Aluminum

 Change of Length:
∆ L=Lf −Li =46000 μm−45000 μm=1000 μm

 Change of Temperature:
∆ T =T f −T i=76 ° C−25 ° C=51° C

 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:

∆L 1000 μm
α= = =436 μm/m ° C
Li ∆T (0.045 m)(51° C)
 Percentage Error:
Actual Value−Theoretical Value
Percentage Error= ×100 %
Theoretical Value

436 μm/m° C−23.1 μm/m° C

Percentage Error= ×100 %=17.87 %
23.1 μm/m° C

Steel

 Change of Length:
∆ L=Lf −Li =45500 μm−45000 μm=500 μm

 Change of Temperature:
∆ T =T f −T i=150 ° C−25 ° C=125° C

 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:

∆L 500 μm
α= = =88.89 μm/m° C
Li ∆T (0.045 m)(125 ° C)
 Percentage Error:
Actual Value−Theoretical Value
Percentage Error= ×100 %
Theoretical Value

88.89 μm/m ° C−13.2 μm/m° C

Percentage Error= × 100 %=5.73 %
13.2 μm/m ° C
Iron

 Change of Length:
∆ L=Lf −Li =48000 μm−47000 μm=1000 μm

 Change of Temperature:
∆ T =T f −T i=160 ° C−25 ° C=135° C

 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:

∆L 1000 μm
α= = =157.60 μm/m° C
Li ∆T (0.047 m)(135 ° C )
 Percentage Error:
Actual Value−Theoretical Value
Percentage Error= ×100 %
Theoretical Value
157.60 μm/m °C−12.1 μm/m ° C
Percentage Error= ×100 %=12.02%
12.1 μm/m °C