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 CONTENTS

Introduction

PART 1 READING

Chapter 1 Set 1 Reading Questions

Questions 1–69

Chapter 2 Set 2 Reading Questions

Questions 70–125

Chapter 3 Set 3 Reading Questions

Questions 126–194

Chapter 4 Set 4 Reading Questions

Questions 195–250

PART 2 ENGLISH

Chapter 5 Set 1 English Questions

Questions 251–376

Chapter 6 Set 2 English Questions

Questions 377–500

Chapter 7 How to Write an Essay

Chapter 8 ACT Essay Prompts

Answers
 INTRODUCTION

Congratulations! You’ve taken a big step toward ACT success by

purchasing McGraw Hill 500 ACT English and Reading Questions to
know by test day, Third Edition. We are here to help you take the
next step and score high on your ACT exam so you can get into the
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This updated book gives you 500 ACT-style multiple-choice
questions that cover all the most essential reading and writing
material. The questions will give you valuable independent practice
to supplement your regular textbook and the ground you have
already covered in your English and reading classes. Each question is
clearly explained in the answer key.
The passages presented here cover the same broad categories
(literary narrative, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences)
as the ACT. On the ACT, these passages appear in no particular
order, and so the passages here are presented in a similar random
order.
In addition, this book includes an explanation for writing the ACT
essay. First, it takes you step-by-step through the writing process,
and then it provides prompts that allow you to practice your writing
skills on your own.
This book and the others in the series were written by expert
teachers who know the ACT inside and out and can identify crucial
information as well as the kinds of questions that are most likely to
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You might be the kind of student who needs to study extra a few
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of student who puts off preparing until the last minute before the
exam. No matter what your preparation style, you will benefit from
reviewing these 500 questions, which closely parallel the content,
format, and degree of difficulty of the reading and English questions
on the actual ACT exam. These questions and the explanations in
the answer key are the ideal last-minute study tool for those final
weeks before the test.
If you practice with all the questions and answers in this book,
we are certain you will build the skills and confidence needed to
excel on the ACT. Good luck!

—Editors of McGraw Hill

 PART 1
Reading
 CHAPTER 1
Set 1 Reading Questions

Literary Narrative
“Love of Life” by Jack London
This selection is the end of a story about a man who had starved in
the wilderness for several days. Hungry and sick, he crawled to a
beach, where he was taken aboard a ship filled with scientists.
1. The point of view from which the passage is told can best be
described as
(A) first person.
(B) second person.
(C) third person limited.
(D) third person omniscient.

2. When the author describes the man by saying that “the dying
life in him flickered up and burned less dimly,” he is comparing
the man’s life to
(A) death.
(B) dimness.
(C) insanity.
(D) a candle.
3. It can reasonably be inferred from the second paragraph
(lines 9–15) that the man
(A) was trying to get their attention.
(B) was unhappy to see the scientists.
(C) looked more like an animal than a human.
(D) was a dangerous person.

4. Which of the following most closely captures the main conflict

of the story?
(A) There wasn’t enough food on the ship.
(B) The scientists aboard the ship were too harsh with the
rescued man.
(C) The rescued man needed to recover from a terrible
ordeal.
(D) The rescued man needed transportation to San
Francisco.

5. Speaking of the rescued man’s journey from the wilderness to

the beach, the author says, “He did not try.” The concept that
the author is most nearly trying to portray is that
(A) after a while, the man gave up, and it was just
happenstance that he arrived on the beach.
(B) the man had no particular goal in mind when he crawled
forward.
(C) the life force inside the man kept him moving although
he was not conscious of making that decision.
(D) the man was only motivated to continue moving after he
had a sufficient amount of rest.

6. It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that the man

stored biscuits in his mattress because
(A) he wanted to make sure he always had food.
 (B) he knew that biscuits were in short supply and would
soon run out.
(C) he was a thief.
(D) he was very fond of sea biscuits.

7. As it is used in lines 33–37, the word “mendicant” most nearly

means
(A) beggar.
(B) thief.
(C) performer.
(D) entertainer.

8. It can reasonably be inferred from the fourth paragraph (lines

21–29) that the man hated the people eating with him because
(A) he disliked scientists.
(B) they were unfriendly to him.
(C) he thought they were taking food that he would need.
(D) they had few manners.

9. Which of the following statements about the sailors is

supported by the passage?
(A) They thought he might hurt them if they didn’t help him.
(B) They thought he was a curiosity and went along with his
requests.
(C) They wanted the man to gain weight since he had been
starving.
(D) They hoped that the man would help them when they
were in need.

10. The passage discusses everything about the man EXCEPT his
(A) appearance.
(B) name.
(C) past.
 (D) attitude toward food.

11. It can reasonably be inferred that the man could be seen as a

symbol of
(A) greed and unpleasantness.
(B) humanity’s desire to survive.
(C) the failures of humankind.
(D) the power of science.

12. According to the passage, what would most likely happen to

the man?
(A) He would lose his obsession with food.
(B) He would never recover his sanity.
(C) He would stay convinced that he would starve.
(D) He would steal more and more.

13. It can reasonably be inferred that the main theme of the

passage is that
(A) scientists are kind people.
(B) starvation can affect a person’s mind.
(C) sailors are helpful to sick people.
(D) some people are unable to control their desire for food.

Paired Passages: Social Sciences

Passage 1: The Great Stilt Race
This account of a bizarre event in the late 1800s is true, proving that
truth can be stranger than fiction.
Passage 2: The Creation of the Tour de France
This passage recounts the early years of the Tour de France, which
was rife with claims of cheating.
Passage 1 Questions
14. The main point of this passage is to
(A) illustrate the difficulties of walking long distances on
stilts.
(B) recount the story of a strange race with stilts that took
place in the late 1800s.
(C) deliberate as to why the winner was so much faster than
the other competitors.
(D) illustrate how many newspapers try to increase their
readership by sponsoring events.

15. Which of the following best states why the people of Les
Landes used stilts?
(A) Les Landes is an extremely flat area.
(B) A newspaper was offering a prize for a stilt race.
(C) The shepherds could see their sheep more easily.
(D) The land was filled with ditches and marshes.

16. The most likely reason that the author says that the
“response from the local people was overwhelming” (lines 18–
19) was that
(A) 75 men entered the race.
(B) bets were made on who would win.
(C) the contestants got tired.
(D) the café owners greeted the competitors.

17. The competitors were able to complete the course in much

less time than was originally estimated. It can most reasonably
be inferred that this happened because
(A) the racers were so practiced at stilt walking that the race
was easier than organizers had predicted.
 (B) the racers were more dedicated and tenacious than
organizers had foreseen.
(C) the café proprietors offered quick refreshments along the
way.
(D) the course was easier than the organizers had realized.

18. Which of the following statements best explains “halfway

through the race, the field had narrowed to only 32
contestants” (lines 34–35)?
(A) The course was not as wide as it was at the beginning.
(B) The marshy land was flooded.
(C) There were fewer racers.
(D) Some racers had been cheating.

Passage 2 Questions
19. The main point of this passage is to
(A) illustrate how many newspapers try to increase their
readership by sponsoring events.
(B) describe the accomplishments of early cyclist Maurice
Garin.
(C) describe how the race was beset with issues of cheating
in the early years.
(D) deliberate on the differences between the first Tour de
France and the Tour de France of today.

20. The riders were unscrupulous (line 33). This most nearly
means that they
(A) were skilled cyclists.
(B) had a lot of endurance.
(C) were very resourceful.
(D) used dishonest tactics.
21. The most likely reason that the author used the word
“shockingly” was because it was surprising that
(A) Garin won by only one minute.
(B) it took Garin 17 hours to go 300 miles.
(C) Garin was the winner.
(D) that part of the race was so long.

22. The primary purpose of the second paragraph of the passage

is to inform readers of the
(A) attire of the cyclists.
(B) differences between this race and the modern version of
the Tour de France.
(C) fatigue that many racers faced during this grueling race.
(D) dangers that the early cyclists faced while they rode.

23. Which of the following was a problem that the racers faced?
(A) Blistering sun
(B) Lack of food
(C) Rain and sleet
(D) Lack of sleep

Paired Passage Questions

24. Unlike in Passage 1, in Passage 2, the author
(A) is much more cynical about the morals of racers and
their fans.
(B) considers endurance races something that anyone could
participate in.
(C) feels that too much publicity can ruin a race.
(D) thinks that it is important to have a large reward for
endurance races.
25. The authors of Passage 1 and Passage 2 would most likely
agree that
(A) there are many ways to cheat in an endurance race.
(B) races at the turn of the twentieth century were more
difficult than the races of today.
(C) endurance races are difficult and grueling competitions.
(D) the celebration at the end of an endurance race is worth
all the pain.

26. In both Passage 1 and Passage 2, the impetus for hosting the
race is
(A) to entertain the masses.
(B) to boost flagging newspaper sales.
(C) to see how much the human body could endure.
(D) to showcase the most deserving athlete.

27. The author of Passage 1 references spectators’ support for

competitors in a positive light; the author of Passage 2 would
most likely respond to that idea by
(A) agreeing that it is important for spectators to be involved
in the race.
(B) agreeing that more involved spectators would produce
more newspaper sales.
(C) suggesting that spectator involvement would be just one
more method that competitors could use to cheat.
(D) suggesting that spectator involvement would not allow
for a true test of endurance for the athletes.

Humanities
Up from Slavery by Booker T. Washington
Booker T. Washington (1856–1915), the first principal of Tuskegee
Institute in Alabama, was born into slavery. The following passage is
from his autobiography.
28. Which of the following statements explains why Washington
did not understand why the cabin had a cat-hole?
(A) They had no cat.
(B) The hole was too small for people to pass through.
(C) There were a number of holes in the walls.
 (D) The sweet potatoes covered it up.

29. It can reasonably be inferred that Washington’s early years

were
(A) something he tried to forget.
(B) free of any major problems.
(C) a large influence on him.
(D) difficult to remember.

30. It can reasonably be inferred that Washington told the story

of his mother’s cooking a chicken so that the reader would
(A) reflect on whether she stole the chicken or not.
(B) understand the desperate situation the family was in.
(C) be sympathetic toward their masters.
(D) realize the difficult work his mother did.

31. In the third paragraph (lines 14–23), the author most nearly
characterizes his experience eating sweet potatoes as
(A) a thoughtful moment in his young life.
(B) a funny occurrence that he never forgot.
(C) a fond memory among many depressing ones.
(D) a confusing event that led to his desire to achieve.

32. In the context of the passage, the fifth paragraph (lines 36–
39) is best described as
(A) giving the reader a realistic understanding of
Washington’s living conditions.
(B) comparing the lives of slaves and masters.
(C) complaining to the reader about his life as a child.
(D) being careful how he talks about the conditions that he
encountered in the cabin.
33. Based on Washington’s experience of seeing the classroom in
the sixth paragraph (lines 40–45), it can reasonably be inferred
that he thought that school was
(A) beyond his reach.
(B) useful in becoming a lawyer.
(C) something he would be fearful of trying.
(D) a goal he had to attain.

34. Which of the following details is used in the passage to

illustrate the arduous labor required of Washington’s mother by
her owners?
(A) The “pallet” on the dirt floor on which all of the children
had to sleep
(B) The stolen chicken that she cooked late at night to feed
her children
(C) The open fireplace over which she cooked for the whites
and slaves
(D) The description of the gaps in the walls that allowed cold
air to seep into the cabin

35. Which aspect of life as a slave seemed most surprising to

Washington?
(A) The fact that slaves knew what was going on in the
country
(B) The idea that slaves could spend time with their families
(C) The idea that slaves enjoyed talking to each other when
they weren’t working
(D) The fact that slaves may have stolen from their owners

36. In the last paragraph, Washington refers to the “grape-vine”

telegraph (line 61) to show how
(A) unaware the slaves were.
(B) hopeful the slaves were.
 (C) the slaves spent their time.
(D) the slaves found things out.

37. The main point of this passage is to

(A) indicate the results of the Civil War.
(B) show the harsh realities of the slaves’ lives.
(C) criticize the way Washington’s mother treated her
children.
(D) prove that education is valuable.

38. It could reasonably be inferred that the author’s attitude

toward his past was one of
(A) anger and resentment.
(B) sensitivity and acceptance.
(C) fear and deception.
(D) indifference and boredom.

39. Why was it possible for Washington to see the schoolhouse?

(A) He was performing a job for the owner’s daughter.
(B) He was being taught by the teacher who ran the school.
(C) He was allowed to go to the school and do errands for
the teacher.
(D) He was able to sneak out of the cabin in the early
morning.

40. Based on the seventh paragraph (lines 46–50), what effect

did Washington’s mother’s praying have on him?
(A) It made him want to stand up to his owner.
(B) It made him realize that he was not free.
(C) It made him fear his mother.
(D) It made him want to go to war.
 41. When the author speaks of the “cat-hole” as a contrivance
(line 8), he most nearly means that it was a(n)
(A) adaptor.
(B) concession.
(C) device.
(D) generator.

Natural Sciences
The Progression of Written Language
Once we learn to write at an early age, we take writing for granted.
But as this passage shows, writing has a long and complicated
history.
42. The main point of the passage is that
(A) writing a language is the same as speaking it.
(B) all written languages use letters to stand for sounds.
(C) written languages were invented before spoken
languages.
(D) written language evolved slowly over many years.

43. According to the passage, writing may have developed to

(A) keep track of possessions.
 (B) write down religious ceremonies.
(C) record the best times to plant and to harvest.
(D) record victories of the king and his army.

44. According to the passage, one advantage of using picture

symbols for writing rather than an alphabet was that it
(A) was cheaper.
(B) used only 26 symbols.
(C) could be read by people who spoke different languages.
(D) meant that scribes were important people.

45. According to the fifth paragraph (lines 26–33), scribes were

well-paid, important people because they
(A) were the rulers.
(B) kept track of collected taxes.
(C) taught the alphabet to other people.
(D) could speak many languages.

46. It can reasonably be inferred that scribes began to use

symbols instead of pictures because it
(A) cost less money.
(B) made more sense.
(C) looked better.
(D) was much faster.

47. It can most reasonably be inferred from the passage that,

with regard to the numeral 4, people in the United States and
Sweden are able to read the symbol because
(A) the symbol is used in the same way in both countries.
(B) the Swedish language uses a similar alphabet to English.
(C) the two languages have borrowed symbols from one
another.
 (D) people around the world use the English alphabet to
communicate.

48. According to the passage, the idea of writing with an alphabet

may have first developed in
(A) China and Japan.
(B) Lebanon, Israel, and Syria.
(C) Peru and Mexico.
(D) Egypt and Greece.

49. According to the passage, the first alphabet was probably

invented before
(A) picture writing.
(B) the Greek alphabet.
(C) any spoken language.
(D) hieroglyphics.

50. It can reasonably be inferred that the language for which a

writing system was developed last was
(A) English.
(B) Egyptian.
(C) Greek.
(D) Chinese.

51. According to the passage, why are English words confusing to

spell?
(A) There are 40 sounds that make up words but only 26
letters in the alphabet.
(B) English was the last language for which a writing system
was developed.
(C) English words are very long.
(D) English words are difficult to pronounce.
52. According to the passage, which language uses a writing
system based on pictures rather than letters?
(A) Russian
(B) Swedish
(C) English
(D) Chinese

53. It can reasonably be inferred that the author of the passage

holds the opinion that
(A) knowing how to write creates problems for people.
(B) countries that use picture writing are better than
countries that use alphabets.
(C) it is good for people to be able to communicate with one
another.
(D) all countries should use the same alphabet.

54. According to the passage, in what way is a writing system of

letters superior to a system of pictures?
(A) People can learn an alphabet more quickly than symbols.
(B) An alphabet allows people who speak different languages
to understand each other.
(C) People can learn to record information more quickly with
an alphabet.
(D) An alphabet has more letters than a system of pictures.

55. When the author states that knowing the names of those who
developed writing thousands of years ago is immaterial (line
64), the author means that it is
(A) vital to know them.
(B) not easy to know them.
(C) unimportant to know them.
(D) acceptable to know them.
Literary Narrative
“Hearts and Hands” by O. Henry
O. Henry (1862–1910) lived in the American West as a young man.
Accused of embezzling money while working in a bank, he began
writing while in federal prison. He became famous for short stories
with surprise endings. See if the ending of this story surprises you.
56. Based on the information in the introduction, which of the
following is most likely true?
(A) O. Henry was familiar with the foreign service.
(B) O. Henry knew something about going to prison.
(C) O. Henry wrote poetry about traveling through the West.
(D) O. Henry served as marshal in the western United
States.

57. In the sixth paragraph (lines 21–26), the bracelet worn by

Easton was
(A) a handcuff.
(B) a present from Miss Fairchild.
(C) worth a lot of money.
(D) something only women usually wear.

58. Which of the following is the most likely description of

Easton’s relationship to the ambassador?
(A) He was a good friend of the ambassador and misses him.
(B) He left Washington because he fought with him.
(C) He wanted to become ambassador instead.
(D) He was jealous about his seeing Miss Fairchild in
Washington.

59. It can most reasonably be inferred from the passage that Miss
Fairchild
(A) was never interested in Easton.
(B) would like to see more of Easton.
(C) thinks Easton has changed a good deal.
(D) worries that Easton will try to see her more.

60. When the author says that Easton “seemed to struggle with a
slight embarrassment” (lines 15–16), he is referring to the fact
that Easton was
 (A) a marshal.
(B) handcuffed.
(C) unhappy to be on the train.
(D) displeased with Miss Fairchild.

61. When Easton says, “My butterfly days are over, I fear” (line
47), he means that he
(A) is no longer popular.
(B) can no longer be frivolous.
(C) is busy with traveling.
(D) has a lot of prisoners he needs to see.

62. Based on the information in the passage, the real reason the
older man asks to be taken to the smoking car is that he
(A) is tired of the conversation.
(B) wants to save Easton from embarrassment.
(C) doesn’t like Miss Fairchild.
(D) is trying to escape.

63. In the last paragraph, the significance of the passenger

saying “Oh, didn’t you catch on?” (line 70) is that it tells the
reader that he
(A) knew that Easton was not the real marshal.
(B) realized that Easton was really the marshal.
(C) knew Easton.
(D) had met Miss Fairchild.

64. When Easton says, “Money has a way of taking wings unto
itself” (lines 33–34), he means that he
(A) is not interested in money.
(B) saved money in the West.
(C) has a lot of money.
(D) spent most of his money.
65. Which of the following statements best describes Miss
Fairchild’s initial reaction on seeing Easton with handcuffs?
(A) She was uninterested.
(B) She thought it was funny.
(C) She was horrified.
(D) She was angry.

66. When the author says that the “glum-faced man had been
watching the girl’s countenance with veiled glances from his
keen, shrewd eyes” (lines 25–26), he is suggesting that the
man
(A) was interested in what was going on between Miss
Fairchild and Easton.
(B) was looking for a way to impress Miss Fairchild.
(C) wanted to tell Miss Fairchild why Easton came to the
West.
(D) thought Miss Fairchild should be careful of Easton.

67. By the end of the story, the reader is able to realize that
(A) Easton had been in prison for several years.
(B) Easton was the prisoner.
(C) Easton never was in Washington.
(D) Easton does not like Miss Fairchild.

68. Based on his actions in the passage, the glum-faced man can
be best described as
(A) compassionate.
(B) detached.
(C) malicious.
(D) squeamish.

69. From the author’s inclusion of the description of the girl’s

manner of speaking later in the conversation as “truly and
simply, without the gloss of style and manner,” it can most
nearly be inferred that she
(A) was entranced by the West and looking for a way to
relocate to that area.
(B) felt stifled by the social conventions of East Coast society.
(C) was not as full of artifice as was indicated by the initial
description of her.
(D) cared a great deal for Easton and was hopeful of a more
intimate relationship with him.
 CHAPTER 2
Set 2 Reading Questions

Literary Narrative
“Mr. Travers’s First Hunt” by Richard Harding
Davis
Richard Harding Davis (1864–1916) wrote humorous short stories
about people who were rich enough to own dogs and horses for the
sport of fox hunting. This is an adaptation of one story.
70. The point of view from which the passage is told can best be
described as that of a narrator who
(A) rode with Travers on the fox hunt.
(B) is aware of Travers’s problem.
(C) is a member of the Paddock family.
(D) has no riding ability.

71. Which of the following statements best indicates why Travers

tells his future brother-in-law that he likes to ride horses?
(A) He is an excellent horseman.
(B) His fiancée told him to say that.
(C) He wants to ride in the fox hunt.
(D) He likes a challenge.

72. When Old Mr. Paddock says he would ask his daughter’s
suitor “not if he had lived straight, but if he could ride straight”
(Lines 7–8), he most nearly means that he is more concerned
with a suitor’s horsemanship than with his
(A) wealth.
(B) power.
(C) morals.
(D) manners.

73. It can reasonably be inferred that Travers had the dream

described in the fifth paragraph (lines 21–23) because he
(A) was anxious about getting married.
(B) was afraid of riding Monster.
 (C) had a fever.
(D) had indigestion from the food he ate at dinner.

74. Which of the following statements best describes Travers’s

predicament?
(A) He was worried that his fiancée didn’t really care for him.
(B) He was fearful of asking young Paddock how to ride.
(C) He wanted to impress young Paddock, but he didn’t
know how.
(D) He wanted to impress his fiancée’s family, but he was
afraid.

75. Travers gives the impression that he is a great rider by

(A) managing to stay on Monster as the horse goes wildly
onward.
(B) showing that he is skilled in handling the horse.
(C) getting Monster to do several jumps.
(D) bragging a lot about his riding ability after the hunt.

76. Which of the following statements best explains why Travers

did not take the bridge over the stream?
(A) He preferred to jump over it.
(B) He couldn’t get Monster to go over to it.
(C) He wanted to show off his courage and skill.
(D) His fiancée warned him not to.

77. When the author says that Travers felt as though “he was on
a locomotive that was jumping the ties” (line 35), he means
that Travers
(A) realized that the horse was galloping.
(B) could not control the horse.
(C) was getting hurt.
(D) was enjoying the ride.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
pour sa besogne. On exige un haut niveau d’intelligence, et l’on ne
pardonne pas les défaillances. Par exemple : certain employé, en
congé à Londres, se trompa de train à Boulogne et, au lieu d’aller à
Paris, ce qu’il avait bien entendu eu l’intention de faire, se trouva à
une station appelée Kirk Kilissie, à l’ouest d’Andrinople, où il resta
quelques semaines. C’est une erreur qui aurait pu être commise par
n’importe qui, par une nuit sombre, après une traversée
tempêtueuse, mais les autorités n’en voulurent rien croire, et lorsque
je quittai l’Égypte elles étaient activement occupées à le passer à
tabac. Tout le monde est effroyablement comme il faut maintenant
au Soudan.
Il y a bien, bien longtemps, avant même que les Philippines
eussent été prises, un de mes amis fut réprimandé par un Député
anglais, d’abord pour le péché commis en versant du sang, parce
qu’il était par profession soldat, ensuite pour l’assassinat parce qu’il
avait combattu dans de grandes batailles, et enfin, chose la plus
importante de toutes, parce que lui et ses matamores avaient infligé
au contribuable anglais les dépenses occasionnées par le Soudan.
Mon ami expliqua que tout ce que le Soudan avait jamais coûté au
contribuable anglais était le prix d’environ une douzaine de drapeaux
anglais réglementaires — un pour chaque province. — Et c’est là, dit
triomphalement le Député, tout ce que cela vaudra jamais. Il
continua à se justifier, et le Soudan continua — aussi. Aujourd’hui il
a pris sa place en tant qu’un de ces miracles reconnus et avérés, qui
s’obtiennent, sans qu’on ait besoin d’emportement ni d’entêtes de
journaux, grâce à des hommes qui font la tâche la plus proche d’eux
et s’occupent rarement de leur propre réputation.
Tandis qu’il y a seize ans — moins même — le pays entier n’était
qu’un enfer affolant de meurtre, de torture, de prurit, où chaque
homme qui possédait une épée s’en servait jusqu’au moment où il
rencontrait un plus fort que lui et devenait esclave. C’était — ce sont
ceux qui s’en souviennent qui le disent, — une hystérie de sang et
de fanatisme, et de même qu’une femme hystérique est rappelée à
ses sens par un jet d’eau froide, de même à la bataille d’Omdurman
le pays fut ramené à la santé mentale par la mort appliquée sur une
échelle telle, que les meurtriers et les bourreaux auraient eu du mal,
même à l’extrême limite de leur débordement, à concevoir. En un
jour et une nuit tous ceux qui avaient du pouvoir et de l’autorité
furent exterminés et soumis si bien que, comme le dit la vieille
chanson, il ne resta plus de chef pour demander des nouvelles
d’aucun suivant. Tous ils avaient fait une dernière charge qui les
mena au Paradis. Ceux qui restaient s’attendaient à voir se
renouveler des massacres pareils à ceux auxquels ils avaient été
accoutumés, et lorsque ceux-ci ne vinrent point, ils dirent sans
recours : — Nous n’avons rien, nous ne sommes rien, voulez-vous
nous vendre comme esclaves chez les Égyptiens ? Ceux qui se
souviennent des anciens jours de la Reconstruction — véritable
épopée — disent qu’il ne restait plus rien sur quoi bâtir, même pas
d’épaves. Le savoir, la décence, les relations de famille, la propriété,
les titres, le sentiment de la possession : tout était parti. On leur
intima l’ordre de rester tranquilles et d’obéir ; et ils restèrent ébahis,
tâtonnant comme les foules ahuries après une explosion. Peu à peu
cependant ils furent nourris et soignés et disciplinés quelque peu ;
des tâches, dont ils n’espéraient jamais voir la fin leur furent
imposées, et ils furent presque par force physique poussés et
traînés le long des routes de l’existence même. Ils en vinrent à
comprendre bientôt qu’ils pourraient récolter ce qu’ils avaient semé
et qu’un homme, mieux, une femme, pourrait faire une marche d’une
journée avec deux chèvres et un lit indigène, et garder la vie et ses
biens saufs. Mais il fallait le leur enseigner comme on le ferait au
jardin d’enfants.
Et insensiblement, à mesure qu’ils se rendaient compte que
l’ordre nouveau était sûr, et que leurs anciens oppresseurs étaient
bien morts, on vit revenir non seulement des cultivateurs, des
artisans, des techniciens, mais des soldats d’aspect bizarre, portant
les cicatrices de vieilles blessures, et les généreuses fossettes que
la balle Martini-Henry avait coutume d’infliger — hommes de combat
à la recherche d’un nouvel emploi. Ils lambinaient par-ci par-là,
tantôt sur une jambe, tantôt sur l’autre, fiers ou amicaux avec
inquiétude, jusqu’à ce que quelque officier blanc vînt à passer tout
près. Lorsqu’il eut passé quatre ou cinq fois, l’homme brun et
l’homme blanc s’étant appréciés par le regard, la conversation, ainsi
qu’il paraît, s’engageait à peu près ainsi :
Officier (avec l’air de quelqu’un qui fait soudain une découverte). Dites
donc, vous là-bas, près de la hutte, qu’est-ce que vous voulez ?
Guerrier (prenant la position fixe, qui est compromise par un effort fait
pour saluer). Je suis un tel, de tel endroit.
Officier. J’entends, et alors ?
Guerrier (répétant le salut)… Et un soldat aussi.
Officier (parlant à l’horizon, sans s’adresser à personne en particulier).
Mais tous disent cela aujourd’hui.
Guerrier (tout à fait à haute voix). Mais il y a un homme dans un de
vos bataillons qui peut en fournir la preuve. C’est le petit-fils de
l’oncle de mon père.
Officier (confidentiellement, à ses souliers). L’Enfer est tout à fait
rempli de pareils petits-fils, de pareils oncles ; et comment puis-je
savoir si le soldat un tel dit la vérité au sujet de sa famille ? (fait mine
de partir).
Guerrier (enlevant rapidement les vêtements nécessaires). Peut-être.
Mais voici ce qui ne ment pas. Regardez ! J’ai reçu ceci, il y a dix,
douze ans, quand je n’étais que gamin, près de l’ancienne frontière.
Oui, Halfa. C’était une véritable balle Snider. Sentez-la ! Cette petite
blessure à la jambe je l’ai reçue dans la grande bataille qui mit fin à
tout l’année dernière. Mais je ne suis pas boiteux (Violents exercices des
jambes), pas le moins du monde boiteux. Voyez, je cours, je saute, je
donne des coups de pied, loué soit Allah !
Officier. Loué soit Allah. Et puis après ?
Guerrier (avec coquetterie). Et puis, je tire du fusil. Je ne suis pas
un lancier ordinaire. (Parlant finalement anglais.) Oui, sacré bonn ti’eur.
(Fait marcher la gâchette d’un Martini imaginaire).
Officier (sans broncher). Et puis ?
 Guerrier (avec indignation). Je suis venu ici, moi, après plusieurs
jours de marche, (changeant, et adoptant un ton de cajolerie d’enfant) est-ce
que tous les régiments sont pleins ?
A ce moment le parent, en uniforme, se découvrait
généralement, et si ses allures plaisaient à l’officier, encore un autre
« vieux soldat du Mahdi » venait s’ajouter à la machine qui se
fabriquait tout en roulant. Dans ces temps-là on traitait les affaires à
la lumière pure de la raison et avec une certaine audace élevée et
sainte.
On raconte une histoire de deux Sheiks, arrivée peu après le
commencement de la Reconstruction. L’un d’eux, Abdullah de la
Rivière, prudent et fils d’une esclave, fit profession de loyauté envers
les Anglais de très bonne heure, et se servait de cette loyauté
comme manteau pour voler des chameaux à un autre Sheik, Farid
du Désert, encore en guerre avec les Anglais, mais un parfait
gentilhomme, ce que n’était pas Abdullah. Naturellement, Farid fit à
son tour des raids sur les bêtes d’Abdullah ; Abdullah se plaignit aux
autorités, et toute la Frontière était en fermentation. A Farid dans
son camp de désert, accompagné d’un certain nombre de bêtes
appartenant à Abdullah vint, seul et sans armes, l’officier
responsable de la paix de ces régions. Après les compliments
échangés, car ils avaient eu des rapports ensemble auparavant : —
Vous vous êtes encore livré à des vols de bêtes dans le troupeau
d’Abdullah, dit l’officier anglais.
— Je vous crois ! fut la chaude réponse. Il vole mes bêtes et se
réfugie vivement sur votre territoire, où il sait que je ne puis
absolument pas le suivre, et quand j’essaie de rentrer tant soit peu
en possession de mon bien, il vient pleurer auprès de vous. C’est un
saligaud, un pur saligaud.
— Dans tous les cas il est loyal. Si seulement vous vouliez
consentir à vous soumettre et à être loyal aussi, vous seriez tous les
deux sur le même pied, et alors s’il vous volait quelque chose il en
verrait de dures !
 — Il n’oserait jamais voler sauf sous votre protection. Donnez-lui
ce qu’il aurait reçu au temps du Mahdi, une bonne raclée. Vous
savez qu’il le mérite, vous !
— Ce n’est guère permis, vous savez, cela. Il va falloir que vous
me laissiez ramener toutes ces bêtes qui lui appartiennent.
— Et si je refuse ?
— Alors il me faudra rentrer à cheval et ramasser tous mes
hommes pour vous faire la guerre.
— Mais qu’est-ce qui m’empêche de vous couper la gorge
pendant que vous êtes assis là ?
— D’abord le fait que vous n’êtes pas Abdullah, et…
— Voyez ! vous reconnaissez que c’est une crapule !
— Ensuite, le Gouvernement enverrait tout simplement un autre
officier ne comprenant pas vos façons d’agir, et alors ce serait la
guerre, pour de bon, et personne n’y gagnerait rien qu’Abdullah. Il
volerait vos chameaux et en aurait tout le crédit.
— C’est vrai, le coquin ! Que la vie est pénible pour un honnête
homme ! Or, vous admettez qu’Abdullah est un saligaud, alors
écoutez-moi et je vous dirai encore autre chose sur son compte. Il
était, etc. etc. il est etc. etc.
— Vous avez parfaitement raison, Sheik, mais ne voyez-vous pas
que je ne puis lui dire ce que je pense de lui, tant qu’il est loyal et
que vous, vous restez notre ennemi ? Eh bien, si vous, vous vous
soumettez, je vous promets que j’en dirai des miennes à Abdullah,
oui, en votre présence, et votre cœur s’en réjouira.
— Non ! Je ne veux point me soumettre ! Mais je vais vous dire
ce que je veux faire. Je vous accompagnerai demain comme votre
hôte, comprenez bien, à votre tente. Alors, envoyez chercher
Abdullah, et si j’estime que sa grosse figure a été suffisamment
noircie en ma présence, je verrai si je ne puis pas faire ma
soumission plus tard.
Ainsi fut convenu, et ils dormirent le reste de la nuit, côte à côte,
et dans la matinée ils rassemblèrent et rendirent toutes les bêtes
d’Abdullah. Le soir même, en présence de Farid, Abdullah reçut la
semonce la plus cinglante qu’il eût jamais entendue dans toute sa
vieille existence scélérate, et Farid du Désert rit et fit sa soumission
et — comme dans les contes — ils vécurent tous heureux dans la
suite.
Quelque part, dans les provinces plus proches, le vieux jeu
désordonné et violent doit persister encore, mais le vrai Soudan a
fini par adopter la civilisation du genre qui comporte le bungalow en
brique, et du genre Bougainville, et il existe une énorme école où les
jeunes gens sont dressés pour devenir ajusteurs, inspecteurs,
dessinateurs, et employés de télégraphe avec des appointements
fabuleux. En temps voulu ils oublieront combien il fallait de
précautions jadis à leurs aïeux, au temps du Mahdi, pour s’assurer
même une demi-ration pour leur ventre, alors, tout comme cela s’est
produit ailleurs.
Ils croiront honnêtement que ce sont eux qui ont originairement
créé, et qui ont maintenu depuis, la vie si facile où ils ont été placés
à un prix d’achat si élevé. Alors on les verra demander : « Une
extension du gouvernement local, le Soudan pour les Soudanais, »
et ainsi de suite, si bien qu’il faudra parcourir de nouveau le cycle
entier. C’est une dure loi, mais une vieille loi — Rome elle-même
mourut d’avoir eu à l’apprendre, de même que notre civilisation
occidentale pourra en mourir — que si vous donnez à qui que ce soit
quelque chose qu’il n’a pas péniblement gagné pour lui-même,
infailliblement vous faites de lui ou de ses descendants vos ennemis
avérés.
TABLE DES MATIÈRES

D’UN LIT DE MARÉE A L’AUTRE (1892).

En vue de Monadnock 9
A travers un Continent 24
La lisière de l’Orient 44
Nos hommes d’outre-mer 60
Tremblements de terre 74
Une demi-douzaine de tableaux 87
« Les Capitaines courageux » 98
Rien que d’un côté 111
Lettres d’un carnet d’hiver 125

LETTRES A LA FAMILLE (1908).

La route de Québec 147
Un peuple chez lui 160
Cités et Espaces 172
Journaux et Démocratie 186
Le Travail 200
Les villes fortunées 213
Des Montagnes et le Pacifique 228
 Une Conclusion 243

L’ÉGYPTE DES MAGICIENS (1913).

Voyage sur mer 257
Un Retour à l’Orient 270
Un Serpent du Vieux Nil 282
En remontant le fleuve 294
Potentats morts 308
La face du Désert 321
L’énigme d’Empire 332

ABBEVILLE. — IMPRIMERIE F. PAILLART.

 PAYOT & Cie, 106, Boulevard Saint-Germain, PARIS-VIe

RUDYARD KIPLING
LA GUERRE SUR MER
Préface de M. Étienne LAMY
Un vol. in-16 6 fr.
Rudyard Kipling a mené tour à tour sur des chalutiers, des destroyers et des
sous-marins, chacune des existences qui sont celles des hommes de la mer. De
là, des récits qui donnent une puissante impression de vie, de vérité et d’art où,
par cela même qu’il a subordonné la force de la matière à la force de l’esprit, les
actions humaines à un ordre surhumain, réside une beauté qui ne se trouve égale
en aucun autre livre de Kipling.
(La Revue des Deux Mondes).

Du Même
LES YEUX DE L’ASIE
Traduit de l’anglais par FIRMIN ROZ
Un vol. petit in-16 br. de la COLLECTION PETITE
ANTHOLOGIE 3 fr.
Relié satinette 7 fr.
… Quatre lettres supposées de soldats des Indes à leurs compatriotes. Beaux
sujets pour l’auteur de Kim ; tout y est, les hommes qu’il a tant observés, dont il
connaît si bien la langue, les usages, les passions, et la guerre qui éprouve les
caractères et confronte les civilisations. Venus du berceau du monde, les Hindous
portent sur l’occident de l’Europe, sur l’Angleterre, sur la France, le regard d’une
cordiale curiosité. Ils ne cessent de peser ce qu’ils voient et ce qu’ils savent, et ils
se répandent en propos d’une pompe touchante. C’est, mais plus grave et sur de
plus grands objets, le jeu de notre Montesquieu dans ses « Lettres persanes ».
(L’Action Française).
 H.-G. WELLS
M. BRITLING COMMENCE A VOIR
CLAIR
Un vol. in-16 6 fr.
Jamais le merveilleux talent du célèbre écrivain anglais ne s’est mieux affirmé
que dans ce roman qui a fait sensation tant en Angleterre qu’en Amérique, et qui
demeurera sans doute son chef-d’œuvre.
(La Revue Hebdomadaire).

Du Même

DIEU, L’INVISIBLE ROI

Traduction et Préface de M. BUTTS
Un vol. in-16 6 fr.
Dieu, l’invisible roi, nous offre la substance métaphysique de Wells ; nous y
suivons l’évolution de sa pensée. Il y expose avec force sa conception, de la
vérité, ses croyances qui reposent sur une foi ferme en un Dieu personnel avec
lequel il peut entrer en communion.
(La Revue des Deux Mondes).

Du Même

LA FLAMME IMMORTELLE
Traduction de M. BUTTS
Un vol. in-16 6 fr.
C’est à tous les éducateurs que l’auteur anglais dédie son volume
philosophique où il expose que l’humanité serait plus heureuse si on l’instruisait
mieux. Ce n’est pas dans une vie future qu’il faut escompter le bonheur. C’est de
lui-même, de sa flamme immortelle, que l’homme qui conçoit ce que pourrait être
le bonheur humain doit le tirer par un effort commun. Et c’est en façonnant
l’homme dans l’amour de ses semblables que les éducateurs pourront obtenir
cette belle œuvre.
(La France de l’Ouest).
 GRAND PRIX NOBEL DE LITTÉRATURE
CARL SPITTELER
MES PREMIERS SOUVENIRS
Un vol. in-16 6 fr.
Mes premiers souvenirs remontent à la première année de la vie de l’auteur
et s’arrêtent lorsqu’il est à peine âgé de quatre ans. On lira avec curiosité le récit
de ces émotions enfantines qui n’a rien d’une biographie. Ni le Roman d’un
enfant de Loti, ni les Souvenirs d’Enfance et de Jeunesse de Renan, ne peuvent
lui être comparés. C’est quelque chose de très neuf et de très original dans sa
conception.
(Le Mercure de France).

SOUMÉ TCHENG
SOUVENIRS D’ENFANCE ET DE
RÉVOLUTION
Édition française par B. VAN VORST
Un vol. in-16, avec 2 hors-texte 7 fr. 50
Soumé Tcheng est une incarnation charmante de l’âme moderne de la Chine.
L’intérêt particulier de ses souvenirs réside dans sa personnalité. Il est rare, en
effet, de rencontrer chez une femme d’une intelligence très haute, une énergie si
virile et un cœur si profondément humain.
(La Revue Mondiale).

JOHN GALSWORTHY
UN SAINT
Roman traduit de l’anglais par L.-P. ALAUX
Un vol. in-16 9 fr.
Ce livre a des parties admirables, des scènes d’une vérité psychologique dont
je ne crains pas de dire qu’elle n’a jamais été dépassée, ni peut-être même
atteinte, dans le roman anglais… Aucun des romanciers actuels n’a la hardiesse,
la vigueur à la fois cruelle et pitoyable de Galsworthy
la vigueur à la fois cruelle et pitoyable de Galsworthy.
André Bellessort.

Collection “Petite Anthologie”

Derniers volumes parus :

LES UPANISHADS
Morceaux choisis par P. SALET
Un vol. petit in-16 broché 4 fr.
Relié satinette 7 fr.
« Il n’y a pas d’étude aussi propre à élever l’esprit que celle des Upanishads.
Elle a été le réconfort de ma vie ; elle sera la consolation de ma mort. »
Schopenhauer.

LE LIVRE D’AMITIÉ
ANTHOLOGIE DE PENSÉES SUR L’AMITIÉ
RECUEILLIES ET PRÉCÉDÉES D’UN AVANT-PROPOS
PAR
MICHEL SERLANDES
Un vol. petit in-16 broché 3 fr.
Le Livre d’amitié unit à la variété d’une anthologie tous les avantages d’un
traité suivi, qui étudie ce sentiment délicat qu’est l’amitié dans ses variations les
plus fines, le pénètre dans ses recoins les plus cachés. Il sera pour tout ami un
conseiller sûr, un guide inséparable qui lui permettra de lire dans son cœur.

WOODROW WILSON
ÊTRE HUMAIN
SUIVI DE
QUAND UN HOMME SE TROUVE LUI-MÊME
Traduit par P. CHAVANNES
Un vol. petit in-16 broché 3 fr.
Un précieux guide de la vie moderne.
Un précieux guide de la vie moderne.
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