Achieve Great Things, Initiate Changes, Transform from Better to Best, Excel and Remain Humble

Asian Institute of Technology and Education

Gret-Fisico Bldg., Maharlika Highway, Brgy. Lumingon, Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines
Telefax Number: (042)-545-6547 / Cell No. 0922-8934738

BASIC ELECTRICITY

I. UNIT NO. & TITLE: Unit 1: Basic Principle of Electricity

II. LESSON NO. & TITLE: Lesson 2: Electricity
Conductors, Semiconductors, Insulators
III. WEEK NUMBER: Week 1
IV. MODULE NUMBER: Module 1
V. OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:

 Use and identify if it is AC OR Alternating Current and DC or Direct

Current
 Use common productivity tools effectively by maximizing advance
troubleshooting.

VI. ACTIVITY: ( Any activity that will engage the Students)

Quick Quiz
Answer the following question:
1. It is a very convenient way to transfer energy, and it has been adapted to a huge, and
growing, number of uses. What is it?
a) Conductor
b) Electricity
c) Insulator
d) Semi-conductor
2. It is often referred to in terms of "flow," just like the flow of a liquid through a hollow pipe.
a) Conductor
b) Electricity
c) Current
d) Insulator

VII. DISCUSSION:

What is ELECTRICITY?
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric
charge. Electricity gives a wide variety of well-known effects, such as lightning, static electricity,
electromagnetic induction and electrical current. In addition, electricity permits the creation
and reception of electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves.
Energy Transformation

Electricity is a very convenient way to transfer energy, and it has been adapted to a huge, and
growing, number of uses. The invention of a practical incandescent light bulb in the 1870s led
to lighting becoming one of the first publicly available applications of electrical power. Although
electrification brought with it its own dangers, replacing the naked flames of gas lighting greatly
reduced fire hazards within homes and factories. Public utilities were set up in many cities
targeting the burgeoning market for electrical lighting.

Electrical Principles and Application Section

 An electric circuit is formed when a conductive path is created to allow free electrons to
continuously move. This continuous movement of free electrons through the
conductors of a circuit is called a “current”, and it is often referred to in terms of "flow,"
just like the flow of a liquid through a hollow pipe.
 The force motivating electrons to "flow" in a circuit is called voltage.
Voltage is a specific measure of potential energy that is always relative between two
points. When we speak of a certain amount of voltage being present in a circuit, we are
referring to the measurement of how much potential energy exists to move electrons
from one particular point in that circuit to another particular point. Without reference
to two particular points, the term "voltage" has no meaning.
CONDUCTORS, INSULATORS AND SEMICONDUCTORS

CONDUCTORS
In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the
flow of electrical current in one or more directions. A metal wire is a common electrical
conductor.
In metals such as copper or aluminum, the mobile charged particles are electrons. Positive
charges may also be mobile, such as the cationic electrolyte(s) of a battery, or the mobile
protons of the proton conductor of a fuel cell. Insulators are non-conducting materials with few
mobile charges that support only insignificant electric currents.

 Materials That Permit Free Movement of Electrons

 Composed Of Large Numbers of Free Electrons
 Offer Little Resistance To Current Flow
 Good Conductors
 Metals (copper, gold, silver, aluminum)
 Electrolyte Solutions

INSULATORS
An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and
therefore make it nearly impossible to conduct an electric current under the influence of an
electric field. This contrasts with other materials, semiconductors and conductors, which
conduct electric current more easily. The property that distinguishes an insulator is its
resistivity; insulators have higher resistivity than semiconductors or conductors.

 Materials That Resist The Flow Of Electrons

 Contain Few Free Electrons
 Insulator Materials
 Air, Wood, Glass, Plastic, Rubber, Paper and etc.
SEMICONDUCTOR
Semiconductor devices display a range of properties such as passing current more easily in one
direction than the other, showing variable resistance, and sensitivity to light or heat. Because
the electrical properties of a semiconductor material can be modified by controlled addition of
impurities, or by the application of electrical fields or light, devices made from semiconductors
can be used for amplification, switching, and energy conversion.
VIII. PRACTICE/APPLICATION/SYNTHESIS: (Activity/ies)

Activity 1:
Write TRUEon the line if the statement is correct; write FALSE if incorrect.
__________ 1. Semiconductor is passing current more difficult in one direction than the other.
__________ 2. A metal wire is a common electrical conductor.
__________ 3. Without reference to two particular points, the term "voltage" has meaning.
___________ 4. Electricity gives a wide variety of well-known effects.
___________ 5. Electricity permits the creation and reception of electromagnetic radiation
such as radio waves.

IX. ASSESSMENT:
See worksheet no. 2
Answer the following questions.
X. REFLECTION:
Make a journal on what have you learned in basic principle in electricity. And reflect it to your
life. Write your answer in one whole yellow paper.

XI. FEEDBACK: Teacher’s comments or reactions after submission and checking.

Prepared by: Checked By:

ALVIN C. GERONIMO RACHEL B. GARCIA
Subject Teacher Coordinator

Noted By:
LAARNI L. TOLENTINO, LPT
Principal
 Achieve Great Things, Initiate Changes, Transform from Better to Best, Excel and Remain Humble

Asian Institute of Technology and Education

Gret-Fisico Bldg., Maharlika Highway, Brgy. Lumingon, Tiaong, Quezon, Philippines
Telefax Number: (042)-545-6547 / Cell No. 0922-8934738
WORKSHEET NO. 2

Name: __________________________________________ Date: _________________

Course/Section: __________________________________ Instructor: ________________

A. Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. It is a very convenient way to transfer energy, and it has been adapted to a huge, and
growing, number of uses. What is it?
a. Conductor b. Electricity c. Insulator d. Semi-conductor
2. It is often referred to in terms of "flow," just like the flow of a liquid through a hollow
pipe.
a. Conductor b. Electricity c. Current d. Insulator
3. What is the devices display a range of properties such as passing current more easily in
one direction than the other, showing variable resistance, and sensitivity to light or
heat?
a. Conductor b. Electricity c. Insulator d. Semi-conductor
4. It is an object or type of material that allows the flow of electrical current in one or more
directions.
a. Conductor b. Electricity c. Insulator d. Semi-conductor
5. The force motivating electrons to "flow" in a circuit is called _____________
a. Current b. Conductor c. Insulator d. Voltage
6. Which is NOT an energy transformation?
a. Chemical to mechanical
b. Chemical to electrical
c. Electrical to mechanical
d. Electrical to thermal
7. An ______________ is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely, and
therefore make it nearly impossible to conduct an electric current under the influence of
an electric field.
a. Conductor b. Electricity c. Current d. Insulator
8. Which of the following describe the conductor?
a. Type of material that allows the flow of electrical current in one or more
directions
b. Do not flow freely
c. Contain Few Free Electrons
d. Sensitive to light or heat
9. An ____________ is formed when a conductive path is created to allow free electrons to
continuously move.
a. Electricity b. electric circuit c. insulator d. semiconductor
10. Which of the following does not properties of the semiconductor?
a. passing current more easily in one direction than the other
b. showing variable resistance
c. sensitivity to light or heat
d. force motivating electrons