SUP’MANAGEMENT

ABIDJAN- COCODY VALLON

ENGLISH LANGUAGE
ADVANCED LEARNERS
Bruce Jordan Boukalou KESSE
04/01/2021

English for Working World, Business Management, Travellers and Executives

 LESSON 1 : GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

IMPROVING YOUR ENGLISH

A lot of people are always asking, "How do I improve my English?" There are many possible answers, but here
are just a few pieces of advice.

Be responsible for your own learning

Sure you have teachers, reading materials, and websites to help you with your English, but who is really
responsible for making sure you learn English well? Nobody but you. Make sure you are the one who is taking
charge of your own learning.

Immerse yourself in English as much as possible

Immerse means to be surrounded by something. If you are immersed in English, it is all around you. Of course
this isn't always possible, but you can do some things to surround yourself in English from time to time.

Listen to the radio in English. If there are no English radio stations where you live, listen to one on the internet.

Watch TV and movies in English. If you have English channels on your TV, watch them. If they have subtitles
(the words written in your language) underneath the picture, see if they can be turned off. Some people even tape
paper across the bottom of the screen so they can't see the words. Most DVD's are great because you can
choose the language you want to hear.

Speak English to your friends. Get a conversation buddy (friend) and speak in English as much as possible. If it
is a person whose native language is the same as your own, you may feel silly speaking in English at first. But
don't worry. Continue to do it and it will become more natural to you. Finding friends whose native language is
English is even better. Ask your friend to correct you when needed.

Study or travel to an English-speaking country. Of course the best way to immerse yourself in the English
language is to live in an all English environment. You'll find yourself surrounded with the language everywhere
you turn. It can be a more difficult and expensive choice, but you may find it to be a very valuable and helpful
experience.

Other ideas. Take an English class, join an English group, find a tutor, read English magazines. Do whatever you
can to immerse yourself in the language.

Monitor yourself

This means to pay attention to how you use English. Think (a little) about how you are going to say something
before it comes out of your mouth. But don't think about all of the problems you have in English at the same time.
Just choose something your know you are having difficulty with and work on using it correctly. For example, if you
know that you have problems remembering to use a, an, and the, spend a few days trying to put them into
sentences as you speak. Don't worry about anything else. Concentrate on that. When you feel that you are
improving, choose something else to work on. Just keep trying and little by little, your English will get better
everyday.
 BRAINSTORMING

DEBATING:
What do you think about the educational system in developing countries
Oral Practice check

Review Level 1

ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS

A) PERSONAL PRONOUNS

SUBJECT OBJECT
I me
You you
He him
She her
It it
We us
You you
They them
Ex: * He gave me a present.
* Don’t tell them sad stories.
* Will he send us a postcard?
* She calls him every week.
B) POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

ENGLISH FRENCH
My mon, ma, mes
Your ton, ta , tes
His son, sa, ses (homme)
Her son, sa, ses (femme)
Its son, sa, ses (animaux, choses)
Our notre, nos
Your votre, vos
their leur, leurs
Ex: Our father is on a journey.
Their child went to London
Their children are intelligent.
Remarque:

1) Lorsque quelque chose appartient à un homme, nous utilisons l’adjectif « His » quelque soit le genre et le
nombre de ce qui lui appartient.
Ex: * His son is seven years old.
- Son fils à sept ans.
* His daughter is civil servant.
- Sa fille est fonctionnaire.
* His friends are American citizens.
 - Ses amis (es) sont des citoyens Américains(es).
2) Lorsque quelque chose appartient à une femme, nous utilisons l’adjectif possessif « Her » quelque soit le
genre et le nombre de ce qui appartient.
Ex: * Her daughter is civil servant.
- Sa fille est fonctionnaire.
* Her son is seven years old.
- Son fils a sept ans.
* Her friends are American citizens.
- Ses amis (es) sont des citoyens (nes) Américains (nes).
NB : En Anglais, l’adjectif possessif s’accorde en genre avec le sujet.

C) POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

ENGLISH FRENCH
Mine La mienne, le mien, les miens, les miennes
Yours Le tien, la tienne, les tiens, les tiennes
His Le sien, la sienne, les siens, les siennes
Hers Le sien, la sienne, les siens, les siennes
Its Le sien, la sienne, les siens, les siennes
Ours Le nôtre, la nôtre, les nôtres
Yours Le vôtre, la vôtre, les vôtres
Theirs Le leur, la leur, les leurs

Ex : * This house his mine

- Cette maison est la mienne.
* Your room is dirty but ours is clean.
- Votre salle est sale mais la nôtre est propre.
* The black computer is theirs
- L’ordinateur noir est le leur.
* Father said that the yellow shirt is yours.
- Papa a dit que la chemise jaune est la tienne

D) REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

ENGLISH FRENCH
Myself m’, me, moi-même
Yourself t’, te, toi-même
Himself s’, se, lui-même
Herself s’, se, elle-même
Itself s’, se, lui-même
Oneself s’, se, soi même
Ourselves nous nous, nous-même
Yourselves vous vous, vous-même
Themselves s’, se, eux-mêmes, elles-mêmes
Ex : I look at myself in a mirror.
He is washing himself.
Jane is talking to herself.
It is important to trust oneself.
 The children are feeding themselves.
We always brush ourselves before sleeping.

E) RECIPROCAL PRONOUNS

ENGLISH FRENCH

Each other or One another s’, se

Ex : * They are telling each other (one another) jokes.

- Ils (elles) se disent des blagues (plaisanteries).
* We laughed at each other (one another).
- On s’est moqué l’un de l’autre (les uns des autres).
* The babies are smiling at each other (one another).
Lesson 2 : Language check

ENGLISH TENSES

Knowing English tenses is very important. It gives us a mathematical basis for making simple or complex
sentences after the choice of the verb. We offer here an illustration with all the tenses used in English to guide

you in building your personal sentences .

A/ - PRESENT SIMPLE
- Father always sleeps late.
- We learn English in Côte d’Ivoire.
Remarque:
1 - L’auxiliaire du “Present Simple” est “TO DO”. Il est expressément omis dans les phrases affirmatives. On peut
l’y ajouter pour exprimer la forme emphatique.
Ex: Father does always sleep late.
We do learn English in Côte d’Ivoire.
2 - Il ne faut jamais oublier le “S” à la fin des verbes à la troisième personne du singulier du « Present Simple »
Ex: He playS football very well.
The lady who cookS for them is on a journey.
B/ -PRESENT CONTINUOUS
(am / is / are +V. ing )
- I am writing a letter to my parents.
- The child is shouting too loudly.
- The women are raising money to start a business.
C/ -PAST SIMPLE
- The students worked hard for their exam.
- They went to the library to make some research.
La remarque 1 du “Present Simple” s’applique aussi au “Past Simple”; seulement ici l’auxiliaire devient “DID”.
D/ -PAST CONTINUOUS
(Was / were + V. ing)
- The president was delivering a speech.
- The students were waiting for their teacher.
E/ -FUTURE SIMPLE
(Will / shall + base form)
- Franck will go to Paris.
- I shall also go to Europe.

Remarque:
- “Will” est assertif; cela signifie que l’utilisation de”Will” nous apprend que la réalisation de l’action est une
évidence selon celui qui parle, toutes les conditions étant réunies pour cela.
 - « Shall par contre est pragmatique ; c'est-à-dire que la réalisation de l’action semble être importante, une
préoccupation, un défi à reléver.
Ex: I shall meet my husband tomorrow.
Ex: We shall succeed in our exam.
F/ -FUTURE CONTINUOUS
(Will / shall + be V. ing)
- Julie will be computerising and Sékansié will be reading the Bible.
G/ -FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
(Will / shall + have + past participle)
- Our cousin shall have phoned us up.
- Peter will have eaten the rice.
H/ -FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
(Will / shall + have + been V. ing)
- The mayor will have been building a new market..
- The reporter shall have been taking photographs.
I/ -NEAR FUTURE
(Be going to +inf.)
- I am going to beat you.
- The police are going to fire at him.
J/ -PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
(Have / has + past participle)
- Kouassi has spoken for one hour.
- His parents have gone to Paris.
K/ -PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
(Have / has + been + V. ing)
- Mary has been caring about the baby for one week.
- Our children have been working hard.
L/ -PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
(Had + past participle)
- Yao had done the work.
M/ -PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
(Had + been +V. ing)
- Yao had been doing the work.

N/ -PRESENT CONDITIONAL SIMPLE

(Would / should + inf.)
- I would go to the stadium.
- They should buy a new guitar.
O/ -PRESENT CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS
(Would / should + be V. ing)
- The Christians should be listening to the pastor.
- They would be learning their lessons.

P/ -PAST (PERFECT) CONDITIONAL SIMPLE

(Would / should + have + past participle)
- The customers would have bought our wares.
- The soldiers should have protected the population.
Q/ -PAST (PERFECT) CONDITIONAL CONTINUOUS
(Would / should + have + been + V. ing)
- The customers would have been buying our wares.
- The soldiers should have been protecting the population.

LES MODAUX

PAST PRESENT FUTURE

could can Will be able to
might may Will be allowed to
would Will (future) will
Had to must Will have to
dared dare Will dare
should Shall (future) shall
Had to Ought to Will have to

Can
May
Will
Could
Might + Base form of verbs
Would
Must
Shall
Should

Ex: - We can say that English will be spoken by everyone.

Yemi must listen carefully.
Lesson 3: Exploring the words
Learning and practicing

CONNECTIVES

SOME USEFUL EXPRESSIONS AND CONNECTIVES TO KNOW

Above all Surtout, par-dessus tout

Actually En réalité, en fait, bel et bien
After all Après tout
An over simplified point of view Un point de vue simpliste
And on top of this Et en plus de cela
And yet Et pourtant
As a conclusion En conclusion
As a matter of fact / in reality En fait, en réalité
As a whole Dans l'ensemble
As far as i am concerned En ce qui me concerne
As for the problem of Quant au problème de
As it were Pour ainsi dire
As the case may be Selon le cas
As we can notice Comme on peut le remarquer
As we can see it Comme on peut le voir
At the present time A l'heure actuelle
Besides En outre, en plus, plus de
By no means Absolument pas
By now A l'heure qu'il est
Comparatively Relativement, par comparaison
Despite the fact that En dépit du fait que
Even though Même si
Eventually / Finally Eventuellement / finallement
First, first of all d'abord, tout d'abord
Fom now on Désormains, dorénavant
For instance, for example Par example
For some reason Pour une certaine raison (que j'ignore)
For the meantime Pour le moment
For the time being Pour le moment / pour l'instant
Fortunately / unfortunately Heureusement / malheureusement
From here on Dorénavant
From my point of view De mon point de vue
Furthermore / moreover En outre
He leaves out an important problem Il néglige un problème important
However / yet Cependant
I am sorry but I don't share your views Je suis désolé, je ne partage pas votre vue
I can't quite agree about that Je ne suis pas tout à fait d'accord sur ce point
I don't feel concerned with Je ne me sens pas concerné, intéressé
I don't share this opinion Je ne partage pas cette opinion
I strongly desagree Je suis tout à fait en désaccord
I wonder whether Je me demande si
In most cases Dans la plupart des cas
In my opinion, I think A mon avis , je pense……………..
In other words Autrement dit
In short Bref
In the author's words Selon les termes de l'auteur
In this respect A cet égard
It cannot be denied that On ne peut pas nier que
It is true that Il est vrai que
It is worth mentioning Cela vaut la peine de parler de
It may be significant that Il peut être significatif que
It might be mentioned that On pourrait remarquer que, dire que
It must be realised that Il faut se rendre compte que
It mustn't be forgotten that Il ne faut pas oublier que
Items of the agenda, questions on the agenda Question à l'ordre du jour
Let me say Laisez-moi dire, permettez-moi de dire
Let's first deal with Commençons par parler de
Meanwhile Pendant ce temps, en attendant
More or less Plus ou moins
Moreover En plus
Nevertheless Néanmoins
Neverthless / even so Pourtant
Notwithstanding Néanmoins / quand même
Now Or
Now and then / from time to time De temps en temps
Now or never Maintenant ou jamais
Now that Maintenant que
Nowadays De nos jours
On the contrary Au contraire
On the one hand / on the other hand D'une part……………….d'autre part
On the world scale A l'échelle mondiale
On top of Sur, en plus de
One of the greatest faults Un des plus grands défauts
People are not aware that Les gens ne savent / ne se rendent pas compte que
Presently Bientôt, plus tard, actuellement, tout à l'heure, à présent
Right now Tout de suite
Roughly speaking Approximativement
Similary, we might say De même, on pourrait dire
So far Jusqu'à maintenant / jusqu'à présent
So it is Il en est ainsi
Some day Un jour ou l'autre
Strange as it may be seen Aussi étrange que cela puisse paraître
Supposing that A supposer que
Taking for granted that Etant donné que
Talking about / incidentally / by the way A propos de / à propos
The agenda of the meeting L'ordre du jour de la réunion
The author questions L'auteur remet en question
The characters Les personnages
The committee Le bureau
The pros and cons Pour et contre
The solution he puts forward is that La solution qu'il propose (qu'il avance) est que
The suggested solution La solution proposée
Theoretically Théoriquement, en principe
There is no doubt that Il ne fait aucun doute que
There is no evidence that Rien ne prouve que
Thereafter Après cela, par la suite
Thereby Ainsi, de cette façon
This brings us to Cela nous amène à
This leads us to think that Cela nous amène à penser que
This leaves noone alone Ceci concerne chacun d'entre nous
This text raises the question of Ce texte soulève la question de
Thus, therefore Ainsi, par conséquent
To begin with Pour commencer
To declare the meeting closed Mettre fin à la réunion
To give a non commital answer Donner une réponse sans s'engager
To impose something on someone Imposer quelque à quelqu'un
To my mind it is necessary A mon avis il est nécessaire
To proceed with the business of the day Passer à l'ordre du jour
To put it in a nutshell En résumé, résumé brièvement
To some extend Jusqu'à un certain point
To speak the truth A dire vrai
To stress something to someone Souligner quelque chose à quelqu'un
To what extend Dans quelle mesure
Today Actuellement, aujourd'hui
Up to a point Dans une certaine mesure
Up to now Jusqu'à maintenant
Up to now A ce jour
We could point out that Nous pouvons faire remarquer que
What so often happens Ce qui arrive si souvent
When comparing Quand on compare
 Lesson 4 Exploring the Words
Learning and practicing
1. proactive
causing something to happen rather than waiting to respond
Task Management - providing direction and guidance to ensure projects are completed to requirements
and meet quality assurance crite
2. deliverable
something that can be provided as the product of development
3. facilitator
someone who makes progress easier
4. interpersonal
occurring among or involving several people
5. timeline
a sequence of events arranged in chronological order
6. methodology
the techniques followed in a particular discipline
Establish budget for projects and project phases

7. presenter
someone who presents a message of some sort
8. aptitude
inherent ability
9. project
a planned undertaking
10. communicator
a person who communicates with others
11. management
the act of controlling something
12. accountability
responsibility to someone or for some activity
13. proven
established beyond doubt
14. budget for
calculate enough money for; provide for in the budget
15. acumen
shrewdness shown by keen insight
16. ongoing
currently happening
17. analytical
using or skilled in using reasoning
18. demonstrate
give an exhibition of to an interested audience
19. leadership
the status of being in charge
20. demonstrated
having been demonstrated or verified beyond doubt
21. skill
an ability that has been acquired by training
22. criterion
the ideal in terms of which something can be judged
23. oral
using speech rather than writing
24. resource
 aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed
25. software
written programs operating on a computer system
26. assignment
an undertaking that you have been told to perform
27. excellent
very good; of the highest quality
28. budget
a summary of intended expenditures
29. ensure
make certain of
30. sized
having a specified size
31. analyst
someone who is skilled at interpreting data
32. qualification
the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea
33. designer
someone who creates plans to be used in making something
34. integrity
an undivided or unbroken completeness with nothing wanting
35. progressive
favoring or promoting modern or innovative ideas
36. impact
the striking of one body against another
37. delivery
voluntary transfer of something from one party to another
38. requirement
necessary activity
39. guidance
the act of showing the way
40. experience
the content of observation or participation in an event
41. accomplishment
the action of achieving something
42. analysis
abstract separation of a whole into its constituent parts
43. client
someone who pays for goods or services
44. environment
the totality of surrounding conditions
45. attribute
a quality belonging to or characteristic of an entity
46. phase
any distinct time period in a sequence of events
47. focus
the concentration of attention or energy on something
48. complex
complicated in structure
49. relationship
a mutual connection between people

50. assurance
a binding commitment to do or give or refrain from something
51. deliver
 bring to a destination
52. manage
be in charge of, act on, or dispose of
53. negotiation
a discussion intended to produce an agreement
54. application
the action of putting something into operation
55. completed
successfully completed or brought to an end
56. balance
harmonious arrangement or relation of parts within a whole
57. medium
the surrounding environment
58. enterprise
a purposeful or industrious undertaking
59. responsibility
the social force that binds you to a course of action
60. manager
someone who controls resources and expenditures
61. prove
establish the validity of something
62. ability
the quality of having the means or skills to do something
63. provide
give something useful or necessary to
64. based
having a base
65. successful
having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome
 LESSON 5 : COMPANY AND WORKING WORLD
Oral practice and debating
Topic: Trade unions in working world.
Describing: Executives and their Assistants

2
1 3
2

4 5 6
5
2
3 3
2 2
2

2 2

7 8 9
5 5
5 3 3
3 2 2
2

2 2
2

10 11 12
5 5 5
3 3 3
2 2 2

2 2 2

13 14 15
5
5 5
3
3 3
2
2 2

2
2 2
 LESSON 6 : PHRASAL VERBS
Master mind
Advanced learners
Language in use

Idioms or idiomatic expressions are ways of expressing ideas that over time become accepted as standard usage
in language even though they are often not readily understandable from their grammatical construction or from
the meaning of their parts. Many idioms are created by adding a preposition to a basic verb, which forms a verb
phrase known as a phrasal verb that is different from the meaning of the verb alone. For example, the verb "to
drop" means “to let something fall.” In contrast, as a phrasal verb "drop in" means “to visit someone without
having received an invitation,” whereas "drop out" means “to stop doing what one usually does.”

You will find that many phrasal verbs have more than one meaning. For example, "turn in"means “to give
something to someone,” as in "I turned in my test paper to the instructor."
However, it can also mean “to go to sleep,” as in "Because it was late, I decided to turn in for the night."
Sometimes a difference in syntax or word order of a phrasal verb can also result in different idiomatic meanings.
Because idiomatic usage is quite irregular, it can be learned more efficiently by memorization and frequent
practice than by learning rules. The following list of phrasal verbs will help you master a variety of idiomatic
combinations. Each section presents a basic verb with several idioms that have been derived by choosing the
right prepositions to form phrasal verbs.

A NON EXHAUSTIVE LIST OF COMMON PHRASAL VERBS

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

Idioms Using « Act »
1 act up
A
I think I need to take my car to the mechanic
behave or function improperly
because it's acting up again.

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

A
Idioms Using « Add»
1 add * up+ calculate a sum I added up the receipts and it totaled $135.46
2 add up to + equal an amount The total expenses added up to $325.00.

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

A
Idioms Using « Ask»
1 I can't believe that Joe finally asked me out on a
ask * out+ invite on a date
date!
2 ask * over + invite to one's home Why don't we ask the Johnsons over for dinner?

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

Idioms Using « Back»
1 back down
2 back out
3 back out of+
B
stop defending your opinion Jane never backs down. She always wins
in a debate arguments.
not keep (a promise, agreement
Sam backed out at the last second.
,deal)
not keep (a promise, Sam backed out of the agreement at
 agreement, deal) the last second.
You need examples to back up your
4 back * up + give support
opinion.
Could you back up a little so I can
5 back up move backwards, reverse
open this drawer.

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Bawl»
1 bawl * out criticize, reprimand (inf.) She bawled him out for arriving late.

PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Bear»
The soldier had to bear down on the leather strap
1 bear down on + bite while the doctor removed a bullet from the soldier's
arm
2 bear down on + take strong measures against The U.S.A. is bearing down on drug traffickers
3 bear on + have to do with This information may bear on this case
I didn't think he would bear up so well in that
4 bear up withstand
situation
5 bear up under+ withstand How did he bear up under such extreme pressure
6 bear with + be patient Please bear with me while I fill out the paperwork.

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Blow»
My cousin blew in unexpectedly with his entire
1 blow in visit unexpectedly (inf.)
family.
pass without creating a All this negative publicity will blow over in a couple
2 blow over
problem of weeks.
make explode;destroy using
3 blow * up + The terrorists blew the bridge up.
explosives
4 blow up explode The bomb blew up before they could defuse it
When Joan heard the news, she blew up and
5 blow up suddenly become very angry
rushed out of the room.
PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
B
Idioms Using « Break»
We need to break this problem down in order to
1 break * down+ analyze in detail
solve.
2 break down stop working properly The truck broke down in the desert
3 break down become mentally ill She broke down after her husband died
was lucky to break even at the casino last
4 Break even neither gain nor lose
weekend
wear or use something new
5 break * in + I need to break these shoes in before I go hiking
until it is comfortable
While we were discussing the situation, Terri broke
6 break in break in interrupt
in to give her opinion
The cowboy worked long and hard to break in the
7 break in initiate, train
new horse
8 break in enter a place unlawfully The burglar broke in between midnight and 3 AM
9 break in on + interrupt (a conversation) Jane broke in on the conversation and told us to
 get back to work.
The burglar broke into the house between midnight
10 break into + enter a house unlawfully
and 3 AM
Jane broke into the conversation and told us what
11 break into + interrupt (a conversation)
she knew
12 break * off + end something Sally broke her engagement to John off
Violent protests broke out in response to the
13 break out appear violently
military coup.
use something extravagant for He broke out the champagne to celebrate his
14 break out +
celebration promotion.
15 break out of + escape The murderer broke out of the prison
I broke the cracker up into pieces and put it in the
16 break * up + break into pieces
soup
The police broke the demonstration up before it got
17 break * up + disperse (a crowd), stop (a fight)
out of control
Sam and Diane broke up again. What a rocky
18 break up end a relationship
relationship

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Bring»
Democracy brought about great change in the
1 bring * about+ cause to happen
lives of the people.
When we go to the forest, bring your wildlife guide
2 bring * along + bring with
along.
change someone's mind, She doesn't want to go, but we'll eventually bring
3 bring * around
convince someone her around
My trip across the Sahara was difficult, but I
4 bring * away learn or gain (from an experience) brought a new appreciation for life away from the
experience
succeed at something difficult or You robbed the bank! I can't believe you brought
5 bring * off +
unexpected that off
I can't believe she got so angry.What brought that
6 bring * on + cause something
on?
7 bring * out + highlight, stress Your new shirt brings out the color of your eyes
When you visit me, why don't you bring over your
8 bring * over+ bring to someone's house
son
We used smelling salts to bring her to after she
9 bring * to revive consciousness
fainted
I didn't want to bring up the fact that she was
10 bring * up + mention
unemployed
11 bring * up + raise ( a child) Sam was brought up in South Carolina

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Brush»
1 ignore something or someone
brush * off + Mary brushed her ex-boyfriend off at the party
(inf.)
N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
B
Idioms Using « Burn»
The children burned the house down while playing
1 burn * down + destroy by setting fire to
with matches
burn until completely gone
2 burn down Two buildings burnt down in the fire
(building)
3 burn up be hot I am burning up in here - open the window
4 burn up consume by fire The papers were burned up in the fire
5 burn * up + destroy by fire He burnt up the files

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

B
Idioms Using « Buy»
buy the shares of a company or
Pacific Inc. was bought out by a
1 buy * out+ the shares the other person owns
company from Oregon
of a business
purchase the entire supply of
2 buy * up + We bought up all the soft drink in the store
something
 LESSON 7 : PHRASAL VERBS
Master mind
Advanced learners
Language in use

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Call»
1 call for + require (as in a recipe) This recipe calls for milk, not water
2 call * off + cancel something They called the picnic off because of the rain.
order to stop (an invasion, He called off the dogs when he saw it was his
3 call * off +
guard dogs) neighbor
4 call on + visit Mark called on Naomi while he was in town
invite someone to speak in a Professor Tanzer called on Tim to answer the
5 call on +
meeting or a classroom question
I called Sam up to see if he wanted to go to the
6 call * up + telephone
movies

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Calm»
1 calm * down + make someone relax You can calm the baby down by rocking her gently
N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
C
Idioms Using « Care»
1 care for + nurse someone or something He cared for the bird until its wing healed
2 care for + like someone or something I don't care for sour cream on my potato

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Carry»
1 carry on + continue (a conversation, a game) Please, carry on. I didn'tmean to interrupt you
He kept carrying on about how much money he
2 carry on about + continue in an annoying way
makes
I want you to carry on with the project while I am
3 carry on with + continue
out of town
complete and/or accomplish The secret agent carried out his orders exactly as
4 carry * out +
something planned
continue on a subsequent day,
5 carry * over + The meeting carried over into lunch time
page, etc

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Catch»
1 catch on slowly start to understand (inf.) He caught on after a fewminutes
I will never catch up. I am too
2 catch up make up for lost time
behind in my work
speed up to be at the same place
3 catch up with + I had to run to catch up with the others
as a person or thing in front of you
I need to catch up on world events. . I haven't seen
4 catch up on + become up-to-date
the news in ages
N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
C
Idioms Using « Check»
We will check back tomorrow to make sure the
1 check back return to see if everything is OK
project is finished
go to a place to see if everything is We need to check by the office to see if the
2 check by +
OK documents are ready
They checked for termites before they bought the
3 check for + try to find
house
4 check in enter a hospital, hotel etc They need to check in before noon
5 check into + enter a hospital, hotel etc They checked into the hotel at 11:00 AM
investigate, look for (often through
6 check into + We are checking into discount flights to London
a service)
make a mark next to (an item on a
7 check * off + Check each name off the list
list)
Let's check on the baby again before we go to
8 check on + make sure something is OK
sleep
He checked out the new restaurant down the
9 check * out+ investigate, take a look at
street
10 check out leave a hotel, hospital It's already eleven. We need to check out
11 check out of + leave a hotel, hospital We checked out of the hotel before ten
closely examine the condition of He checked over the old car to see if it was worth
12 check * over +
something buying
13 check up on + investigate someone or something The police are checking up on the bomb threats
send luggage through (to a
14 check * through Your luggage will be checked through to Paris
destination)
15 check with + ask a person for confirmation He needs to check with his parents before he goes

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « C»
1 cheer * up make someone feel cheerful The party really cheered me up
2 cheer up become cheerful Cheer up. Everything will be all right

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Chew»
1 chew * up + chew into small pieces The dog chewed up my shoe

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Chop»
1 chop * down + fell/cut ( a tree) The lumberjack chopped the tree down
2 chop * up + chop/cut into small bits He chopped themeat up into little pieces

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Clean»
1 clean * up + tidy Susan cleaned the kitchen up before she left
N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
C
Idioms Using « Clear»
1 clear out leave ( inf.) Everybody clear out!We're closed

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Close»
The corner market closed down because they
1 close * down + close a place permanently
didn't have many customers
The bar was closed down because they served
2 close down close permanently
alcohol to minors
The rebels were closing in on the capital, so the
3 close in on + approach and threaten
government called in the army
4 close * up + close temporarily They are closing the ski resort up for the summer
5 close up close temporarily The ski resort is closing up for the summer

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Come»
1 come about occur / happen How did you idea for the book come about
They came across some lost Mayan ruins in the
2 come across+ discover by accident
jungle
initially seem or have the
3 come across+ He comes across as rather rude, but he isn't
appearance
4 come along accompany someone If you want, you can come along
5 come along with + accompany Sam came along with us to the beach
6 come along progress How's the research paper coming along
7 come along with + progress How are you coming along with the research paper
leave a place with a particular I came away from the meeting feeling like the
8 come away
feeling or impression presentation was a success
9 come back return What time are you coming back?
10 come by + get, receive How did you come by that newMercedes?
11 come by visit a person at their house I'll come by later this afternoon
12 come down with + become sick with He came down with the flu
He came into a large sum of money when his aunt
13 come into + inherit
died
The handle came off the suitcase when I picked it
14 come off+ fall off, break off
up
15 come out appear I didn't see the car at first. It came out of nowhere
16 come out reveal you are homosexual Sam finally came out last month
17 come out turn out, end up The pictures came out great
Microsoft is coming out with a new video game
18 come out with + produce and distribute a product
system next month
19 come over visit someone at their house Why don't you come over after work for dinner
Don't worry! She faints all the time. She always
20 come to regain consciousness
comes to after a few minutes
21 come through do what is needed or expected Terry really came through for us in the end
22 come up to + approach; to equal The job offer didn't come up to her expectations
She came up with a great proposal for the new
23 come up with + produce or create (an idea, a plan)
advertising campaign
24 come with + include (an accessory) The computer system doesn't come with a printer
N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE
C
Idioms Using « Count»
1 count * in + include Did you count expenses in?
2 count on + depend/rely on You can really count on Sarah
3 count * out + exclude You can count James out. He hates playing poker
4 count * up + add Count the change up and see how much we have

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Cross»
draw a line through something,
1 cross * out + Why did you cross my name out on the list?
eliminate

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

C
Idioms Using « Cut»
1 cut down decrease the amount of You eat too much fat. You need to cut down
2 cut down on + decrease the amount of You need to cut down on your fat intake
3 cut in interrupt She suddenly cut in and delivered the news
She cut in on the conversation and delivered the
4 cut in on + interrupt
news
interrupt someone while they were She cut him off before he said something he would
5 cut * off
speaking regret later
His finger was accidentally cut off in an industrial
6 cut * off + sever ( with a knife)
accident
7 cut * out + remove He cut the bone out of the steak
8 cut * out stop an action Cut it out! You're bothering me
9 cut * up + Cut into small pieces He cut the beef up and put the pieces in the soup
 LESSON 8 : PHRASAL VERBS
Master mind
Advanced learners
Language in use

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Die»
1 die away diminish in intensity The applause died away after 5 minutes
The controversy about the president's affair finally
2 die down diminish in intensity
died down
3 die off/out become extinct Whales are in danger of dying off

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Disagree»
cause to feel sick due to food or
1 disagree with + Spicy food disagrees with me
drink

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Do»
Some Americans want to do away with the death
1 do away with+ abolish
penalty
You made many mistakes, so I want you to do the
2 do * over+ repeat
report over
manage without something one
3 do without+ I couldn't do without a car in California
wants or needs

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Draw»
Let's draw an agreement up before we go any
1 draw * up + create ( a contract)
further with this project

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Dress»
The mother dressed her son down for skipping
1 dress * down reprimand severely
school
I am dressing down because we're going to a
2 dress down dress casually
barbecue by the beach
You could dress this house up with some bright
3 dress * up + decorate
colors
4 dress up wear elegant clothes She always dresses up at work

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Drive»
1 drive * back + repulse The invaders were driven back by the army

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

D
Idioms Using « Drop»
1 drop in visit someone unexpectedly Meg dropped in yesterday after dinner
Let's drop in on Julie since we're driving by her
2 drop in on + visit someone unexpectedly
house
3 drop out quit an organized activity Yuri isn't on the team any more. He dropped out
It's difficult to get a good job if you drop out of high
4 drop out of+ quit an organized activity (school)
school
5 drop over visit someone casually Drop over any time you feel like talking

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

E
Idioms Using « Eat»
1 eat away gradually destroy, erode The heavy rains ate away at the sandstone cliffs
2 eat * up + devour Ken ate the cookies up
3 eat in eat inside the home We usually eat in instead of going out for dinner
4 eat out eat outside the home They eat out once a week

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Face»
acknowledge something difficult or I'll never be able to face up to my colleagues after
1 face up to +
embarrassing getting so drunk last night at the work party

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Fall»
be able to use in case of
1 fall back on +
emergency
2 fall behind go slower than scheduled, lag
3 fall behind in + go slower than scheduled, lag
4 fall off decrease
5 fall out with + have an argument with
6 fall through fail to happen
Yuki can fall back on her degree in biology if she
doesn't succeed in her acting career
Hurry up or you will fall behind!
Cheryl has missed several days of school and now
she is falling behind in her homework
Interest in the project fell off when they realized it
wouldn't be profitable
I had a falling out with my sister last month and we
haven't talked to each other since
Unfortunately, my trip to Indonesia fell through
because I couldn't save enough money

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Feel»
She sued her boss for sexual harassment after he
1 feel * up + grope
felt her up
I don't feel up to going out tonight because I had a
2 feel up to + have the energy to do something
long day at work

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Figure»
Where do you figure on living when you move to
1 figure on + expect
the U.S.A.?
I finally figured the joke out. Now I understand why
2 figure * out+ solve something, understand
everybody was laughing
3 figure * up + calculate I need to figure my expenses up before I give you
 an estimate

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Fill»
Don't forget to fill in all the blanks on the
1 fill * in + complete
application
2 fill in substitute Who is going to fill in while you're gone?
Miguel filled in for me at the meeting yesterday
3 fill in for + substitute for
because I was sick
I filled out an application to rent the apartment last
4 fill * out + complete (an application)
week
Now that you're filling out honey, we need to get
5 fill out mature, get breasts
you a bra
6 fill * up + fill to the top Fill the car up with unleaded gas, please

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Find»
1 find out + discover You will never find out all my secrets!
Vicky's parents are going to be so mad when they
2 find out discover
find out she got a tattoo

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

F
Idioms Using « Fix»
1 fix * up + repair, renovate, remodel My neighbors are fixing their house up
 LESSON 9 : PHRASAL VERBS
Master mind
Advanced learners
Language in use

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

G
Idioms Using « Get»
It's difficult to get humor across in another
1 get * across+ cause to be understood
language
2 get ahead make progress I can't get ahead even though I work two jobs
You need to work overtime in order to get ahead of
3 get ahead of + surpass
schedule
4 get along have a good relationship Do you and your sister get along?
5 get along with + have a good relationship Giovanna doesn't get along with her two brothers
Some people get around paying taxes by hiring a
6 get around + avoid someone or something
good accountant
It's easy to get around town with public
7 get around go many places
transportation
8 get away escape The bank robbers got away
do something against the rules or
9 get away with + illegal and not get caught or My sister gets away with everything !
punished
survive without having the things I lost my job, so I am having a hard time getting by
10 get by
you need or want this year
It's nearly impossible to get by on making
11 get by on + survive with minimal resources
minimum wage
manage with You don't need a
12 get by with + You can get by with the typewriter
computer
13 get down to + get serious about a topic Enough small talk. Let's get down to business
14 get in + enter ( a car, a small boat) Get in the front seat. You will have more leg room
15 get in Enter Get in. I will give you a ride to school
I finally got my sister's birthday present off
16 get * off + send (a package)
yesterday
17 get * off remove ( a spider from your shirt) Can you get this spider off my shirt ?
18 get off+ leave (a bus, plane, train, boat) We need to get off the bus at the next stop
19 get off Leave It's dangerous to sit on the roof. Get off!
idiomatic phrase How does
20 get off Where does he get off saying that?!
he justify saying that?!
You should get your jacket on because it's going to
21 get * on put on (clothes)
be cold
enter (a bus, train), mount (a
22 get on The train is leaving. Quick, get on!
horse, a bike)
enter (a bus, train), mount (a
23 get on + get on + Get on my bike and I will give you a ride home
horse, a bike)
24 get on Have a good relationship Natasha doesn't get on with her co-workers
25 get on with + Have a good relationship Do you get on with your neighbors?
Now that the police have left, let's get on with the
26 get on with + continue an activity
party!
exit (a small boat, car, an I fell into the water when I tried to get out of the
27 get out of +
enclosed area) canoe
 recover (a cold, a disease, an ex- Jennifer still hasn't gotten over her breakup with
28 get over +
boyfriend/ex-girlfriend) Peter
We will never get through all of these boxes by
29 get through + complete
9:00 PM
30 get through + penetrate We need a stronger drill to get through this wall
31 get through penetrate The door was jammed, so we couldn't get through
32 get through (with)+ finish Have you gotten through with your homework yet?
It's hard to get through to Janet because her
33 get through to + make contact
telephone line is always busy
cause someone to rise (from a Ahmed got Abdul up at 5:30 in the morning by
34 get * up
sitting position or a lying position) turning the music up really loud
35 get up rise (from sitting position or a bed) What time did you get up this morning?

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

G
Idioms Using « Give»
give something without asking for
1 give * away + Why did Nancy give all of her furniture away?
anything in exchange
We are having a surprise party for Susan next
2 give * away + betray (a secret) Saturday, so don't give our surprise away by
acting suspicious
When are you going to give that book back to your
3 give * back + return something you borrowed
teacher?
4 give in stop trying Never give in! You can do it!
5 give off + release (a smell, light) That white flower gives off a beautiful smell
I earn extra money by giving out brochures on the
6 give * out+ distribute
street
I hope this car doesn't give out in the middle of the
7 give out become very tired (inf.)
desert
8 give * up + surrender something The police told the thief to give his gun up
9 give up surrender Never give up learning English!

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

G
Idioms Using « Go»
1 go away leave I yelled at the dogs to make them go away
2 go back return When are you going back to your house?
3 go by + go past, go close to, visit quickly We go by the coffee shop everyday
Don't trust him. He always goes back on his
4 go back on + not keep (one's word, a promise)
promises
5 go down decrease The cost of flight tickets is going down
Our team is going for the gold medal in the
6 go for + try to achieve
Olympics
I am craving pepperoni pizza.. I could go for
7 go for idiomatic phrase
pepperoni pizza
Are you going to go in for soccer this year at
8 go in for + participate ( inf.)
school?
9 go into + discuss in detail I really don't want to go into that now
10 go off explode The bomb could go off at any moment
begin, start (used with signals,
11 go off The alarm clock went off at 6:00 AM
alarms, warning sounds)
The DVD player goes off automatically if you are
12 go off stop (said of a machine)
not using it
13 go off become angry Maria went off last night after I told her about
 losing her bike
14 go on continue Please, go on. Don't let me interrupt you
This place is a mess! What went on here last
15 go on happen
night?
I think we should go on with the meeting and stop
16 go on with + continue ( a plan, a conversation)
wasting time
17 go out stop burning ( a fire) The fire went out after three days
take part in social activities
18 go out They love to go out every Saturday night
(usually at night)
19 go over + review Do you usually go over your notes before class?
20 go over be well received, succeed That didn't go over well
I need to have my lawyer go through this contract
21 go through + examine in detail, study carefully
before I sign it
endure; experience challenges,
22 go through + She has gone through so much in her life
difficulties or traumas
continue or proceed despite
23 go through with + I have decided to go through with the operation
difficulties or fears
24 go with + match (clothing) That shirt doesn't go with those pants
25 go with + accompany a person I am going with Alejandro to theparty
26 go with + have a boyfriend/girlfriend I am going with Yuri
abstain from something you want
27 go without + A person can go without water for three days
or need

N° PHRASAL VERB DEFINITION EXAMPLE

G
Idioms Using « Give»
The restaurant went under after it lost its liquor
1 grow under go out of business
license
Your brother needs to grow up and start thinking
2 grow up Mature
about his future
 LESSON 10 : EXTRA GENERAL SPECIALIZED VOCABULARY

Recruitment : (Le recrutement)

 a job = un emploi
 a job interview = un entretien d’embauche
 an application form = dossier de candidature
 an interview = un entretien
 to be interviewed = passer un entretien
 to take on / to hire = embaucher quelqu’un
 to look for a job = chercher un travail
 to apply for a job = postuler à un emploi
 an applicant = un candidat, un demandeur
 a job applicant = un candidat à l’embauche
 to post a job = publier une offre d’emploi
 job center = l’agence pour l’emploi
 job offer / job vacancy / job opening / job opportunity / job advertisement = offre
d’emploi
 to fill a position / to fill a vacancy = pourvoir un poste
 to land a job = obtenir un emploi
 application for a job = candidature à un poste
 having a permanent job = avoir un poste permanent
 job description = descriptif d’un poste
 a shortlist = liste des candidats présélectionnés
 to shortlist = présélectionner
 to be on the shortlist = être sur la liste des candidats
 to appoint somebody to a position = nommer quelqu’un à un poste
 recruitment = recrutement
 a recruitment agency = un cabinet de recrutement
 a job site = un site de recrutement
 hiring campaign = campagne de recrutement
 human resources = ressources humaines

Quality qualification and diplomas : (Les qualités, qualification et

diplômes)
The qualities of a worker

 adaptable = adaptable
 capable = capable
 proficient = compétent
 confident / trusting = confiant
 conscientious = conscientieux
 honest = sincère, honnête
 ambitious = ambitieux
 enthousiastic = enthousiaste
 self-sufficient / independant = autonome
 creative = créatif
 efficient = efficace
 reliable = fiable, en qui on peut avoir confiance
 motivated = motivé
 hard-working = travailleur
 punctual / timekeeper = ponctuel
 under pressure = sous pression
 listening = à l’écoute
 to show attention to detail = être attentif aux détails
 language skills = connaissances linguistiques
 bilingual = bilingue
 fluent in English = anglais parlé couramment
 mother tongue / native language = langue maternelle
 time management = gestion du temps
 teamwork = travail d’équipe

Qualifications and diplomas : (Les qualifications et diplômes)

The French diplomas are different from English and American ones. There is then no Precise
translation but just equivalence that you must explain in your Curriculum Vitae (Resume)

Les diplômes français sont différents des diplômes anglais et américains. Il n’y a donc pas
de traduction exacte, mais des équivalences que vous devez expliquer dans votre CV.

Baccalauréat général: (French secondary school diploma/ high-school degree)

(UK) – A Levels
(US) – High-School Diploma/Degree

Baccalauréat technologique ou bac professionnel:

(UK) – BTEC National
(UK) – GNVQ Advanced
(US) – Pas d’équivalent

Matières dominantes: major

Mention bien/très bien: with honors

BTS: (two-year technical degree in …)

(UK) – BTEC HND (Higher National Diploma)
(US) – 12th Grade

DEUG (two-year university degree in…)

DEUST (two-year university program leading to a degree in biology, computer
programming,…)/
DUT (two-year university degree in technology) :
(UK) – Diploma of Higher Education
(US) – Associate’s Degree

Classes préparatoires: undergraduate courses to prepare nationwide competitive exams in

liberal arts, economics or sciences

Ecoles supérieurs de commerce: business schools

 Ecoles d’ingénieurs: engineering schools

Licence: (three-year university degree in history, economics, political science, …)

Licence dans un domaine littéraire: BA Degree (Bachelor of Arts) in… / Bachelor of Arts
(B.A.) in…
Licence dans un domaine scientifique: BSC Degree (Bachelor of Science) in… / Bachelor of
Science (B.S.) in…

Master 1/ Maîtrise:
(UK) – MA (Master of Arts) / MSC (Master of Science)
(US) – Master’s degree

Master 2 / DEA: one-year degree before postgraduate studies

(UK and US)
Master dans un domaine littéraire: MA (Master of Arts) in…
Master dans un domaine scientifique: MSC (Master of Science) in…
Master dans les affaires: MBA (Master of Business Administration)

Doctorat:
(UK and US) – Phd (Doctor of Philosophy)

Mémoire de fin d’études:

(UK) – dissertation
(US) – memoir

Salary, wage : (Le salaire)

 a salary = salaire (mensuel ou annuel)

 wages = salaire journalier ou hebdomadaire
 a pay slip = un bulletin de salaire
 attractive salary = salaire motivant
 basic salary / basic wage = salaire de base
 starvation wage = salaire de misère
 guaranteed minimum wage = équivalent du SMIC
 gross salary = salaire brut
 net salary = salaire net
 wage difference = écart de salaire
 wage costs = charges
 pay rise = hausse de salaire
 flat rate of pay = salaire fixe
 to be badly paid = être mal payé
 to be well paid = être bien payé
 to be paid by the hour = être payé à l’heure
 to be paid monthly = être payé au mois
 a bonus = une prime
 benefits in kind = avantages en nature
 a seniority bonus = prime d’ancienneté
 danger money = prime de risque
 holiday premium = prime de vacances
 severance pay = prime de départ
 redeployment compensation = prime de reconversion
 Christmas bonus = prime de Noël
 overtime = heures suppémentaires
 to pay on an overtime basis = payer en heures supplémentaires
 to do overtime / to work overtime = faire des heures supplémentaires
 paid holiday / paid leave / paid vacation = congés payés

Working period (Le temps de travail)

 hours of duty = heures de service / heures de travail

 hours of attendance = heures de présence
 office hours = heures de bureau
 hours of work = durée du temps de travail
 flexible working hours = flexibilité du temps de travail
 flexitime = horaires flexibles / à la carte
 to work flexitime = travailler en horaires aménagés
 full time = à temps plein
 part time = à temps partiel
 half time = à mi-temps
 a temporary employee = un intérimaire
 public holiday / statutory holiday = jour férié
 a break = une pause
 lunch break = pause déjeuner
 coffee break = pause café
 to take a day off work = prendre un jour de congé / un jour de repos