Dcabfrcdbôg mj ug dcairåejtri mj piabjstbrjgi

Acfirctirbi
Acfirctirbi mj nbsbdiqu
nbsbdiquåebdc,
åebdc, or
orupi
upi :
Ejgmizc Ttjnlcgy3, Eigsjrrct
Eigsjrrct Tjfcstbãg6
Tjfcstbãg
3
Jstumbcgtjs mja prio
priorcec
rcec mj Suåebdc
Suåebdc y Ncrecdbc,
Ncrecdbc, sjejs
sjejstrj
trj G° BBB
Midjgtj; Ctbacgi
Ctbacgi Pcst
Pcstrcgc
rcgc Ecr
Ecrtågjz
tågjz

Prãdtbdc rjcabzcmc ja 3</33/608 Bgnirej jgtrjocmi ja 6:/33/6060

VJTZEJG

Jg ja prjsjgtj bgnirej, sj prjtjgmj cgcabzcr ac prãdtbdc rjcabzcmc jg ja acfirctirbi vbrtuca dcabfrcdbôg

mj ug dcairåejtri mj piabjstbrjgi . Tu ifkjtbvi prbgdbpca nuj quj, pir ejmbi mj ug sbeuacmir aacecmi
dljediaajdtbvj, mjtjrebgcr ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mj ug dcairåejtri mj piabjstbrjgi, utbabzcgmi ja
eâtimi mj ejzdacs y cså ebsei, digidjr acs dcrcdtjråstbdcs prbgdbpcajs mj ug dcairåejtri.

Pcacfrcs dacvjs; dcair, dcairåejtri, tjepjrcturc, jgjroåc, dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc, sustcgdbc.

CFT]VCD]

Bg tlbs rjpirt, bt bs bgtjgmjm ti cgcayzj tlj prcdtbdj dcrrbjm iut bg tlj vbrtuca acfirctiry dcabfrctbgo c
piaystyrjgj dcairbejtjr. Bts ecbg ifkjdtbvj wcs tlct, fy ejcgs in c sbeuactir
sb euactir dcaajm dljediaajdtbvj,
ti mjtjrebgj tlj ljct dcpcdbty
dcpcdbt y in c piaystyrjgj dcairbejtjr, usbgo tlj ejtlim in ebxturjs cgm abhjwbsj,
ti hgiw tlj ecbg dlcrcdtjrbstbds in c dcairbejtjr.

Hjy wirms; ljct, dcairbejtjr, tjepjrcturj, jgjroy, ljct dcpcdbty, sufstcgd.

3
 sbstjec mj eigbtirji mj ac tjepjrcturc y ug
3. Bgtrimuddbôg sbstjec mj cobtcdbôg pcrc ocrcgtbzcr
ugbnirebmcm jg ac tjepjrcturc c ai acroi mj
Ac dcairbejtråc sj jgdcroc mj ejmbr ja dcair
timi ja sbstjec8 jg ac nbourc sj eujstrc ja
mj ugc rjcddbôg quåebdc i ug dcefbi nåsbdi
jsqujec fãsbdi mj ug dcairåejtri. X3U
uscgmi ug dcairåejtri, jg jstj bgnirej sj
cgcabzcrã ja dcairåejtri y sus dcrcdtjråstbdcs
prbgdbpcajs, ja duca js ug bgstruejgti quj
Tbstjec mj cbsacebjgti; sj rjqubjrj quj ja
sbrvj pcrc ejmbr acs dcgtbmcmjs mj dcair
ectjrbca utbabzcmi diei cbsacgtj sjc ai
suebgbstrcmcs i rjdbfbmcs pir ais dujrpis. Js
sunbdbjgtjejgtj cmjducmi diei pcrc pjrebtbr
mjdbr, sbrvj pcrc mjtjrebgcr ja dcair
d cair jspjdånbdi
quj acs pjrmbmcs pir dcair sjcg eågbecs8 ja
mj ug dujrpi, cså diei tcefbâg pujmj ejmbr
dcudli, ac ecmjrc, caougcs jspuecs y
acs dcgtbmcmjs mj dcair quj abfjrcg i cfsirfjg
piaåejris pujmjg
pujmjg sjr utbabzcmis diei
diei cbsacgtjs.
cbsacgtjs.
jsis dujrpis. Ja tbpi mj dcairåejtri mj usi
Tu dcrcdtjråstbdc prbgdbpca js quj nugdbigj
eãs jxtjgmbmi digsbstj jg ug jgvcsj djrrcmi
y pjrnjdtcejgtj cbsacmi dig couc, ug diei cbsacgtj, y cmjeãs mjfj sjr jstcfaj
quåebdcejgtj, rjsbstjgtj ejdãgbdcejgtj, gi
mbspisbtbvi pcrc cobtcr y ug tjreôejtri.
mjfj sjr tôxbdi. Jstj sbstjec tbjgj diei
Ac dcpcdbmcm dcaôrbdc mja dcairåejtri js ac
nugdbôg prbgdbpca jvbtcr quj sj ojgjrj ug nauki
suec mj acs dcpcdbmcmjs dcaôrbdcs mj sus
mj dcair jgtrj ja sbstjec mj jstumbi y ais
pcrtjs. Ja vcair mj ac dcpcdbmcm dcaôrbdc mj
carjmjmirjs, jstj tbpi mj trcgsnjrjgdbc mjfj sjr
dcmc pcrtj mjpjgmj mja ectjrbca y mja tcecói.
jvbtcmc pcrc ocrcgtbzcr ac dignbcfbabmcm mj ais
Pcrc ugc prbejrc dieprjgsbôg, js gjdjscrbi
rjsuatcmis mj ac prãdtbdc. X6U
ecgjkcr ja digdjpti mj dcairbejtråc y sus
mbnjrjgtjs sbstjecs.
Tbstjec mj Cobtcdbôg; ac digvjddbôg ejdãgbdc
mj ais naubmis digtjgbmis jg ja dcairåejtri mjfj
6. Ecrdi tjôrbdi
t jôrbdi sjr digstctj dig
d ig ja nbg mj ocrcgtbzcr ug pjrnba mj
tjepjrcturc digstcgtj mjgtri mja dcairåejtri,
6.3 Digstruddbôg mj ug dcairåejtri
yc quj ja pridjsi mbnusbvi ojgjrcmi pir
mbnjrjgdbcs jg tjepjrcturcs js euy ajgti jg
Ais dcairåejtris sig mbspisbtbvis jsjgdbcajs
diepcrcdbôg dig ac vjaidbmcm mj caougcs
pcrc rjcabzcr ducaqubjr jstumbi quj bgviaudrj
rjcddbigjs. Diei cobtcmir ejdãgbdi sj pujmjg
dcefbis mj tjepjrcturc. Jstis sbstjecs
utbabzcr dignbourcdbigjs mj pcajtc i mbsdi.
digstcg mj ug mbspisbtbvi cbsacmi târebdcejgtj

mj ais carjmjmirjs mj viauejg digstcgtj, ug

6
Tbstjec mj eigbtirji mj tjepjrcturc; j a ejzdacs jepajcgmi ^brtuca Acf, diei sj
sbstjec mj eigbtirji mj ac tjepjrcturc mjfj eujstrc jg ac nbourc 3.
sjr dignbcfaj y jstcfaj yc quj timis ais
rjsuatcmis mjpjgmjg mj su dirrjdti
nugdbigcebjgti. Jg ja acfirctirbi sj utbabzcrã

ug tjreôejtri mj ejrdurbi quj bgstruejgti mj

ejmbmc mj ac tjepjrcturc. Ac dignbourcdbôg quj Nbourc 3. Jsqujec mj ug dcairåejtr
dcairåejtri
i mj
sj cmiptj mjgtri mja dcairåejtri mjfj jvbtcr quj piabjstbrjgi.
piabjstbrjgi. XPcstrcgc
XPcstrcgc,, Ctbacgi. Ouåcs mj
ja tjreôejtri y ja sbstjec mj cobtcdbôg jgtrjg acfirctirbi
acfirctirbi mj Nbsbdiquå
NbsbdiquåebdcU
ebdcU
jg digtcdti murcgtj ja mjscrriaai mja
jxpjrbejgti. Ais dãaduais supigjg quj gi sj pbjrmj dcair
mjsmj ja dcairåejtri lcdbc ais carjmjmirjs y quj

Tbstjec mj rjcddbôg; ja sbstjec mj digtjgdbôg ja dcairåejtri cfsirfj ugc dcgtbmcm

migmj sj aajvcrã c dcfi ac rjcddbôg i jstumbi bgsbogbnbdcgtj mj dcair. Tbg jefcroi, jsti gi js

nbsbdiquåebdi mjfj ocrcgtbzcr ac dirrjdtc titcaejgtj dirrjdti. Ja dcairåejtri digsbstj jg

mbspisbdbôg mja tjreôejtri y ja sbstjec mj ug digtjgjmir, ja cobtcmir, y ja tjreôejtri.

cobtcdbôg, tcgti ja tjreôejtri diei ja cobtcmir

c obtcmir Ais trjs sj dcabjgtcg kugti dig ja couc. Diei

mjfjg qujmcr suejrobmis jg ja ejmbi mj rjsuatcmi, ja dcairåejtri cfsirfj ja dcair. Pir

rjcddbôg murcgtj ais mbnjrjgtjs jxpjrbejgtis. ai tcgti, sj iftjgmrã ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc

pcrc ja dcairåejtri.

Ac dignbcfbabmcm mj ais rjsuatcmis

jxpjrbejgtcajs jg ugc ejmbmc dcairbeâtrbdc Dcpcdbmcm Dcaôrbdc; Ducgmi sj dcabjgtc ugc

mjpjgmj sbogbnbdctbvcejgtj mj acs sustcgdbc, sb âstc gi jxpjrbejgtc gbgoûg

dcrcdtjråstbdcs nåsbdcs mja mbspisbtbvi y mj ac dcefbi nåsbdi gb rjcddbôg quåebdc, su

rjspujstc mja ebsei nrjgtj c ug vcair rjca. Ja tjepjrcturc sj jajvc. Ja dcefbi mj tjepjrcturc

pridjsi mj dcabfrcdbôg js ug rjqujrbebjgti jxpjrbejgtcmi mjpjgmj mj ac dcpcdbmcm

bgmbspjgscfaj pcrc ocrcgtbzcr ac dignbcfbabmcm dcairånbdc mj mbdlc sustcgdbc. Diei sj eujstrc

mj ais rjsuatcmis iftjgbmis. jg ac jducdbôg 3, ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mj ugc

Cmbdbigcaejgtj ac dcabfrcdbôg mja dcairåejtri sustcgdbc, D, sj mjnbgj diei ac dcgtbmcm mj

js gjdjscrbc yc quj ja jqubvcajgtj jg couc mja dcair gjdjscrbc pcrc jajvcr su tjepjrcturc jg 3

dcairåejtri js ug vcair rjqujrbmi jg ja fcacgdj H i 3°D.

mj jgjroåc utbabzcmi pcrc dcmc jgscyi Jd. (3)

jxpjrbejgtca. Jg jstj acfirctirbi sj dcabfrcrã 5 

∎
ug dcairåejtri mj piabjstbrjgi pir ja eâtimi mj
4
 ✔ Ejdljri.
Tb jstã bgviaudrcmi 3 eia mj sustcgdbc sj ✔ ]jreôejtri.
digidj diei dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc eiacr, De, ✔ Fjchjr.
quj sj jxprjsc jg K/H.eia, diei sj eujstrc jg
:. Pridjmbebjgti
ac jducdbôg 6.

Jd. (6) Bgbdbi


 5
 ß ∎
Tj ajj ac ouåc.
Ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mj 3 o mj ugc sustcgdbc
js su dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc jspjdånbdc i Dcair
Mbrbobrsj c ac mbrjddbôg.
jspjdånbdi, dj. Cså, pir jkjepai, ac dcgtbmcm mj lttp;//dljediaajdtbvj.iro/vacfs
jgjroåc dcairånbdc quj lcy quj suebgbstrcr c 3o
mj couc pcrc jajvcr su tjepjrcturc 3 H i 3 °D, Jg ac pcrtj bgnjrbir, sjajddbigcr
js mj =,3<= K. Ja dcair jspjdånbdi js ugc tjreimbgãebdc.

ecogbtum euy bepirtcgtj jg ]jreiquåebdc,

yc quj sb sj digidj su vcair y ac dcgtbmcm mj Jg ja ejgû mjspajocfaj, sjajddbigcr
sustcgdbc sj pujmj mjtjrebgcr ja dcair dcair mj rjcddbôg-ajy mj Ljss.

cfsirfbmi i abfjrcmi jg ug pridjsi sbg eãs quj

ejmbr ja dcefbi mj tjepjrcturc diei sj Tjajddbigcr ais jajejgtis gjdjscrbis
pcrc dcabfrcr ja dcairåejtri mj
eujstrc jg ac jducdbôg 4. X4U
piabjstbrjgi.
Jd. (4)

 5
 ß ∎ Vjcabzcr pcsi c pcsi pripujsti
jg ac ouåc.
4. Ifkjtbvis

✔ Digidjr acs prbgdbpcajs dcrcdtjråstbdcs Ifsjrvcr ais rjsuatcmis.

mj ug dcairåejtri.
✔ Mjtjrebgcr ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mj
Zfbdcr ais rjsuatcmis jg ac likc
ug dcairåejtri mj piabjstbrjgi, pir ja mj rjpirtj.
eâtimi mj ejzdacs

=. Ectjrbcajs y rjcdtbvis Nbg

✔
Couc. Nbourc 6. Pridjmbebjgti XcutirU
✔ ^csi mj Piabjstbrjgi.

=
>. Mctis y ifsjrvcdbigjs. 3. Dcaduaj ac vcrbcdbôg mj tjepjrcturc pcrc
Jxpjrbejgti 3° ja couc nråc.
c. Ecsc mj couc nråc; :0o Jd. (=) ∎ 5  ∖ 
f. Ecsc mj couc dcabjgtj; :0o Jxpjrbejgti 3°
d. ]jepjrcturc mja sbstjec jqubabfrcmi Ν] 5 =?.:?°D — 6:°D5 66.:?°D

couc nråc y dcairåejtri; 6:°D Jxpjrbejgti 6°

m. ]jepjrcturc mj couc dcabjgtj; ?0.3=°D Ν] 5 =?.0?°D — 6:°D5 66.0?°D
j. Ν] mja couc nråc y dcairåejtri; 66.:?°D Jxpjrbejgti 4°
n. ]jepjrcturc mja couc mjspuâs mj ejzdac; Ν] 5 =>.<6°D — 6:°D5 63.<6°D
=?.:?°D

6. Dcaduaj ac vcrbcdbôg mj tjepjrcturc pcrc

Jxpjrbejgti 6° ja couc dcabjgtj.
c. Ecsc mj couc nråc; :0o ∎ 5  ∖ 
f. Ecsc mj couc dcabjgtj; :0o Jxpjrbejgti 3°

d. ]jepjrcturc mja sbstjec jqubabfrcmi Ν] 5 =?.:?°D — ?0.3=°D5 -66.:?°D

couc nråc y dcairåejtri; 6:°D Jxpjrbejgti 6°
m. ]jepjrcturc mj couc dcabjgtj; >2.3=°D Ν] 5 =?.0?°D — >2.3=°D5 -66.0?°D
j. Ν] mja couc nråc y dcairåejtri; 66.0?°D Jxpjrbejgti 4°
n. ]jepjrcturc mja couc mjspuâs mj ejzdac; Ν] 5 =>.<6 °D — ><.>=°D5 -63.<6°D
=?.0?°D

4. Dcaduaj Dcair pjrmbmi pir ja couc dcabjgtj

Jxpjrbejgti 4° jg kuabis.
c. Ecsc mj couc nråc; :0o Jd. (:) q L6I dcabjgtj 5 e * Dj * Ν]

f. Ecsc mj couc dcabjgtj; :0o Jxpjrbejgti 3°

d. ]jepjrcturc mja sbstjec jqubabfrcmi q L6I dcabjgtj 5 :0o * =.3<> K/o °D * -66.:?°D
couc nråc y dcairåejtri; 6:°D q L6I dcabjgtj 5 -=?64.2K
m. ]jepjrcturc mj couc dcabjgtj; ><.>=°D Jxpjrbejgti 6°
j. Ν] mja couc nråc y dcairåejtri ; 63.<6°D q L6I dcabjgtj 5 :0o * =.3<>K/o° D * -66.0?°D
n. ]jepjrcturc mja couc mjspuâs mj ejzdac; q L6I dcabjgtj 5 -=>32K
=>.<6°D Jxpjrbejgti 4°
q L6I dcabjgtj 5 :0o * =.3<>K/o °D *-63.<6°D
?. Dãaduais y Vjsuatcmis. q L6I dcabjgtj 5 -=:>>.2

:
:. Dcaduaj dcair ocgcmi pir couc nråc jg H 5 0K / 62:.3: H 5 0K/H
kuabis. Jxpjrbejgti 6°
q L6I nråi5 e*Dj*Ν] H 5 0K / (66.0?°D + 6?4.3:)
Jxpjrbejgti 3° H 50K / 62:.66H 5 0K / H
q L6I nråi 5 :0o * =.3<>K/o °D * 66.:?°D Jxpjrbejgti 4°

q L6I nråi 5 =?64.2K H 5 0K / (63.<6°D + 6?4.3:)

Jxpjrbejgti 6° H 50K / 62=.2?H 5 0K/H
q L6I nråi 5 :0o * =.3<>K/o °D * 66.0?°D
q L6I nråi 5 =>32.6K ?. Cgãabsbs y mbsdusbôg
Jxpjrbejgti 4°
]jôrbdcejgtj sj jspjrc quj ja dcair pjrmbmi pir
q L6I nråi 5 :0o * =.3<>K/o °D * 63.<6°D
ja couc dcabjgtj y ja ocgcmi pir ja couc nråc sjcg
q L6I nråi 5 =:>>.2K
boucajs ja duca js ja dcsi mj ais jxpjrbejgtis
rjcabzcmis.
>. Dcaduaj dcair ocgcmi pir ja dcairåejtri jg

kuabis. Jg gujstrc jxpjrbjgdbc ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc

Jd. (>) mja dcairåejtri js euy fckc ai quj qubjrj mjdbr
-SL6Id 5 SL6IDj + S dcairåejtri quj jstceis fbjg yc quj ja bgstrudtir mjkô dacri
-SL6Id-SL6IDj 5 S dcairåejtri ca bgbdbi mj ac jxpjrbjgdbc quj H mja dcairåejtri
Jxpjrbejgti 3° mjfåc sjr ai eãs pjqujóc pisbfaj. Jg dcsi mj
-(-=?64.2K) - =?64.2K 5 S dcairåejtri quj ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc sifrjpcsj ja
S dcairåejtri 5 0K dcairåejtri, js gjdjscrbi lcdjr ckustjs pcrc su
Jxpjrbejgti 6° pistjrbir utbabzcdbôg.
-(-=>32K) - =>32.K 5 S dcairåejtri
Pjri, ¹pir quâ ais ckustjs9
S dcairåejtri 5 0K
Jxpjrbejgti 4°
Tb H mja dcairåejtri js euy jajvcmi sbogbnbdc
-(-=:>>.2) - =:>>.2K 5 S dcairåejtri
quj ja mbspisbtbvi jstã trcgsnbrbjgmi eudli
S dcairåejtri 5 0K
dcair ca jgtirgi. Jsti js ipujsti c ac nbgcabmcm
mja dcairåejtri, quj diei sj ejgdbigô ca
?. Dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mja dcairåejtri jg
prbgdbpbi mj jstj bgnirej js ebgbebzcr ac
K/H.
trcgsnjrjgdbc mj dcair jgtrj ja sbstjec y ais
Jd (?) H 5 S dcairåejtri / Ν] dcairåejtri
carjmjmirjs. Pir jsi sj mjfjg lcdjr ejkircs jg
H 5 °D * 6?4.3:
ja sbstjec mj cbsacebjgti, quj usucaejgtj js ja
Jxpjrbejgti 3°
H 5 0K / (66.:?°D + 6?4.3:)
>
prbgdbpca bepabdcmi jg bepjmbr ac trcgsnjrjgdbc
mj jgjroåc jgtrj ja sbstjec y ja jgtirgi.
<. Digdausbigjs
30. Cgjxis
3. Jstcfajzdc acs mbnjrjgdbcs jgtrj ug
dcairåejtri c prjsbôg digstcgtj y ugi

✔ Tj pjrebtbô digidjr acs dcrcdtjråstbdcs c viauejg digstcgtj.

prbgdbpcajs mja dcairåejtri, ejmbcgtj Acs mbnjrjgdbcs jgtrj ug dcairåejtri c prjsbôg

ais jxpjrbejgtis rjcabzcmis jg ja digstcgtj y ugi c viauejg digstcgtj, js quj ja

acfirctirbi vbrtuca. dcairåejtri c prjsbôg digstcgtj pjrebtj ejmbr

✔ Tj aiorô mjtjrebgcr ac dcpcdbmcm ja dcair mj rjcddbôg mj ugc orcg dcgtbmcm mj

dcairånbdc mj ug dcairåejtri mj rjcddbigjs, jgtrj jaacs; gjutrcabzcdbigjs ãdbmi-

piabjstbrjgi, ejmbcgtj ja eâtimi mj fcsj, dcair

dca ir mj mbsiaudbôg,
mbsiaudb ôg, dcair mj mbaudbôg, jg

ejzdacs. dcefbi, ja dcairåejtri c viauejg digstcgtj js

✔ Cså ebsei, sj rjdigidbô ac bepirtcgdbc utbabzcmi pcrc ejmbr ais dcefbis mj dcair jg

quj tbjgj ac tâdgbdc dcairbeâtrbdc jg ja rjcddbigjs mj diefustbôg.

jstumbi tjreimbgãebdi.
6. ¹Suâ cprixbecdbigjs sj mjfjg tjgjr
2. Vjnjrjgdbcs jg dujgtc ducgmi sj lcdjg ejmbmcs y
dãaduais dig ais dcairåejtris9
X3U Niurty, C. Fjrtbgjttb, E. Niusscts, C.
Ducgmi sj lcdjg ejmbmcs dig ais dcairåejtris,
dc airåejtris,
(6004). Dcair jspjdånbdi y dcairbejtråc.
sj mjfj tjgjr jg dujgtc quj jg ac ecyiråc mj
(Digsuatcmc ja 63 mj givbjefrj mj 6060).
ais dcsis ais pridjsis tbjgjg auocr c prjsbôg
Mbspigbfaj jg ac ZVA;
digstcgtj, ac nugdbôg jgjroâtbdc eãs cmjducmc
lttp;//www.ndjbc.ugr.jmu.cr/nbsbdc6jdjg/pmnnbaj
pcrc ac ejmbmc jxpjrbejgtca sjrã ac jgtcapåc
s/dcairbe.pmn
(L). Jg jstj sjgtbmi, ac vcrbcdbôg mj jgtcapåc mj
ug pridjsi ebmj ac dcgtbmcm mj dcair
X6U Dcairbejtråc. (s.n). (Digsuatc ja 63 mj
bgtjrdcefbcmi jgtrj ja sbstjec y ja jgtirgi c
givbjefrj mj 6060). Mbspigbfaj jg ac ZVA;
prjsbôg digstcgtj.
lttp;//dcepus.caecori.irt.jmu.cr/nbsbdc/iabepbc
mcs/mjsdcrocr/crtbduais/3:4004/ 4. Ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc js ugc
pripbjmcm jxtjgsbvc i bgtjgsbvc.

X4U Pcstrcgc Ctbacgi, Ouåcs mj acfirctirbi Jxpabquj.

Nbsbdiquåebdc, Zgbvjrsbmcm mja Ctaãgtbdi, Ac dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc js ugc pripbjmcm

6060. jxtjgsbvc, mjfbmi c quj su ecogbtum mjpjgmj

gi siai mj ac sustcgdbc sbgi tcefbâg mj ac

?
dcgtbmcm mj ectjrbc mja dujrpi i sbstjec, pir Ν] mja couc nråc y dcairåejtri 5 (=3.0°D-
jaai, js dcrcdtjråstbdc mj ug dujrpi i sbstjec 6=.:°D) 5 3>, :°D
pcrtbduacr.
Ν] mja couc dcabjgtj y dcairåejtri 5
(=3.0°D-:<.:) 5 -3?,:°D
=. ¹Pir quâ ja couc js ejkir

rjnrbojrcgtj quj ja jtcgia9

Ejmbcgtj ac jducdbôg :, sj lcaac ja S mja couc
Ja ejkir rjnrbojrcgtj js ja couc, mjfbmi c quj
nråc y dcabjgtj
pisjj ug vcair eãs cati mj dcair jspjdånbdi, y
Jd. (:) S 5 e * Dj * Νt
jsti qubjrj mjdbr quj su trcgsnjrjgdbc mj dcair
SL6Id 5 >0 o * =.3<> K/o°D * (-3?.:) 5 -=42:.4
sjrã ecyir, jg jstj dcsi pimjeis ifsjrvcr quj
K
ais vcairjs sig dcsb ja mifaj, pir tcgti, ac
SL6In 5 >0 o * =.3<> K/o°D * 3>.6: 5 =0<3.4:
trcgsnjrjgdbc mj dcair sjrã dcsb ja mifaj pcrc
K
ugc sustcgdbc quj pcrc itrc. Jstc js ugc
pripbjmcm euy bepirtcgtj.
Ejmbcgtj ac jducdbôg >, sj lcaac ac q mja
dcairåejtri mjspjkcgmi ac nôreuac cså;
:. Zg jstumbcgtj gjdjsbtc dcaduacr ac
Jd. (>) -SL6Id 5 SL6Dn + S dcairåejtri
dcpcdbmcm dcairånbdc mj ug
-=42:.4 K 5 =0<3.4: K+ S dcairåejtri
dcairåejtri y iftuvi ais sboubjgtjs
-(-=42:.4 K) - =0<3.4: K 5 S dcairåejtri 5
mctis jxpjrbejgtcajs;
434.2: K
]jepjrcturc bgbdbca mj >0 eA mj couc nråc jg
ug dcairåejtri  5 6=.: °D
H 5 (°D + 6?4.3:)
]jepjrcturc bgbdbca mj >0 eA mj couc dcabjgtj H 5 434.2: K / (3>,:°D+6?4.3:) 5 3,0<4 K/H
 5 :<,: °D
Eãxbec tjepjrcturc mja couc mjspuâs mj
corjocr couc dcabjgtj ca couc nråc jg ja
dcairåejtri ] 5 =3,0 °D
Dig jstis mctis jgdujgtrj ac dcpcdbmcm
dcairånbdc mja dcairåejtri.

Ejmbcgtj ac jducdbôg =, sj lcaac ac vcrbcdbôg

mj tjepjrcturc;
Nbourc 4. Mctis iftjgbmis jg ja jxpjrbejg
jxpjrbejgti
ti 3.
Jd. (=) Ν]5 ]n — ]b

<
Nbourc =. Mctis iftjgbmis jg ja jxpjrbejg
jxpjrbejgti
ti 4.