GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC GONDIA.

(2023-2024 )

PROJECT REPORT ON:- “LIGHT DIMMER DIAC AND TRIAC”

This micro project is submitted to the Electrical
Department, GPG for the practical work of micro project.
SUBMITTED BY:
ARCHANA KHEDADE (2212420034)
PALLAVI SEUTKAR (2212420031)
VAISHNAVI HATTEWAR (2212420029)
JAYESHRI CHAURIWAR (2212420039)
VAIBHAVI BISEN (2212420041)

GUIDED BY: H.O.D

MR.S.SARANGPURE SIR DR.A.M.AREKAR SIR

PRINCIPAL:
DR. GOLGHATE SIR.
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC GONDIA

Academic Year :- 2023-2024

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Micro-project Report entitled
“LIGHT DIMMER DIAC AND TRIAC”. Is the authentic record of the
work carried out by 2nd year students in the Department of Electrical
Engineering (3rd Sem ) The original work is carried out by them under my
supervision in the academic year 2023-2024 . On the basis of the
declaration made by them. I recommend this report for evaluation and
that the Report has not previously formed the basis of any copyright
work.

SUPERVISOR H.O.D.
MR.S.SARANGPURE SIR DR.A.M.AREKAR SIR

PRINCIPAL
DR . GOLGHATE SIR
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:-

I avail this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude and

whole hearted thanks to our guide MR.S.SARANGPURE SIR
for her guidance and encouragement to embark on this project .
I am also thankful to our Head of the Electrical Engineering
Department Dr.A.M.AREKAR SIR whose esteem, suggestion and
encouragement from time to time have always been unparalleled stimuli
for us to travel eventually toward completion of the project.
I am also thankful to our Honorable Principal Dr.C.D.Golghate Sir
who inspired us a lot to achieve the highest goal .
Last but not least I would like to thank all the faculty of the
Last but not least I would like to thank all the faculty of the Electrical
Department and my friends who helped me directly or indirectly during
the completion of this project.

PROJECT BY :-
ARCHANA KHEDADE (2212420034)
PALLAVI SEUTKAR (2212420031)
VAISHNAVI HATTEWAR (2212420029)
JAYESHRI CHAURIWAR (2212420039)
VAIBHAVI BISEN (2212420041)
 INDEX

Sr
Topic Remark
no.
1. RATIONALE 

2. AIM/BENEFITS 

3. COURSE OUTCOMES 

4. LITERATURE 

5. ACTUAL METHODOLOGY 

6. ACTUAL RESOURCE USED 

7. OUTPUTS OF THE MICRO PROJECT 

8. REFERENCES 
 Part of Project Report Title of Micro-Project :
“LIGHT DIMMER DIAC AND TRIAC”

RATIONALE
Phase controlled circuits are used in domestic light dimmers, electric fan speed
control, small motor controls and control of small AC powered domestic
appliances. Triac is easy to use and having cost advantage as compared to two
thyristors for many low power applications.

AIM/BENEFITS

The light sources such as tube light or bulbs blink according to their particular watt
rating. If you need more light, then you have to use high watt bulb and if you need
low light, then you have to replace with low watt rating bulb. But, if there is not
needed to change the brightness of the light from the same light source, here is the
simple light dimmer circuit project, which is used to control the brightness of the
light according to our requirement.

COURSE OUTCOMES
  Determine the effect of firing angle using DIAC and TRIAC phase
controlled circuit on output power under different loads such as lamp,
motor or heater..

LITERATURE

A TRIAC,as compared to thyristor, gets limited time to turn off due to bidirectional
conduction. As a result, the triacs are operated only at power frequency. Switching
characteristics of a triac is similar to that of a thyristor. For phase control
application, the triac is switched on and off in synchronism with the mains supply
so that only a part of each half cycle is applied across the load. In this circuit, as Vs
increases voltage across C increases due to current flowing through load, R ₁, VR,
and C. The voltage drop across Diac increases until it reaches its breakover point.
As DIAC conducts, a large current pulse is injected into the gate of the triac. By
varying VR the firing can be
controlled.

What is a Light Dimmer,

TRIAC, and DIAC

Light dimmer are devices that are

used to lower or higher the
brightness of the light. Using a
potentiometer, that act as a rheostat,
we can change the intensity of the
light output.

TRIAC (TRIode for Alternating

Current) is a device that is widely
used in power control and switching applications. It is usually called a bidirectional
triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor.

DIAC (Diode for Alternating Current) is a diode that only conducts a current after
the breakover voltage that has been attain momentarily.

The DIAC gains its name from the contraction of the words DIode Alternating
Current. The DIAC is widely used to assist even triggering of a TRIAC when used
in AC switches. DIACs are mainly used in dimmer applications and also in starter
circuits for florescent lamps.
ACTUAL METHODOLOGY
The Working Of Circuit

• A light dimmer works by essentially chopping parts out of the AC voltage. This
allows only parts of the waveform to pass to the lamp. The brightness of the lamp is
determined by the power transferred to it, so the more the waveform is chopped, the
more it dims.
• Mains power is comprised of an alternating current that flows in one direction and
then in the other, along the cable, at the rate of 50 or 60 cycles per second (known
as Hertz).
By chopping the waveform at the zero-crossing point, smooth dimming can be
achieved without the lamp flickering.

The DIAC

 The DIAC is a full-wave or bi-directional semiconductor switch that can be

turned on in both forward and reverse polarities.
 The DIAC gains its name from the contraction of the words Dlode
Alternating Current.
 The DIAC is widely used to assist even triggering of a TRIAC when used in
AC switches. DIACS are mainly used in dimmer applications and also in
starter circuits for florescent lamps.
ACTUAL RESOURCE USED
S. No. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks
Resource/material

1 Computer system Processor (i3-i5), RAM- 2 1

GB and above (As per need
of OS)
2 Internet Wikipedia

3 Light Bulb (25 W) --- 1

4 Universal Printer Circuit --- 1

Board

5 Socket,Switch --- 1

6 Potentiometer (500kΩ) 1

7 BT136 Triac ---- 1

8 1N5758 Diac --- 1

9 0.12uF Capacitor --- 1

10 3.3kΩ Resistor ---- 1

OUTPUTS OF THE MICRO PROJECT

Conclusion

With our enormous brainstorming from the project, we learn how to design and
construct the dimmer light circuit in physical part/hardware in universal PCB.
This project helped us to know how to construct the circuit of dimmer that use
in some houses using triac and diac and potentiometer as a rheostat. In the
whole, we successfully design the light dimmer on the universal PCB and it
worked.

 REFERENCES :-

• https://electricaleasy.com
• https://Wikipedia.com
• Using Book of Fundamental of power Electronics
– By Tech-Max Publications