HISTORY OF DRESSMAKING

Dressmaking – craft of sewing clothes and dresses

650,000 years ago when our ancestors covered their bodies with animal fur and skin as well as barks and leaves of trees.
The main purpose was simply to protect the fragile human body against the weather.
These primitive clothes were either tied up or wrapped around the bodies.
Needles are made of bones and ivory
Around 6,000 years ago, woven textiles(linen) was used by the Egypt
Hand crafted and made of bones, the needles has a split head instead of an eye which
Silk Road
It was the series of ancient trade routes between China and countries and Asia Minor.
Greek and Roman
Clothes were simple lengths of wool or linen secured at the shoulders with sashes used as belts.
Peplos – loose ankle length robe worn by women.
Chlayms – knee-length worn by men
Middle Ages
The Byantines dressed themselves with richly patterned, embroidered clothes draped over a tunica, the replacement of the toga
Cotton and silk as well as linen were popular alongside the old wool.

Modern Era
The century also saw the rise of the ruff (ruffles) and the popularity of the needle lace
Industrial Revolution
 Manufacturing process using steam power.
The sewing machine was invented.
Isaac Merritt Singer – Founder of the Singer Sewing Machine

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
Cloth – refers to wearing apparel or garment that covers the body
Dress – refers to general word for clothing or wearing apparel
Costume – broader term including not only clothing but also accessories, jewelry, cosmetics and hairstyles.
Fashion – applied to a way of dressing. The display of the currently popular style of clothing. A fashion is the prevailing type
of clothing that is favored by a large segment of the public at any given time and influenced by Social, Political, Economical,
and Artistic media.
Style – particular design, shape or type of apparel item. The style of the garment is determined by the distinct features that
create its overall appearance.
DIFFERENCE OF STYLE AND FASHION
Styles come and go. Fashion is always here in some form. Fashion reflects a continuing process of change in the styles of
apparel that are accepted.
HIGH FASHION
Style or design accepted by a limited group of elite consumers
MASS FASHION
Refers to style or design that are widely accepted by consumers and are produced in a large quantities.
THREE GARMENT STYLE
Tailored garment – cut and sewn to fit the human body
Draped garment – created from an uncut piece of fabric that is draped, wrapped, or hung on the body, pins, and buttons are
used to hold them in place.
 Composite – made with a combination of tailored and draped methods. Garment parts are cut and sewn. Some parts may fit
close to body, other parts may drape. (Japanese kimono, tunnies, bathrobe etc)
PURPOSE OF CLOTHING
Clothing identifies the culture
The position or occupation
Identifies peer group
Code of Decency

SEWING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

Tape Measure – flexible measuring device used in taking body measurements. The front has the the measurement of 150
centimeters and 60 inches on the other side.
Sewing Guide – small ruler with a sliding guide and is about six inches long
Ruler – for standard measuring. 12 inches or even, 18 inches, either clear or solid.
L-SQUARE – a ruler measuring 12 inches or even 18 inches, either clear or solid. It is a useful tool to have for measuring and
drawing straight seam lines and cutting lines

CUTTING TOOLS
Cutting tools are instruments that serve well if properly maintained. Sharp cutting tools make clean cuts and well- defined
notches and they do not damage fabric.
Bent-handled dressmaker’s shears – made of quality steel and hold a sharp cutting edge.
Pinking Shears – this is popular in zigzagging or scalloped edge or for seam finishes.

ESTIMATION OF QUANTITIES
INTRODUCTION
In planning a project, it is important to estimate the quantity of materials to be used and cost involved.
Doing estimates will help you to make the right decisions so that there won’t be any effort, money and time wasted

HAZARDS AND RISK

What is hazard?
Any source of potential damage, hard, or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work.
What is risk?
Chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also
apply to situations with property or equipment loss.
Will exposure to hazards in the workplace always cause injury, illness or other adverse health effects?
// to answer this Qs, you need to know:
 What hazards are present
How a person is exposed (route of exposure, as well as how often and how much exposure occurred)
What kind of effect could result from the specific exposure a person experienced
The risk (or likelihood) that exposure to a hazardous thing or condition would cause an injury, or disease or some incidence
causing damage
How severe would the damage, injury or harm (adverse health effect) be from the exposure
Types of hazard
Chemical
Any substance that can cause harm, primarily to people. Chemicals of all kinds are stored in our homes and can result in
serious injuries if not properly handled.
Electrical Hazard
Defined as a dangerous condition where a worker could make electrical contact with energized equipment o a conductor, and
from which the person may sustain an injury from shock; and/or, there is potential for the worker to receive an arc flash burn,
thermal burn, or blast injury.
Ergonomic Hazard
Poor workplace design, awkward body mechanics or postures, repetitive movements, and other ergonomic hazards induce or
contribute to a staggering number of cumulative trauma disorders.
Psychological Hazard
It has recently been acknowledged in legislation as a workplace hazard. This type of hazard related to mental health and
behavioral disorders.
Radiation Hazard
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Biological Hazard
 Anything that comes from living organisms (i.e. pollen, fungi, animals, insects, bacteria and viruses) that could be a threat to
someone’s health.
It is represented by ☣, the biohazard symbol, which is used everywhere in the world.
Physical Hazard
Substances which threaten your physical safety.

One of the most important duties required by OHS law of all workers, including volunteers, is to keep the workplace as safe as
possible.
A good way to do this is to use the 4-SAFE steps:

Spot the hazard

Assess the hazard
Fix the hazard
Evaluate the result