21st Century Skills Training and Development

Quarter 4 Lesson 2

Communicative Competence
Verbal Communication and Public Speaking
Objective To produce a speech and prepare for interviews
Topics 1. Types of Speeches
2. Types of Communicative Settings
3. Degree of Formality in diction
4. Maintain Eye contact
5. Controlling body language
6. Attire and grooming
7. Handling nervousness
Types of Speeches 1. Informative Speech - The goal of an informative speech is to educate the audience about a particular topic. Informative speeches often include facts,
statistics, and other forms of evidence to support the speaker's claims.
2. Demonstrative Speech - A demonstrative speech is similar to an informative speech, but it also includes a demonstration of how to do something.
Demonstrative speeches are often used to teach the audience a new skill or process.
3. Persuasive Speech - The goal of a persuasive speech is to convince the audience to take a particular action or adopt a particular point of view.
Persuasive speeches often use emotional appeals, logical reasoning, and evidence to support the speaker's argument.
4. Entertaining Speech - The goal of an entertaining speech is to amuse or entertain the audience. Entertaining speeches often use humor, stories, and
personal anecdotes to keep the audience engaged.
5. Motivational Speech - The goal of a motivational speech is to inspire the audience to take action or achieve their goals. Motivational speeches often
use stories, anecdotes, and inspirational quotes to motivate the audience.
Type of 1. Intrapersonal Verbal Communication
Communication 2. Interpersonal Verbal Communication Interpersonal Verbal Communication
Setting 3. Group Verbal Communication Formal Settings Informal Settings
4. Public Verbal Communication Interview Having a chat with a friend
5. Mass Verbal Communication Consultation with professional/office Giving constructive criticism to a
service providers (Physicians, Concierge, groupmate/colleague
Teachers, HR) Delivering bad news to a family member
Asking for directions while traveling

Group Verbal Communication

Formal Settings (Podcast) Informal Settings (Podcast)
Business/Board Meeting Study Groups
Public Lectures Book clubs
Classes in school Family Dinner
Focus group discussions Brainstorming sessions
Training sessions
Conference call
Workshops
 Public Verbal Communication
Formal (Podcast) Informal (Podcast)
Speech (Political Rallies) Community forum
Commencement Addresses Community meetings
Business presentations Public Protest speech
Political Debate & Academic Debate Open mic
Ted talks Poetry slams
University Lectures Religious sermon
Keynote at a conference Evangelism
Corporate presentations Toast on a special occasion.
Legal Proceedings Panel discussion

Mass Verbal Communication

Formal Settings Informal Settings
Radio Broadcast
Television News
Podcast
Public speech (SONA)
Sports commentators
News Anchors
Radio Talk Shows
Documentaries
Degree of Formality Use appropriate words or change content according to Watch video
in diction types of communication settings.

Formal Settings
Speech Debates Lectures – High level of formality. Precise
and Professional vocabulary. No slang, no contraction.
Business Meetings and Presentation – formal and
professional. Use of Jargon. Avoid overly technical terms
that might exclude some listeners. Clarity and conciseness.
Public Hearing and Court Proceedings – Extreme formality
is crucial. Language should be precise, legalistic, and
devoid of emotion. Specific protocols and technology are
followed.
Informal Settings
Casual Conversation – slang, contractions, colloquialism.
Relaxed with humor and figurative language

Additional note:
 Power Dynamics: The level of formality can be influenced
by power dynamics. In situations with a clear hierarchy
(e.g., job interview), a more formal approach is expected.

Regional Differences: Formality can vary across cultures

and regions. What's considered formal in one place might
be seen as informal in another.

Maintain Eye contact Make Brief Eye Contact: Don't stare at any one person for too long, as it can make them feel uncomfortable. Aim for 3-5 seconds of eye contact
with different audience members throughout your talk.
Scan the Room: Don't just focus on the front row. Make eye contact with people in different sections of the room to ensure everyone feels
included.
Use Natural Breaks: It's okay to look away briefly during natural pauses in your speech or to refer to your notes.
Practice Makes Perfect: Practice making eye contact during your rehearsals. Look at a friendly face in the mirror, or record yourself delivering
your speech and review your eye contact.
Don't Force It: If you find eye contact overwhelming, start by making brief glances at faces. Gradually increase the duration and frequency as you
become more comfortable.
Focus on Friendly Faces: If eye contact makes you nervous, find a few friendly faces in the audience to focus on first.
Visualize Success: Imagine yourself connecting with your audience through eye contact. Positive visualization can boost your confidence.
Controlling body Confident Posture:
language Stand Tall: Maintain good posture with your shoulders
back and relaxed, but not slumped. Imagine a gentle pull
lifting you upwards. This projects confidence and authority.
Head Held High: Avoid looking down at the floor or
fidgeting with your notes. Hold your head up with your chin
slightly lifted to show alertness and engagement.
Feet Shoulder-Width Apart: Plant your feet firmly
shoulder-width apart for stability and balance. This will also
help you feel more grounded and confident.

Open and Inviting Gestures:

Use Natural Gestures: Avoid stiff or robotic movements.
Instead, use natural hand gestures to emphasize key points
and illustrate your message. However, avoid excessive or
distracting gestures.
Vary Hand Position: Don't clasp your hands behind your
back or keep them in your pockets the entire time. Vary
your hand position throughout your talk, but keep them
within a comfortable range to avoid appearing nervous.

Open Palms: When gesturing, use open palms whenever

possible. This creates a more welcoming and inviting
feeling for the audience.

Positive Facial Expressions:

Smile: A genuine smile makes you appear approachable
and friendly. It also helps you feel more relaxed and
confident while speaking.
Maintain Eye Contact (covered previously): Making eye
contact with different audience members shows you're
engaged and interested in connecting with them.
Express Emotions: Let your facial expressions reflect your
message. If you're talking about something exciting, show
enthusiasm! If you're discussing something serious, convey
that emotion as well. However, avoid exaggerated
expressions that might appear comical or distracting.
Attire and grooming Interview:
Professionalism is Key: Your attire should project
professionalism, competence, and respect for the
interviewer and the company.
Tailor to the Company Culture: Research the company's
dress code beforehand. If unsure, err on the side of
formality. A conservative business professional outfit is a
safe bet for most workplaces.
Dress for Success: Men can opt for a suit and tie, or dress
pants with a collared shirt and dress shoes. Women can
choose a pantsuit, skirt suit, or a dress with a blazer.
Mind the Details: Ensure your clothes are clean, ironed,
and wrinkle-free. Shoes should be polished and well-
maintained. Hair should be neat and professional.
Confidence Booster: Choose clothes that make you feel
confident and comfortable. You want to focus on your skills
and qualifications, not your outfit.

Public Speaking:
Project Credibility: Dress in a way that establishes your
credibility and authority as a speaker. You want your
audience to take you seriously and trust your message.
Consider the Audience and Occasion: A business
presentation might require a more formal outfit than a
lecture at a university.
Neatness is Essential: Even if the setting is less formal,
your clothes should still be clean, ironed, and well-fitting.
Avoid overly casual attire like ripped jeans or t-shirts.
Comfort is Important: Choose clothes that allow you to
move freely and feel comfortable. You don't want to be
fidgeting with your clothes or feeling self-conscious while
speaking.
Balance Between Standing Out and Fitting In: While you
want to look professional, you can also incorporate a touch
of your personality through your outfit. A colorful scarf or
statement piece of jewelry can add a personal touch
without being distracting.

Avoid Strong Patterns and Colors: Busy patterns and

loud colors can be distracting for the interviewer or
audience. Opt for solid colors or subtle patterns.
Minimize Jewelry and Accessories: Keep jewelry and
 accessories to a minimum to avoid creating a cluttered
look.
Pay Attention to Shoes: Closed-toe shoes are generally
preferred. Avoid shoes that are too loud, clunky, or
revealing.
Makeup and Grooming: Keep makeup natural and
professional. Men should ensure their facial hair is
groomed neatly.

Show confidence Avoid Fidgeting: Fidgeting with your clothes, hair, or

jewelry can convey nervousness and distract your audience
from your message.
Steady Breathing: Take slow, deep breaths before and
during your speech to calm your nerves and project your
voice clearly.
Maintain Focus: Avoid looking around the room at exits or
the clock. Focus your attention on your audience and your
message.
 21st century Skills Training and Development
Lesson 2: Communicative Competence Verbal Communication
Performance Task 2: Interview and Speech

Instructions: Each student will prepare for an Interview and one speech. Below are the prompts to choose from.
Example: Alice will choose 1. Interview: University application 2. TED Talk

Interpersonal Group Public

Interview Graduation Speech TED Talk
- University Application
- Scholarship Application
- Job Interview

Format for submission:

Name: _____________________________________________ Strand and Section: _________________

Communicative Setting: ______________________________ (Inter, Group, Public)
Type of communication: ______________________________ (Interview, grad speech, TED talk)

Title:
Entry:

Rated by: ___________________

Note: submission April 12, 2024, paper size long, times new roman, 12 pt. single space
PS: make us of AI wisely.