Disaster

Nursing
Instructor: Catherine Fornan-Tambis, RN,MAN,USRN
Types of Disaster
INTERNAL DISASTER EXTERNAL DISASTER
• takes place INSIDE the facility • occurs OUTSIDE the facility

•Examples:
 Bomb threat
 Utility failures
 Workplace violence
 Emergency evacuation
• Examples:
 Mass casualty
 Tornado warnings
 Biohazard events
 Pandemic
 What is a
natural hazard?

Natural Hazard Natural Disaster

It is a threat of a naturally- It occurs when a natural hazard
occuring event that has a possible occurs and significantly harm and
negative effect on humans. d a m a g e the community.
Natural Disaster
A. Geophysical
B. Meteorological
C. Hydrological
D. Biological
Natural Disaster
A. Geophysical
- defined as hazards originating from solid
earth or from internal earth processes.

- refer to catastrophic events that arise

due to Earth's variations, either above or
below the Earth's surface.

- E.g. earthquakes, avalanches,

landslides, tsunamis, sinkholes,
volcanic eruptions.
Avalanche

- is a mass of snow moving down the

slope
 A hotel located in Kidapawan City, is in near
collapse when a 6.5-magnitude earthquake hit
Tulunan, Cotabato (2019) Earthquakes

7.8-magnitude earthquake struck

in Turkey last February 7, 2023.
 Tsunami

A tsunami wave breaches an

embankment in the city of Miyako,
Japan, on March 11, 2014.
B. Meteorological
caused by changes to the Earth's atmosphere, especially
the weather.

disasters are caused by extreme weather such as rain,

drought, snow, extreme heat or cold, ice, or wind.

these include Cyclones, Droughts, Floods, Tornadoes,

Lightning, Fog
Flood/
Flashflood
Floods and flashfloods are common
products of torrential rains especially if it
occurs after a long period of dry
conditions.

Dam breaks can also result to flooding, and

can severely affect the communities
nearby.
Tropical
Cyclone
It is a rapid, rotating and organized system
of clouds and thunderstorms.

It can bring strong winds, torrential rains,

high waves, and destructive storm surges.
Meteorological disasters
Forest or
Wildland Fire
Massive forest or wildland fires are
uncontrolled fires that burn forests,
grasslands, or bushlands.

It commonly occurs during and after long

periods of drought.

It can result from either lightning or human

activities.
Natural Disaster
C. Hydrological

- is a disaster which occurs in

relation to water.
- is a violent, sudden and destructive
change either in the quality of Earth's
water or in the distribution or
movement of water on land below
the surface or in the atmosphere.
Natural Disaster

D. Biological
- are natural scenarios involving disease,
disability or death on a large scale among
humans, animals and plants due to micro-
organisms like bacteria, or virus or toxins.
Biological
 Malaria
 Dengue fever
Meningitis Influenza
 Pest infestations
 Cholera
 Leptospirosis
 H1N1
 HIV
D. Biological Disaster

1918–1920 Spanish flu pandemic

“Great Influenza Pandemic”
 have an element of human
1 intent, negligence, or error
involving a failure of a man-
made system.

2 terrorism, technological,
transitional human shelter

Man Made 3 these include crime, arson,

civil disorder, terrorism,
Disasters war, biological/chemical
threat, cyber-attacks
National Geographic. "Natural Disasters."
ttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/enviro
nment/topic/natural-disasters-weather. Last
Accessed 15 January 2022.
Great Smog of ’52 or Big Smoke, London, England (1952)

December 1952, when an

anticyclone caused cold air to
stagnate over London, the sulfur
dioxide, carbon dioxide, and
smoke particles mounted — and
ended up choking as many as
12,000 people to death.