Core boring is a sampling technique used to
BETWEEN EACH
research. Mineral resources in the subsoil by boring
wells in order to analyze the ground, and for other
digging activities for civil engineering purposes. In
core boring, a cylinder-shaped sample of rock or ice
is extracted, which is known as a core. This is the
method commonly used to drill through the hard
rock formation. The equipment used to form the
boring is also called core barrel.
 core barrel.
It consists of a hardened steel rod with a tough
cutting bit, possessing commercial diamond or
tungsten carbide chips. The core barrels are
regularly 5 to 10 cm in diameter and about 30 to300
cm long.
 THREE MAJOR OPERATIONS OF CORE
DRILLING PROCESS
• TOGETHER, THIS IS CALLED A
"ROUNDTRIP".
• FOR EACH ROUNDTRIP, THE DRILL HOLE IS
EXTENDED BY THE LENGTH OF 1 OR 2
DRILL ROD.
 TWO CORE DRILLING METHODS
IN CONVENTIONAL CORE DRILLING
Kailangang bunutin or hilain yong buong drill string
sa borehole para sa isang drilling cycle maka collect
siya ng mga core sample.
IN WIRELINE CORE DRILLING,
Meron siyang piece of equipment na tinatawag na
overshot itong pinupunta pababa sa butas upang
palabasin at kunin yong inner tubo.
Ang pinag kaiba naman nilang dalawa ay yong
conventional core drilling kailangangang alisin
yong rod sa butas each time kasi kailangang
mabawi yong core sa core barrel. Samantalang yong
wireline core drilling ay pwedeng alisin ang core ng
hindi inaalis yong mga rod. Kaya ang wireline core
drilling ang pinaka productive, efficient and safe
method.
CHOOSING THE RIGHT DRILL BIT FOR THE
FORMATION IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT
FOR HIGH PRODUCTIVITY.
ROUNDTRIP, THE DRILLER STORES THE
CORE SAMPLES IN CORE BOXES. THE
DRILLER LOGS THE TIME AND DATE OF THE
DRILLING, AS WELL AS DEPTH, CORE
RECOVERY, AND POSSIBLE LOSSES. THESE
HIGH-QUALITY CORE SAMPLES ARE THE
FINAL GOAL OF THE CORE DRILLING
PROCESS.
 THE FOLLOWING ARE THE VARIOUS
BORING METHODS COMMONLY USED
 ANG AUGER AY PWEDENG
GINAGAMIT MANUALLY OR
MECHANICALY.
ANG PAG GAMIT NG MANUALLY
OPERATED AUGER AY HANGGANG
6 METERS LANG ANG LALIM.
MECHANICALLY OPERATED
AUGERS AY GINAGAMIT PARA SA
MAS MALALIM AT PWEDE DIN
SILANG GAMITIN SA GRAVELLY
SOILS.
 GINAGAMIT ANG HAND OPERATED
RIGS PARA SA LALIM NA HANGGANG
25METERS AT YONG MECHANIZED
RIGS NA HANGGANG 50-METERS.
AUGERS ARE SUITABLE FOR SOFT TO
STIFF CLAYS, SHELLS FOR VERY
STIFF AND HARD CLAYS, AND SHELLS
OR SAND PUMPS FOR SANDY SOILS.
SMALL BOULDERS, THIN SOFT
STRATA OF ROCK OR CEMENTED
GRAVEL CAN BE BROKEN BY CHISEL
BITS ATTACHED TO DRILL RODS.
 WASH BORING IS A FAST AND SIMPLE
METHOD FOR ADVANCING HOLES IN
ALL TYPES OF SOILS. BOULDERS AND
ROCK CANNOT BE PENETRATED BY
THIS METHOD
 IN THIS METHOD SUITABLE FOR
ADVANCING A HOLE IN ALL TYPES OF
 SOILS, BOULDERS AND ROCK. THE
FORMATIONS, HOWEVER, GET
DISTURBED BY THE IMPACT.
 ROTARY BORING OR ROTARY
DRILLING IS A VERY FAST METHOD
OF ADVANCING HOLE IN BOTH
ROCKS AND SOILS.
 WHY ROTARY DRILLING HAS
BECOME SO COMMON?
THIS DRILL TYPE HAS BECOME COMMON
WITHIN CONSTRUCTION AND MINING
INDUSTRIES DUE TO ITS CHEAP
FUNCTIONING COST AND ABILITY TO DIG
TIDY, DEEP HOLES. UNLIKE PERCUSSION
HAMMER BITS, ROTARY BITS ARE THE
SAME LENGTH THROUGHOUT. THE HOLES
DUG CAN THEN BE SMALLER IN DIAMETER.
THESE BITS CHANGED OIL INDUSTRIES BY
OFFERING AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE
INCREASINGLY VOLATILE PERCUSSION
DRILLS THAT WERE CONSTANTLY CAUSING
OIL FIRES OR ERUPTIONS WHEN REACHING
HIGH PRESSURE OIL WELLS. THESE DRILLS
WILL COMMONLY BE USED FOR DIRECTION
BORING WHEN ACCESSING OIL OR GASSES.
IN ALL EXPLORATION WORK, IT IS VERY
IMPORTANT TO MAINTAIN AN ACCURATE
AND EXPLICIT RECORD OF BORINGS.
After the collection of samples, the rock is sent to
the laboratory. In the laboratory, rock type, and
texture orientation of rock formation are found.
Compression tests and permeability tests are
performed on core samples to know about the
compressive strength. The depth of the recovered
sample must be properly recorded. Based on the
depth of recovery, the recovery ratio can be found.
 How deep does core drilling go?
It depends on the structure. For example, a massive
structure may require core sampling to be done at a
depth of up to 2feet. The diameter of a core sample
should be at least three times the nominal maximum
size of aggregate. When there is little mortar
bonding the concrete across the diameter of the
core, you are likely to wind up with rubble rather
than a solid sample. Core samples must be properly
labeled, oriented, and stored for future observation.
Written records are also required to maintain
consistency in the historical data.
What is Core Logging?
Core logging is a highly specialized skill requiring
careful observation and accurate recording.
Geophysical logging of the hole created in the
drilling process is sometimes done without the
collection of the core. Logging techniques are
extremely useful, dependable, and accurate for
lithologic identification, formation evaluation, and
depositional environment analysis.
Logging these parameters separately and on an
interval, basis will allow for the recognition of
subtle variations that would normally be smoothed
over in the summary log and will ensure that the
descriptions produced for final reporting are clear,
concise, and repeatable. Codes describing the above
should be decided upon in advance and kept as
simple as possible for ease of data entry and for
consistency.
WHY IS CORE LOGGING IMPORTANT?
Core logging forms an important aspect of an
exploration geologist job and Important stage in the
follow up work to an exploration target. At some
stage in engineering geological career, we are going
to have to log core. Without good core logging any
foundation design is worthless and the onus is on
the engineering geologist to produce high quality
logs on which the engineer can base his design.