Module 7

Building
Telecommunication
Systems
 Fundamentals of
Telecommunications Systems
• Telecommunication – it is the transmission, emission, or
reception of signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, or
information of any nature by wire, radio, optical, or other
electromagnetic systems.
• Telecommunication system – uses electricity, light (visible and
infrared), or radio waves to transmit signals that carry voice and
data transmissions. Telecommunications systems maybe analog
or digital.
 Telecommunication Networks
• Telecommunications network – it is a collection of
communication equipment and devices that are interconnected
so they can communicate in order to share data, hardware, and
software or perform an electronic function. The network includes
a series of connecting points called nodes (e.g., a
telecommunication terminal such as a telephone receiver or
computer) that are interconnected with cables (wiring). Networks
can also interconnect with other networks and contain
subnetworks.
• Network topology – it describes the configuration of a network,
including its nodes, connecting cables and equipment. It
describes the manner in which the cable is run to individual
workstations on the network.
Network Topology
 Transmission Media
•
• Cable – it is the most common medium through which voice and
data usually move from one network device to another.
•
• Coaxial cable or coax – is a type of electrical cable consisting
of an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric conducting
shield, with the two separated by a dielectric (insulating material);
many coaxial cables also have a protective outer sheath or
jacket.
•
• Optical fibers – are long, thin strands of very pure silicon glass or
plastic about the diameter of a human hair.
•
• Wireless – is a term used to describe telecommunications in
which electromagnetic waves (instead of some form of wire)
carry the signal.
Transmission Media
 STRUCTURED BUILDING
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
• Telecommunication cabling – it is the medium through
which voice and data move from one telecommunication
device to another.
• Pathway – it is a passageway, and thus a path, for cable to
travel when interconnecting devices, components, and
equipment in a telecommunication system.
• Backbone – it is a generic term used to describe a main
pathway or cabling media that interconnects a number of
telecommunication devices.
 Structured Cabling Systems
• Structured cabling
system – it is the cabling,
devices, and equipment
that integrate the voice,
data, video, and electronic
management systems of a
building (e.g., safety
alarms, security access,
energy management and
control systems, and so
on). Design and
installation of structured
cabling systems adheres
to national and
international standards.
Subsystems of Structured Cabling
Systems
• Interbuilding backbone – it is the cabling and pathways
outside of the building. Interbuilding backbone caries
telecommunication services to the building.
• Building entrance facility – it is an entrance to the
building for both public and private network service cables.
It includes the cables, connecting hardware, protection
devices, and other equipment needed to connect the
interbuilding backbone cabling to the backbone cabling in
the building.
• Telecommunications equipment room – it is a
centralized space for housing main telecommunications
equipment.
Subsystems of Structured Cabling
Systems
• Telecommunications closet – it is a dedicated room on each
floor in a building that houses intermediate voice and data
telecommunications equipment and related cable connections.
• Backbone pathway – it connects the entrance
facilities/equipment room to the telecommunications closets for
cabling that interconnects equipment and devices in these
spaces.
• Horizontal pathways – it connect the backbone cabling entering
the telecommunications closet with the terminal equipment in the
work area (e.g., computers, data terminals, telephones, and so
on).
• Work area – it is the space containing workstation (terminal)
equipment and components.
Advanced Home Wiring Systems
Advanced home wiring system allows a homeowner to
integrate the control and management of the following
subsystems:
• Communication subsystem (e.g., intercom, phone, message
recording, fax and e-mail)
• Entertainment subsystem (e.g., whole-house stereo, VCR, cable,
digital and satellite television, and home theater system)
• Home office subsystem (e.g., computers, printers and scanners)
• Environmental control/energy management subsystem (e.g.,
control of HVAC equipment, water heater, lighting and other
appliances)
• Security/property protection subsystem (e.g., video surveillance
with closed circuit TV, control entry gates and garage doors,
control lawn irrigation)