Occupational Health and

Safety Training

Fatma NİZAMLIOĞLU
B CLASS OHS EXPERT
Occupational Health and
Safety Law No. 6331
 SAFETY CULTURE in NATIONAL LEGISLATION
and OHS TRAINING
OHS LAW-Article 17 - Obligation to Train of Employees
Employer;
Employers ensure that employees get
occupational health and safety training.
Particularly, this training is given before
starting work, change of workplace or
work, change of work equipment or new
technology application.
Trainings are updated in compliance with
changing and emerging risks. It is
repeated when necessary and repeats
regularly.
Employee representatives are specially
trained.
SAFETY CULTURE in NATIONAL LEGISLATION
and OHS TRAINING
OHS LAW-Article 17-Renewal training given to the employee
who suffer from a occupational accident or occupational
disease
Before starting work to the employee
who suffer from a occupational accident
or occupational disease, is given
additional training about the causes of
the accident or occupational disease,
the ways of protection and the safe
working methods.
In addition, those who absent from work
for more than six months because of
any reason, are given information
renewal training before they start to
work again.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND SAFETY
•who is included;
1-CONTRACTED EMPLOYEE
2-TEMPORARY PERSONEL (Intern)
3-VISITORS
 BASİC PRİNCİPLES of OHS Determination of risks

Prevention of risks
Risk Management
Human-Job Harmony To assess inevitable risks

Human-Machine Harmony To fight at the sources

Human-Media Harmony
Giving necessary instructions
Machine-protection systems in
equipment
Collective protection is
important from personal
protection
Ergonomic studies with risks
Adaptation to changes
Following technology
Replacing dangerous
conditions with less
dangerous or non-dangerous
Protection studies
Provide training

Related to Ohs; of employees Informing

Training in special risk areas
and representative Get feedback

Age Ensure their equal

Protecting risk groups participation
Gender
There is no cost for workers
Exceptions
and Diseases
 Purpose of Training

The purpose of the training is to provide a healthy

safe environment in workplaces, to reduce (%0)
occupational accidents and occupational diseases, to
inform employees about their legal rights and
responsibilities.
 Philosophy and Necessity of
Occupational Health and Safety
 No price to lose health
 No economic obligation can be the cause of a
process that will harm human health
 The person who does not use personal
protective equipment pay heavy a price along
with the family
 No person at workplace has the right to risk
himself/herself
 Preventing risks and dangerous is much
cheaper than the consequences.
OBJECTIVE OF OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH AND SAFETY;
 Turkey is the first in Europe in
terms of occupational accidents
Third in world
Brazil : % 19.5 Romania : % 7
South Korea : % 19 Poland : % 4.5
Turkey : %18.7 Ireland : % 4.2
Meksico : % 9 Israel : % 4.1
Russia : % 14.4 Hungary : % 4
Kazakhistan: % 9.7 Denmark : % 2
Kirghizistan : % 9
Japan : % 0.1
Bulgaria : % 8.3
Accidents occur more often in the morning and in the fields of
mining, construction, textile and chemistry
Turkish Harb-Iş Research, 06.03.2004
Radikal
 World Turkey

Every day; Every day;

1 million occupational 172 occupational
accidents accidents,

4932 employees
experience work-related 4 employees die from
diseases,1096 employees occupational accidents.
die from occupational
accidents.
 Analysis of accident causes
Basic Causes of Accidents (4M)
1.MAN (Person)
2.MACHINE
3.MEDIA (Environment)
4.MANAGEMENT
Analysis of accident causes
1. MAN (Person)

1- Psychological Causes :
Forgetfulness, distress-sadness-grief, environmental
effects, involuntary behavior, negligent behavior,
erroneous behavior, etc.

2- Physical Causes:
Fatigue, sleeplessness, alcohol, disease etc.

3- Workplace Causes :
Human relations, teamwork, communication, etc.
Analysis of accident causes

2 – Machine

1- Faulty machinery and equipment placement

2-Missing or defective protectors
3- Insufficient standardization
4- Insufficient control and maintenance
5- Insufficient engineering services

14
Analysis of accident causes
3. MEDİA ( Environment)

1-Insufficient working information,

2- Inappropriate working method,
3- Inappropriate working place and
environment.
 Analysis of Accident Causes

4.MANAGEMENT

1- Insufficent management organization,

2- Incomplete rules and instructions,
3- Insufficient security management plan,
4- Lack of education and training,
5- Inappropriate supervision, management and
guidance
6- Inappropriate personnel employment
7- Poor health controls vb.
Why should be managed
occupational health and safety ?
4 Causes;

1. Human Causes,
2. Preventing Financial Losses,
3. Respect a law,
4. Protecting the company's
prestige.
1.1. What is Occupational Health and Safety?

Occupational health and safety is systematic and

scientific studies that practice with the purpose of

protection from conditions that could damage health and

safety caused by various reasons

1.2. What is Purpuse of Occupational Health and Safety?
1)To providing a healthy and safety working
environment,
2)To protect employees from health and safety risks
arising from the work environment,
3)To ensure and improve the health, safety and welfare
of employees.
4)To ensure the continuity of production
5) To enhance productivity
 What is Occupational Accident?

A-Insured;
All the incidents that happen in
the workplace are
occupational accidents.
B- In the work being carried out
by the employer
 C-Insured;
During the time when the employee has
been sent to another location by the
employer,
D-During breastfeeding
E-During public transport provided by the Employer
 At the paydos time;
Playing Ball
Relaxing
........../....
He/She injured while playing
chess

 Any incident occurring while the insured is in the

workplace is considered as an occupational accident
regardless of whether it is related to the work done..
 let's say a person is on leave;

but he/she came to visit

when was an accident...

This is a work accident.

Because, even though he/she is on leave;
It contunies legal connection with the
workplace.
 At lunch time;
Cut off his/her hand
If his/her throat is caught eating

 Any incident occurring while the insured is in the

workplace is considered as an occupational accident
regardless of whether it is related to the work done
Let's say he/she had a heart attack or
died due to illness;

 This is considered as

occupational accident.
 Auditor authorized to conduct audits on behalf
of the company;
Let's say he/she had an accident while
having fun outside the office.;

it is not occupational accident

It is necessary to look at whether the accident is
related to the task given by employer.
 Employer;
Let’s say that employer sent
his/her driver for a special
situation and happened accident

 This is considered as occupational accident.

It is necessary to look at whether the accident is
related to the task given by employer.
If an accident occurs on public transport vehicles
provided by the employer,;

Public transport accidents are considered

occupational accidents
The vehicle came to the working area
If the person got out of the vehicle
and had a accident walking on the
road towards the workplace...

It is not occupational accident

Because public transport is
finished.
 Public transportation vehicle broken
down.
One or more of the employees landed to
repair the vehicle and
They started to repair.
another vehicle arrived and
hit these people....

This event is an occupational accident because public transport

is not yet finished
 She/he left from home for work and
came to the station
If he had an accident while waiting
at the station

It is not occupational accident

These accidents do not count as occupational
accidents because public transport has not yet
started
Causes of Occupational Accidents

According to SGK Statistics, the causes of work accidents in

general
Examined in 3 groups.
A) Dangerous Conditions : ( % 20 – 30 )
1) Defective machines
2) Irregular placement of machines
3) Irregular workplace
4) Insufficient lighting, heat and ventilation
5) Excessive dust and noise
B) Dangerous Movements( % 70 – 80 )
1) Lack of technical information
2) Inattention, neglect, incompetence
3) Extreme courage and confidence
4) Shame and physical deficiencies, Mental depression
C) Enexpected Situations( % 1 – 2 )
Earthquake, lightning, flooding etc.
 RISK CONCEPT

 Dangerous

“Danger” is a condition that

can potentially cause
damage.
These may be about human
behaviors, substances or
machines, working methods,
and other issues of work
organization.
 DANGEROUS
To person, material, device, work
DISABİLİTY,
DAMAGE,
LOSS VEYA
HARM
Everything that can potentially cause damage.....
 RISK CONCEPT

 RISK
“Risk is a combination of the
degree of damage caused by
an event and the probability of
occurrence of an event..
 RISK
Risk is the probability of occurrence of an event
in a danger status
 RISK CONCEPT
 DAMAGE

“The damage” can be

defined as the harm
(physical injury, disease)
or disappearance (death)
of gaining power, and the
harm of the equipment
and all kinds of financial
loss resulting from it.
DANGEROUS ?
RISK ?
Shark is a risk if you enter the water.

What are the other

dangers?
-Cocunot
-Air
-Sun
-Rain
-Wind
-See
-Tree
- Pirate
- Hunger, Thirst
 RİSK KAVRAMI

P
O
S
İ R=PXD
B R : Risk
İ P : Posibility
L D : Degree of damage
İ
T
Y DEGREE OF DAMAGE