T-Shape

In chemistry, T-shaped molecular geometry describes the structures of some molecules where a
central atom has three ligands. Ordinarily, three-coordinated compounds adopt trigonal planar or
pyramidal geometries. Examples of T-shaped molecules are the halogen trifluorides, such as
ClF3. Some examples also include FO3, and BrO3. According to VSEPR theory, T-shaped
geometry results when three bonded pairs and two lone pairs of electrons are bonded or
connected to the central atom, and is written in AXE notation as AX3E2. The T-shaped
geometry is related to the trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry for AX5. Molecules with
three binding pairs and two lone pairs are arranged in a T-shape. The geometry that minimizes
the repulsions is the one that arranges the lone pairs in equatorial. Considering the lone pairs, the
geometry is a trigonal dipyramid and removing the lone pairs gives us the T shape. T-shape is a
molecular geometry that results when there are 3 bonds and 2 lone pairs around the central atom
in the molecule. The atoms bonded to the central atom lie at the ends of a T with 90° angles
between them. The two sides of the T-Shaped geometry is measured at 180°> The three atoms
bond at 90° angles on one side of the central atom, producing the T shape.

EXAMPLES
Chlorine trifluoride (ClF3)
USAGE:
-The compound chlorine trifluoride (ClF3) is primarily used as a fluorinating agent in organic
synthesis and as a rocket propellant due to its powerful oxidizing properties. It's also used in
the semiconductor industry for cleaning and etching silicon surfaces. However, it's important
to note that ClF3 is highly reactive, toxic, and corrosive, so its usage requires careful
handling a-nd strict safety measures.
VALENCE ELECTRON:
7 + 7 (3) = 28 e-
FORMAL CHARGE:
FCCl = 7 – 3 – 4 = 0
FCF = 7 – 1 – 6 = 0(3)
OFC = 0
LEWIS STRUCTURE:
Fluorate (FO3-)
USAGE:
The hypothetical compound "fluorate" (FO3-) doesn't have practical applications as it's not a
stable or known species. Fluorine typically forms stable compounds such as fluorides (F^-)
rather than fluorate.
VALENCE ELECTRON:
7 + 6 (3) + 1 = 26e-
FORMAL CHARGE:
FCF = 7 – 3 – 4 = 0
FCO = 7 – 1 – 6 = 0(3)
OFC = 0
LEWIS STRUCTURE:

Bromate (BrO3-)
USAGE:
Bromate (BrO3-) is used in various industrial processes, including water treatment, where it's
employed as a disinfectant and an oxidizing agent. It's also used in the baking industry as a
flour improver and in chemical synthesis for the production of other bromine compounds.
VALENCE ELECTRON:
7 + 6 (3) + 1 = 26e-
FORMAL CHARGE:
FCBr = 7 – 3 – 4 = 0
FCO = 7 – 1 – 6 = 0(3)
OFC = 0
LEWIS STRUCTURE: