TIME MANAGEMENT TOWARDS STUDENT’S

LEARNING AMONG GRADE 12 HUMSS STUDENTS

ANGELO TALIÑO BALDEO

ASHLEY SANDOC AN

JOREN-XONIC ALON AMIL

KATRINA ANNE MEJILLA FERRERCO

LAWRENCE BORJA SARSABA

LUIS MANUEL CUSTODIO FERNANDEZ

RYLE CHRISTOPHER CANOY LUMATAO

 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

In school, student’s academic performance is characterized by motivation and

interest in their academic pursuit. Time management is crucial as it is the key to

success not only to have a better academic performance but in life in general as well,

it is essential to help prepare students in the real world.

However students tend to procrastinate which leaves their school works to pile

up because they don’t have an effective time management of their own especially

nowadays, where schools often do self learning at home which increases the factors

of students to procrastinate due to laziness, lack of motivation, and pile of

unorganised school works.

Procrastination is an act of delaying the completion of a task or missing

deadlines, especially when doing so could have negative consequences and cause

discomfort for the person (Johnson and Bloom 2022). Students tend to procrastinate

due to laziness, lack of interest and motivation (Kljajic 2022). Students procrastinate

and do their school works the night before submission. Which leads them thinking

that they don’t need to learn what their school works contains and what only matters

is that they submit their school works in time. Procrastinating can also lead to stress,

anxiety, panic and tiredness. Which leads to poor academic performance of students

(Ferrari et al., 2017).

 Time management is one of the key to future success to have a better academic

performance and achievements. One way to think of time management is as a means of

keeping track of and managing time (Eilam and Aharon, 2003). Time management can

be defined as the practices intended to maximise intellectual productivity (Britton and

Tesser, 1991). It is the organization of time, activities, and task, it is an act of getting

things done effectively in an organize way.

As a result, time management will help students to be motivated in terms of learning

and accomplish tasks due to having an organized schedule of priorities. Where they can

see what’s done and what needs to be done. It will help students manage their time to

focus on each subject. Finishing schoolworks early will give students more time available

to do advance studies and reviews for future quizzes and exams.

Planner is known as a powerful tool to organize one's schedule to avoid cramming,

procrastination, and to accomplish everything on time (Robbins 2020). The researcher

can provide a planner of a list that they need to accomplish along with how much time

they have to finish their pending works that they need to follow in order to finish

everything, have an organized schedule, and an effective time management.

The study aims to determine the influence of time management student’s learning to

have a better overall academic performance and achievements. To help students

manage their time effectively to focus on each subject to be able to achieve high grades

at school.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The aim of the current research was to determine the relationship

between the time management skills and academic achievement of the

students. Time management is very important and it may actually affect

individual's overall performance and achievements. However, all of these are

related by how individuals manage their time to suit their daily living or to

make it flow steadily with their routines. Conducive settings and

environment will surely promote positive outcomes to the students, besides

having good lectures given by their teachers. Nevertheless, students' time

management can be considered as one of the aspect that can move a student

to be a good student.

Time management training significantly improved nurses' prioritization and

time management skills, leading to faster decision-making in emergency and

intensive care units. This study aimed to assess the effect of a time management

workshop on prioritization and time management skills educational intervention

about time management was held in the form of a workshop for the intervention

group. The time management questionnaire was completed by both groups

before, immediately after, and 3 months after the intervention. Rakhshan, M.,

Shirazi, F., & Dokoohaki, R. (2022). A good time management is vital for students

to shine. However, some of the students do not have a good time

management skills that has negatively affect their life and their academics.
 The usage of time by students in higher education institutions is related to their daily

routines and activities. Students' time managemen can also affect stress level of

students as they need to cope with their tasks and their personal achievements.

The study of (Ferrari et al., 2017). Time Management is a set of principles,

practices, skill, tool and systems that work together to help us to get more value

out of our his/her time with the aim of improving the quality of our life. The most

appropriate word which suites Time Management is self- management which helps us

to keep stress to a maximum. Time is the scarcest resource and unless its

management decides the success or the failure of an activity. Effective Time

Management necessitates a sense of balance. Either extreme along the Time

Management skill continuum can be problematic.

The primary achievement of distance and regular students is managing time

effectively. Mismanagement disturbs the academic achievements of learners. Time

administration plays a significant role in improving learners' performance and

accomplishments. It is a skill to manage time and every learner must familiar and

command on this skill for the sake of better results. A student can only survive if

he/she has ability of time utilization properly. The motive of this study was to

establish path relationship of time management and academic achievement of

students in distance learning institutions through structural equation modeling.

It was found that many students were realistic about having to plan their

work independently, and having to spend a good amount of their time during the

week on self study.

 However, many students found it difficult to regulate their self‐study and

keep up with the work. They were also not always sure how they were to

organise their self‐study time.

Time plays a crucial role in organizational culture, strategic planning, and

individual differences, decision making, motivation, and group behavior. The concept

of time is introduced as a major topic for organizational and management research.

Including a discussion of differing times and temporalities, macro level research and

theory are described that relate time to such substantive areas as organizational

culture, strategic planning, and organizational contingency theory. Bluedorn, A., &

Denhardt, R. (2018). At the micro level, theory and research on time and individual

differences, decision making, motivation, and group behavior are reviewed critically.

Organizational and management topics of particular salience forfuture temporal

research and management practice are identified.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The integration of current ideas and concepts pertaining to time management,

academic performance, and student behavior is necessary for a study on time

management among Grade 12 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) students.

Time is money, as “Benjamin Franklin” once said. Everyone has to understand

the importance of time management. Consciously controlling the amount of time

spent on daily tasks allows you to prioritize tasks and set deadlines, which will help

you complete them within the allotted time.

 Time management can be achieved by comprehending the theories, principles, and

techniques put forth by scholars and philosophers who have recognized the value of time

management. By studying time management theories, you will be able to effectively

organize, plan, and schedule your responsibilities, activities, and most desired life goals.

Time management programs and behavioral modification techniques, such as the

"Pickle Jar Theory," can effectively improve work-life and study-life balance, leading to

more time for leisure activities, less stress, and a happier overall experience. The result

revealed that taking time management program set along with the behavioral

modification technique seemed effective. The case the author myself could finish

assignment on time, have more spare time for leisure activities, have less stress, and

feel happier. This article could be a tool to help people especially students and workers

manage their study and work behaviors effectively in to ultimately have a work-life or

study-life balance.

This is where Albert Bandura, (1960s). the significance of self-efficacy, self-

management, and observational learning. When it comes to time management, students

acquire up efficient time management techniques by observing others, evaluating their

own talents (self-efficacy), and regulating how they act in response to these evaluations.

According to MacCann, C., Fogarty, G., & Roberts, R. (2012). Time management is

more important for part-time community college students than full-time students,

mediating the relationship between conscientiousness and academic.

 The study of Macan, T. (1994). Although the popular literature on time

management claims that engaging in time management behaviors results in

increased job performance and satisfaction and fewer job tensions, a theoretical

framework and empirical examination are lacking. To address this deficiency, the

author proposed and tested a process model of time management.

This study accoring to Wolters, C., & Brady, A. (2020). Despite its recognized

importance for academic success, much of the research investigating time

management has proceeded without regard to a comprehensive theoretical model for

understanding its connections to students’ engagement, learning, or achievement.

According to these theories, students' time management practices are influenced

by their attitudes, perceived control, coping strategies, self-efficacy, goal- setting

skills, and intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, among Grade 12 HUMSS students,

efficient time management is anticipated to have a positive correlation with

satisfaction, general well-being, and academic performance.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The conceptual framework showed how time management influences student’s

learning and student’s general average from 1st semester.

The first frame led to the independent variables, which consisted elements towards

student’s learning such as organising schedule, motivation, self discipline, and utilization

of resources. These are the elements that influence student’s learning and student’s

general average from 1st semester because they can be used to help manage one’s time

effectively.
 The second frame showed the dependent variables which consist the student’s

overall academic performance, the student’s learning and the general average of the first

semester. Which will show the effectiveness of having time management.

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Time Management Student’s learning

➢ Organizing schedule
➢ Final gen. average of
➢ Motivation 1st sem
➢ Self-disicpline
➢ Utilizations of
resources

Figure 1. Paradigm of the study

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aim to determine the influence of time management to student's learning

to have a better academic performance and achievements. Specifically it seeks to

answer the following questions:

1. What is the level of time management in terms of:

1.1 Organizing schedule

1.2 Motivation

1.3 Self-disicpline and:

1.4 Utilizations of resources?

2. What is the level of student’s learning an determined through GWA attained during
the 1st semester.

2.1 Final gen. average of 1st sem

 3. Is there a significant impact of time management on student’s learning

among Grade 12 Humss students?

HYPOTHESIS

There is a significant impact of time management on student's learning among

grade 12 humss student.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Effective time management is crucial for students, particularly those in Grade

12 Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS), as they navigate the demanding

academic landscape. This study aims to explore the significance of time management

in enhancing the learning experience for Grade 12 HUMSS students. As they

approach a pivotal juncture in their education, understanding and optimizing their time

allocation becomes paramount for academic success and holistic development.

Significance of the Study:

Students: This research seeks to empower Grade 12 HUMSS students with

practical insights and strategies to manage their time effectively, fostering a

conducive environment for learning and personal growth.

Teachers: Educators play a vital role in guiding students through their academic

journey. The findings of this study can provide valuable information to teachers,

enabling them to tailor their instructional methods and support systems to align with

the time management needs of Grade 12 HUMSS students.

Parents: Will guide, and motivate the children in their education for their child to

strive more to do well in their performances in school.

 Community: A well-educated and time-efficient student body contributes positively

to the community. This study anticipates that by improving time management skills

among Grade 12 HUMSS students, there will be a ripple effect on the community,

leading to more informed and responsible citizens.

Future Researchers: This research serves as a foundation for future studies on

time management and student learning. Scholars and researchers can build upon

these findings, expanding the knowledge base and refining interventions for various

educational contexts. In essence, this study aspires to not only address the

immediate challenges faced by Grade 12 HUMSS students but also to create a

lasting impact on the educational landscape, benefiting students, teachers, the

community, and inspiring further research in the field.

Overall, for grade 12 humss kids to succeed academically, personally, and prepare

for the future, they must learn time management skills

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study focuses on Grade 12 students in the Humanities and Social

Sciences (HUMSS) strand. It examines time management practices that affect their

learning, including study habits, extracurricular activities, and personal commitments.

The study is limited to 20-50 students in Grade 12 Humss students in a specific

school or educational institution.

The research relies on self-reported data from students, which may be subject

to bias or inaccuracies. External factors such as family support, teacher quality, and

school resources are not within the scope of this study but could influence student

learning.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Final gen. average of 1st sem: It refers to dividing the sum of all final grades by the

total number of learning areas.

Motivation: Refers to a process of inducing and stimulating an individual to act in

certain manner. Motivation is a function of the expectation of success and perceived

value.

Organizing schedule: Is refers about making time for each task but also knowing

when you're unable to complete any more. And the purpose of enabling people to

work most effectively together in accomplishing objectives'.

Self-disicpline: It refers of the ability to control yourself and to make yourself work

hard or behave in a particular way without needing anyone else to tell you what to

do. It is important to identify an area where your discipline is weakest.

Utilizations of resources: Refers about the measure of how much of your available

resources you are currently using, in order to achieve desired growth and

development of any organization, and to avoid wastage of manpower.