SCIENCE 10
Name: __________________________________________ Grade & Section: _________________________ Date: _______________
Properties of Gases & Kinetic Molecular Theory
Objectives
The learners will be able to:
a. describe the properties and behavior of gases in Kinetic
Molecular Theory;
b. develop an appreciation of the importance of gases in
daily life through oral recitation; and
c. demonstrate active participation and listening skills by
asking clarifying questions
What’s In
A. In Grade 9, you have a better picture of how the particles
are arranged in the three phases of matter: solid, liquid and
gas. Study the models below, then identify the phase being
described. Write your answer answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
https://images.app.goo.gl/jwhWmZgkR9UMPoMa7
______1. Particles are very close to each other and move in a
fixed position
______2. Particles are far apart and move freely
______3. Particles are able to vibrate about their fixed position.
Thus, attractions between them are very strong.
______4. The random motion of the particles and their freedom
to slide against each other result in weaker forces of attraction. It
assumes the shape of the containers. However, the volume is
definite
______5. Particles have very weak forces of attraction between
them and account for their unique properties
What’s New
Part I.
What you have to do:
1. Fill your mouth with air. Press your
cheeks with your fingers.
2. Answer the following questions:
a. Did air occupy space in your mouth?
________________________________
b. Were you able to press your cheeks
with your fingers? Why?
___________________________________
c. When you pressed one of your cheeks, did you feel the air
moving to the other side of your cheek? Explain what
happened. __________________________________________
____________________________________________________
These students did the same activity described above.
Question 1: What two students have made INCORRECT
statements?
Lito: Air can be squeezed or compressed
Mario: Air particles can be made to fill smaller space
Ana: Air particles become smaller when pressed.
Susan: Air particles decrease in number when pressed.
Answer: __________________________________________
Part II.
What you have to do:
1.Blow air into a plastic bag and tie
the open end.
2.Squeeze and press it gently
3.Observe what happens.
These students did the same activity described above.
Question 2: Which two students describe what they observed?
Lito: The plastic bag is filled with air.
Mario: The plastic bag becomes smaller when squeezed
Ana: The plastic bag burst when pressed gently.
Susan: The air particles inside become smaller when the plastic
bag was squeezed.
Answer: ____________________________
Part III.
What you have to do:
1.Spray a very small amount of perfume
or cologne into the air.
2.Answer the following:
a. Can you see the particles of perfume
or cologne? _______________________
b. How did it reach your nose? ____________________________
_____________________________________________________
These students did the same activity described above.
Question 3: Which two students made incorrect interpretations?
Lito: Gas particles move in all directions
Mario: Gas particles can spread out in one direction and fill up
only a limited space
Ana: Gas particles are held together to forces which prevent them
from moving
Susan: Gases are made up of tiny particles which move around
all the time.
Answer: ________________________
Note
The following generalizations can be inferred from the three
activities:
Gases can be compressed; hence they can occupy a
small space.
Gas particles can spread in any direction.
Gases are made up of tiny particles that are always
moving.
When gas particles get hot, they move and spread
faster. Thus, they occupy a larger space
 What is It
Activity. Getting to Know Gases
The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) effectively explains the
behavior of gases. As a product of numerous experiments and Direction: Match the drawing with the correct property of
years of investigations by several scientists, the theory closely gas. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space
conforms to reality. provided.
a. Gases have no definite shape or
The Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) consists of several postulates. volume. A gas's volume refers to the
A. A gas is composed of large number of particles, either space of the container in which its
atoms or molecules. They are so small compared to the distance molecules have
separating them that their own size can be considered negligible. range to move.
Compared to the total gas volume, the particles occupy
negligible volume. A considerable empty space exists between b. Gases are highly compressible
particles. when pressure is applied.
B. Gas particles move randomly in straight line motion and
collide with each other and the container frequently. The force of c. Gases expand when heated and
collisions of the gas particles with the walls of the container contract when cooled.
causes pressure.
C. Collisions of gas molecules are perfectly elastic. This means d. Gases have lower density than other
no energy is lost as friction when molecules collide. states of matter, such as solids and
liquids.
D. Gas particles exhibit almost negligible attractions and
repulsions for each other. The molecules thus, move freely as far
e. Gas particles move randomly and
as space will allow.
spread everywhere, even in spaces
E. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly where other gases are already present.
proportional to the absolute temperature (Kelvin). At the same The spreading out of particles is known
temperature, the molecules of all gases will have the same as diffusion.
average kinetic energy
f. Gas molecules collide with one
The Kinetic Molecular Theory also helps us understand the another and with the walls of the
container.
behavior of gases by describing the motion of gas particles and
their interactions. According to this theory:
Additional Activity
Gas Particles: Gas particles are in constant,
random motion. They move in straight lines Did all the activities give you a better understanding of the
until they collide with each other or the walls properties and behavior of gases based on Kinetic Molecular
of their container. Theory? Congratulations for a job well done!
Volume: Gas particles have negligible volume compared to the
volume of the container they are in. Before you return this module to your teacher, kindly fill out
Collisions: Gas particles undergo elastic collisions, meaning that the Self Rating table adapted from Valdoz (2017). Check the
no energy is lost during collisions. appropriate column where your extent of knowledge falls.
Temperature: The average kinetic energy of gas particles is
directly proportional to the temperature of the gas in Kelvin.
Pressure and Volume: The pressure exerted by a gas is directly
proportional to the number of collisions the gas particles make
with the walls of their container. Similarly, the volume occupied
by a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure exerted on it.

These concepts are fundamental to understanding many aspects

of chemistry and everyday life. The following are some of the
importance of gases in our daily lives such as:
Breathing: Gases like oxygen are crucial for respiration.
We need oxygen to breathe, which is a gas. Without it, we
wouldn't survive.
Cooking: Gases are often used in cooking processes.
When we use a gas stove to cook, we're using natural gas as a
fuel source.
Transportation: Gases power vehicles and transportation systems.
Cars and buses run on gasoline, which is a liquid that turns into
gas when burned.