WATER

LEVEL
INDICATOR

DONE BY
KAIELASH.S
XII-B
 INDEX

SL.NO CONTENT PG.NO

1. Certificate 3

2. Acknowledgement 4

3. Introduction 5

4. Need for water level indicator 6

5. Circuit Elements 7

6. Details of Components 8

7. Working Principle 9

8. Application 10

9. Advantages 11

10. Scope 12

11. Circuit Diagram 13

12. Project Diagram 13

13. Bibliography 14
 BONAFIDE
CERTIFICATE

Certificate to be bonafide record of the project work done by Master.

Kaielash S

Registration No. of class XII in Emerald Valley

Public School, Yercaud Foot Hills, Salem-636008, during the

academic year 2023-2024.

Teacher In Charge
Mr. Prasanna Kumar M
PGT- Physics

Submitted for All India Senior Secondary practical examination held

on at Emerald Valley Public School, Yercaud

Foot Hills, Salem-636008, during the academic year 2023-2024.

Dated:
External Invigilator
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I sincerely thank,

Mr. Prasanna Kumar M,

MSc., B.Ed., Mphil.,

PGT- Physics

for his guidance and kind help rendered to me

to complete this project in Physics .

 INTRODUCTION

The water level indicator employs a simple

mechanism to detect and indicate the water level in an

overhead tank or any other water container. The sensing is

done by using 4 probes which are placed at 4 different levels

on the tank walls, with probe 4 to 1 placed in increasing

order of height. Common probe ( I.E,supply carrying probe)

is placed at the bottom of the tank. The level 4 represents

the “tank full” condition while level 1 represents the “empty

tank” condition.
 NEED FOR WATER LEVEL
INDICATOR

• To overcome overflow problems

• To prevent wastage of water
• To prevent wastage of energy
• Attention and observation
• For sustainable and judicious use of electricity
 CIRCUIT ELEMENTS

• 220 OHM
• LED BULBS
• RED
• YELLOW
• GREEN
• BUZZER
• 9V BATTERY
• BATTERY CAP
• PCB BOARD
• CONNECTING WIRES
• SOLDERING 4 TRANSISTOR
BC 548
• 6 RESISTORS WIRES
• SOLDER
 DETAILS OF
COMPONENTS

1. RESISTANCE

The electrical resistance of an electrical

conductor is a measure of the difficulty to pass

through that conductor. The inverse quantity is

electrical conductance, the ease with which an

electric current passes.

2. LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED)

A Light-emitting diode is a two-lead

semiconductor light source. It is a PN Junction

diode, which emits light when activated. When a

suitable voltage is applied to the leads electrons

are able to recombine with electron holes within

the device, releasing energy in the form of

photons.

3. TRANSISTOR:

A transistor is a semiconductor device used

to amplify or switch electronic signals and

electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor

material with at least three terminal connections

to an external circuit.
 WORKING
PRINCIPLE

The operation of this project is very simple and

can be understood easily. In our project “Water

level Indicating System” there are 4 main

conditions:

1.There is no water available in source tank

2.Intermediate levels i.e. tank is almost half

filled

3.There is ample amount of water available in

the source tank i.e. tank is filled to ¾ of it’s

capacity

4.The water is about to overflow

 APPLICATION

• Water level indicator is used in applications like

storage tanks, boilers, etc. To indicate the level of
water inside

• Can be used to measure underground storage of

water

• It is used to predict the arrival of floods

• It can be used to calculate incoming and outgoing

water in large reservoirs

• Automatic water controller can be used in hotels,

factories, homes, apartments commercial
complexes, drainage, etc.

• Automatic water level controller will automatically

start the pump as soon as the water level falls
below the predetermined level and shall switch off
the pump set as soon as the tank is full
 ADVANTAGES
• The system easily indicates when
the water level is full in the tank
with a beep.

• Low maintenance

• Compact elegant design

• No need to go on the roof to check

the water level

• Eco friendly

• The alarm starts ringing as soon

as the tank becomes full

• It ensures no overflows or dry

running of the pump thereby
saving electricity and water

• Avoids seepage of roofs and walls

due to overflowing tanks

• Full automation, saves manpower

• Consumes very little electricity,

ideal for continuous operation
 SCOPE
• This circuit not only indicates the
amount of water present in the
overhead tank but also gives an
alarm when the tank is full. This
worthy device starts ringing as
soon as the water by warning the
customer when the tank is about
to brim. It also provides automatic
control of pumps at a remote
location

• Now no need to go on the roof to

look the same level.

• It shows water levels in your room

like ¼ tank ¾ tank and full tank.

• The alarm starts ringing as soon

as the tank becomes full.

• Suitable for every tank

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM &
PROJECT DIAGRAM
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• NCERT PHYSICS CLASS 12

• TOGETHER WITH LAB MANUAL

PHYSICS- XII

• WIKIPEDIA