.3 Bodies Involved in the Management of SIWES 2

1.4 Brief History of organization 4

1.5 Organizational Structure 4

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Description of Workdone 5

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Contribution` to organization 16

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Conclusion 17
4.2 Problem(s) Encountered During the Training 17
4.3 Recommendation 17

References 18

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vii
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Student Industrial training is the process of learning, acquiring skills, needed in an

industry for a job to be done. It is a very important factor in the development of the

student, industries and even the society at large. This program is aimed at exposing the

student to the various machines and equipment, professional work ethics and ways of

safe guarding the work areas in industries as well as other parastatals. This is an effort

which was created in order to bridge the existing gap between the theory taught in the

classroom and practice of science, Agriculture, Medicine, Engineering, Technology and

other professional programs in the Nigerian tertiary institutions. The program was

established basically to impact and elaborate practical understanding to student through

a process of relation to academic knowledge and practical industrial application would

understand the underlying principles and become focused and acquire the practical

application towards excellence in his/her discipline.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDENT INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

It is against this background that the government’s decree No.47 of 8 th October, 1971 as

amended in 1990, highlighted the capacity building of human resources in industry,

commerce and government, through training and retraining of workers in order to

effectively provide the much-needed quality goods and services in a dynamic economy

as ours. This led to the establishment of the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in

1973/1974. Afterwards, the establishment of the Students Industrial Work Experience

Scheme (SIWES), by Industrial Training Fund (ITF), in 1993/1994 followed suit to

acquaint students with skills of handling employer’s equipment and machinery.

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1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORKSHOP

EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

AIMS:

i. Provide avenue for students to acquire industrial skill and experience in their

approved course.

ii. Prepare students for their industrial work situation which are likely to meet after

graduation.

OBJECTIVES:

i. Provide avenue for student in institutions of higher learn skills and have

experiences in their course of study.

ii. Earn placement and strengthen employee’s involvement in the educational

process if preparing student for employment in industries.

iii. Provide opportunity for student to apply their knowledge in real practical work

1.3 BODIES INVOLVED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SIWES

The bodies involved in the management of SIWES are;

i. Federal government.

ii. Industrial Training Funds (ITF).

iii. Other supervising agencies which include; National University Commission

(NUC), National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) and National Council

for College of Education (NCCE).

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1.4 IMPORTANCE OF SIWES TO STUDENTS

SIWES stands for Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme. It is a program

designed to expose students in tertiary institutions to practical work experience in their

field of study, typically for a period of four months. The importance of SIWES can be

outlined as follows:

Practical Exposure: SIWES provides students with the opportunity to gain practical

experience in their chosen field. This hands-on experience helps students to understand

theoretical concepts better and apply them in real-world situations.

Skill Development: Through SIWES, students have the chance to develop important

skills relevant to their discipline. This includes technical skills, problem-solving

abilities, communication skills, teamwork, and time management skills.

Industry Relevance: SIWES helps students to understand the practical aspects of their

field and how it applies to the industry. This firsthand experience can guide students in

aligning their academic pursuits with the demands and realities of the job market.

Networking Opportunities: During SIWES, students interact with professionals in

their field, which can lead to valuable networking opportunities. These connections can

be beneficial for future job prospects, mentorship, and gaining insights into the

industry.

Employability: SIWES enhances students' employability by providing them with

relevant work experience. Employers often prefer candidates with practical experience,

and SIWES provides students with a platform to acquire this experience before entering

the workforce.

Career Exploration: SIWES allows students to explore different career paths within

their field of study. By working in various departments or roles during their industrial

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training, students can better understand their interests and strengths, helping them make

informed career decisions.

Personal Development: Beyond academic and professional skills, SIWES also

contributes to students' personal development. They learn to adapt to work

environments, manage responsibilities, and develop a sense of professionalism and

work ethic.

Curriculum Enhancement: SIWES serves as a bridge between academic learning and

practical application. Feedback from SIWES placements can help educational

institutions update and enhance their curriculum to better meet the needs of the

industry.

1.5 BRIEF HISTORY OF PRIMA MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS

In 2023, against the backdrop of advancing medical technology and a growing demand

for more accurate and accessible healthcare solutions, Prima Medical Diagnosis

emerged as a trailblazer in the field. Founded by visionary entrepreneurs with a passion

for improving healthcare outcomes, Prima embarked on a journey to revolutionize

medical diagnosis through cutting-edge technology and a commitment to patient-

centric care.

1.6 OBJECTIVES OF THE MEDICAL CENTRE

i. To enhance health awareness

ii. To promote health ( physical, mental, social, and emotional well being) of both

students and staff to enhance effective productivity at work and learning.

iii. To ensure quick access to basic health care.

iv. To provide mandate health screening for students registration.

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 1.6 ORGANOGRAM OF PRIMA MEDICAL CARE

Chief Medical Officer

Consulting Pharmacy Nursing Laboratory Admin Records

Unit Unit unit Unit unit unit

Medical Senior Senior

Medical Health Secretary
officer 1 Pharmacist Nursing
Lab Record
officer Assistant
scientist Clerical
Officer
Nursing
officer I Medical Lab
Technician

Nursing
officer II Medical Lab
Assistant

Figure 1.1: Organizational Chart of prima Medical Care

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 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF WORKDONE

2.1 SOME LABORATORY EQUIPMENT WITH THEIR USES

i. Microscope:

This is an instrument used for viewing object that are too small to be seen by

the naked eye.

ii. Pipette:

It is used for collecting liquid samples, such as serum, urine and distilled

water

iii. Injection Syringe/Needle:

This is used for collection and storage of sample like serum, aspirate or ascetic fluid.

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 iv. Edta Container:

It is a container that contains anticoagulant for storing blood sample to avoid

clothing

v. Refrigerator:

It is used for preservation, cooling of sample, reagent for biochemical test and

also storage of sterile media to prevent dehydration

vi. Test Tube:

Used for collection and storage of sample, mixing reagent and culturing of

microorganism.

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 vii. Lancet:

It is used to pinch a patient to collect their blood sample

viii. Centrifuge:

it is used to hasten the sedimentation or deposition of substance, cells or cellular

materials suspended in liquid or suspension.

How to collect blood samples

i. Prepare the instrument needed

ii. Prepare the Patient

iii. Choose a suitable vein for venipuncture, typically the arm (inner elbow) or

dorsal hand.

iv. Look for a vein that is visible

v. Cleanse the skin over the selected venipuncture site with an alcohol swab

and allow it to dry completely.

vi. Put on gloves to protect yourself and the patient from potential exposure to

blood borne pathogens.

vii. Apply a tourniquet above the intended venipuncture site to help visualize

and access the veins.

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 viii. Anchor the vein by gently pulling the skin taut below the venipuncture site

to stabilize the vein and prevent it from rolling.

ix. Insert the needle into the vein at a slight angle with the bevel facing up.

Observe for flashback of blood into the needle hub, indicating successful

needle placement in the vein.

x. Once blood flow is established, remove the tourniquet to prevent excessive

venous congestion.

xi. Collect the required volume of blood into the appropriate collection tubes by

allowing them to fill passively through vacuum suction or by using a

syringe to withdraw blood manually.

xii. Gently mix the blood in each collection tube by inverting them several

times to ensure proper mixing with any additives or anticoagulants present

Test carried out in the laboratory

Malaria Parasite Test

A malaria parasite test, also known as a malaria diagnostic test, is a medical

examination used to detect the presence of the malaria parasite in a person's blood.

Malaria is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, which

are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Early

diagnosis and prompt treatment of malaria are essential for preventing complications

and reducing transmission.

Blood Group Test

The test to determine your blood group is called ABO typing. Your blood sample is

mixed with antibodies against type A and B blood. Then, the sample is checked to see

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whether or not the blood cells stick together. If blood cells stick together, it means the

blood reacted with one of the antibodies.

Packed Cell Volume

Value of Test:

The packed cell volume also called hematocrit, is used to calculate the mean cell

hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean cell volume (MCV). These red cell

indices are used in the investigation of anemia. The PCV is also used to screen for

anemia when it is not possible to measure hemoglobin, and to diagnose polychaemia

vera and to monitor its treatment. It is suitable for screening large clinic populations’

e.g. antenatal

2.2 PROCEDURES TO CARRY-OUT THE TESTS

a. Malaria Parasite Test

Malaria causes symptoms that include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and headaches. In

severe cases, it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma or death. Symptoms usually

begin ten to fifteen days after been bitten. If not properly treated, people may have

recurrence of the disease months later. In those who have recently survived the

infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. This partial resistance

disappears over months to years if the person has no continuing exposure to malaria

parasite.

MATERIALS: Lancet, Buffer, Stop watch, Malaria testpacket, Capilary tube, Hand

gloves

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PROCEDURES:

1. Prepare the Patient: Explain the procedure to the patient and ensure they are

comfortable. Wash your hands and put on hand gloves to maintain hygiene.

2. Prepare the Lancet: Remove the lancet from its packaging. Ensure it is sterile and

ready for use.

3. Prepare the Test Kit: Open the malaria test packet and remove the test strip(s) and

the buffer solution. Keep the buffer solution at room temperature.

4. Collect Blood Sample: Clean the patient's fingertip with an alcohol swab and allow

it to dry. Using the lancet, puncture the fingertip to draw a small amount of blood.

Gently massage the finger to encourage blood flow.

5. Transfer Blood: Using a capillary tube, collect a small volume of blood from the

fingertip puncture. Be careful not to touch the tip of the capillary tube to avoid

contamination.

6. Apply Blood to Test Strip: Place the test strip on a clean, flat surface. Using the

capillary tube, carefully apply the blood sample to the circular well or sample pad on

the test strip. Ensure that an adequate amount of blood is applied as per the

manufacturer's instructions.

7. Add Buffer Solution: Immediately after applying the blood sample, add a few drops

of the buffer solution to the buffer well on the test strip. Ensure that the buffer solution

completely covers the well.

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8. Start Timer: Start the stopwatch to time the test. Follow the manufacturer's

instructions regarding the required incubation time for the test.

9. Interpret Results: After the specified incubation period, visually inspect the test

strip for the appearance of colored lines in the test and control regions. A positive result

is indicated by the presence of colored lines in both regions, while a negative result

shows only a colored line in the control region. Invalid results may occur if no colored

line appears in the control region.

b. Blood Grouping and Rhesus Typing

Blood grouping/typing is a test that tells what specific type of blood you have. The type

of blood you have depends on whether or not there are certain proteins, called antigens,

on your red blood cells. Blood is often grouped according to the ABO blood typing

system. This method breaks blood types into four types, namely,

 Type A

 Type B

 Type AB

 Type O

Rhesus factor is an inherited protein found on the surface of the red blood cells. It is

usually determined along with the blood type of an individual. Rhesus positive is the

most common type.

Ones blood type and Rhesus factor depends on the types that are been passed down

to them from their parents.

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MATERIALS: Anti-sera A, anti-sera B, anti-sera C, white tile, and test sample.

PROCEDURE:

1. I dropped a drop of antibody against type A, B and D (for determining the

Rhesus factor) separately on a clean white tile.

2. Then, I applied another drop of the blood sample beside each antibody.

3. I mixed the blood sample with each of the antibody.

4. I carefully rocked the white tiles and checked for agglutination.

NOTE: Agglutination (if blood sticks together) = Positive

No agglutination (if blood does not stick together) = Negative

RESULT:

A B D Result

_ _ + O Rh Positive

_ _ _ O Rh Negative

+ _ + A Rh Positive

+ _ _ A Rh Negative

_ + + B Rh Positive

_ + _ B Rh Negative

+ + + AB Rh
Positive

+ + - AB Rh Negative

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 NOTE: + = agglutination

_ = no agglutination

Rh = rhesus

c. PACKED CELL VOLUME

Specimen:

To measure the PCV, either well mixed well oxygenated EDTA anti coagulated blood

can be used or capillary blood collected into a heparinized capillary.

Equipment: Microhaematocrit reader, centrifuge, needle, syringe, capillary tube.

Procedure

1. About three quarters fills either a plain capillary with well mixed EDTA

anticoagulated blood (tested within 4 hours of collection), or a heparinized

capillary with capillary tube

2. Seal the unfilled end, preferably using a sealant material. If unavailable, heats seal

the capillary using a small flame from a sprint or a pilot flame of a bursen burner,

rotating the end of a capillary in the flame.

3. Carefully locate the capillary in one of the numbered slots of the

microhaematocrit rotor with the sealed end against the rim gasket (to prevent

breakage). Write the number on the patient form.

4. Centrifuge for 3-5 minutes (RCF 12000-15000xg), using the shorter time when

the RCF is 15,000xg

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5. Immediately after centrifuging, read the PCV. First check that there has been no

leakage of blood from the capillary or breakage. To read the PCV in a hand held,

align the base of the red cell column on the 0 line and the top of the plasma

column on the 100line.Read off the PCV from scale. The reading point is the top

of the red cell column, just below the buffy coat layer (consisting of WBCs and

platelets).

Results

Above the packed red cells is a white layer of platelets. Plasma is usually straw colored,

but if bright yellow; it is jaundiced, when colorless; it is iron deficient, when red;

hemolysis has occurred.

The normal PCV range for male is 39% - 53%.

The normal PCV range for female is 35% -49%.

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 CONTRIBUTION TO ORGANIZATION

During My Attachment with Prima Medical Diagnosis, here are my contribution to the
Hospital:-

i. Team Work: I helped in record department to coordinate the pregnant

women during antenatal and other meeting schedule

ii. I assisted the laboratory attendance in taking of urine and blood for different
tests

3.2 CHALLENGES FACED AT THE MEDICAL CENTER

i. Electricity was one of the major challenges faced in the laboratory

ii. Dealing offensive urine sample odour taking for test

iii. Dealing with aggressive patients.

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 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

4.1 SUMMARY

During my period at the prima Medical Centre as a SIWES student, I did some

activities at reception such as attending to patient and recording their details in the

hospital record book and I also carried at some activities at the nursing unit such as

checking patient Bp, heart beat rate, weight and height.

4.2 RECOMMENDATION

I want to recommend that the department should equip students with more practical

knowledge and ideas because some of the practical tests, analysis and operation of

some laboratory apparatus were difficult at first such as microscope, machine to carry

out genotype test. Also the institution should provide adequate equipment.

4.3 CONCLUSION

At the beginning of my (SIWES) I was introduce to member of staff, other working

personnel and other SIWES student, also I was intimated with the rules and regulations

guiding the operation of the laboratory with code of conduct to follow in the laboratory

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 REFERENCES

ITF (2004). Information and guidelines for Students Industrial Work Experience

Scheme: Reviewed, Jos, Nigeria.

The Federal Polytechnic Ile Oluji Student handbook

Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme Work logbook

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