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2 0 1 6 年 9 月 Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis September ,2 0 1 6
20 种氨基酸近红外光谱及其分子结构的相关性
1 .云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南省动物营养与饲料重点实验室,云南 昆明 650201
2 .云南农业大学基础与信息工程学院,云南 昆明 650201
关键词 近红外光谱;氨基酸;分子结构;标准物质
中图分类号:O4 3 4.3 文献标识码:A DOI :1 0.3 9 6 4/.
j issn.1 000-0 5 9 3 (2 0 1 6 )0 9-2 7 6 6-0 8
N — H ,O — H 等)在波长 7 80 ~ 2 5 00 nm 区 域 跃 迁 时 产 生 的
引 言 光谱变化,结合计算机学与化学计量学测 定 样 品 中 多 种 化 学
成分 含 量 [2 ]。构 成 生 命 体 的 2 0 种 氨 基 酸 主 要 是 由 C — H ,
氨基酸是含有一个碱性氨基和一个酸性羧基的有机化合 N — H 和 O — H 等基团构成,这些基 团 在 近 红 外 区 域 会 产 生
物,在生物分子的结构和功能 研 究 中 有 重 要 的 作 用。从 细 菌 明显的倍频和组合频吸收峰。研 究 表 明,应 用 近 红 外 光 谱 可
到 人类,所有蛋白质都由 2 0 种标准氨基酸组成,根据其侧链 以定量检测饲 料、肉 与 肉 制 品、谷 物、茶 叶、中 草 药 等 [3-5 ],
基团的性质,可分为脂肪族氨 基 酸、芳 香 族 氨 基 酸 和 杂 环 氨 但不同氨基酸预测的准确率存在一定差 距,这 是 由 于 不 同 氨
基酸。 基酸的侧链基团存在一定差异,其近红外 光 谱 也 会 因 分 子 构
氨基酸常用的检测方法有离子交换 色 谱 法、高 效 液 相 色 成的不同表现出光谱差异,如果单纯从数 学 模 型 的 角 度 解 决
谱法、气相色谱法等紫外检测 方 法 ,需 要 对 样 品 进 行 衍 生
[1 ]
此问题,则效果不明显。因此,研究 2 0 种氨基酸标准物 质 近
化和显色反应,样品预处理过 程 较 为 繁 琐。现 代 近 红 外 光 谱 红外光谱,找出氨基 酸 化 学 结 构 与 其 近 红 外 光 谱 的 关 联 性,
分析技术,可充分利用全谱或多波长下的 光 谱 数 据 进 行 定 性 对今后氨基酸近红外光谱的定量定性检测具有十分重要的意
或定量 分 析,其 原 理 是 利 用 有 机 物 质 的 含 氢 基 团 (C — H , 义。
References
TAO Lin-li 1 ,HUANG Wei 1 ,YANG Xiu-juan 1 ,CAO Zhi-yong 2 ,DENG Jun-ming 1 , WANG Shan-shan 1 ,MEI Feng-yan 1 ,
ZHANG Ming-wei 1 ,ZHANG Xi 1 ∗
1 .Faculty of Animal Science and Technology ,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province ,
Yunnan Agricultural University ,Kunming 6 5 0 2 0 1 ,China
2 .College of Basic Science and Information Engineering ,Yunnan Agricultural University ,Kunming 6 5 0 2 0 1 ,China
Abstract The obj ective of the research was to study the correlations between near infrared spectra and molecular structures of 2 0
standard amino acids.It was to establish the theoretical foundation for widely use of the amino acids near infrared spectra in ani-
mal science ,food and medicine.Measurement of the near infrared spectra was performed using a Shimadzu Fourier transform in-
frared spectrophotometer IRPrestige-2 1 ,with FlexIRTM Near-Infrared Fiber Optics module.The spectrometric data acquisitions
were performed by Shimadzu IRsolution 1.5 0 system.The spectrometric room temperature was 2 5 ℃ and humidity was 3 8 %.
Spectra of 2 0 amino acid standard substances were collected by reflectance mode from 1 000 to 2 5 0 2 nm in 8 cm - 1 increment.
Each sample was scanned in three times ,each scan was 5 0 cycles ,and the average value of three times scan result was used for
each sample.Based on the differences of amino acids side chains ,the correlations between near infrared spectra and molecular
structures were compared in the fat family amino acids ,aromatic amino acids and heterocycle amino acids.The result shows that
all 2 0 standard amino acids have very specific absorption line patterns.It is distinctly different in these absorption line patterns.
Near-infrared spectra of high molecular weight fat family amino acids are affected by side chains.Near-infrared spectra of glycine
are affected by carboxyl and amino.The differences of near-infrared spectra between two aromatic amino acids are in benzene
ring.— OH groups on benzene ring of tyrosine lower the symmetry of benzene molecule.It leads to the emergence of more vibra-
tion absorption.Near-infrared spectra of heterocycle amino acids are distinctly different in 1 000 ~ 2 5 0 2 nm because of side
chains.In conclusion ,there are four different characteristic spectral regions.The first one is 1 0 5 0 ~ 1 2 00 nm spectral region
which is composed mainly of second-order frequency doubling of C — H group.The second is 1 3 00 ~ 1 5 00 nm spectral region
which is composed mainly of combination tune of C — H group.Due to side chains of amino acid have different molecular struc-
第9 期 光谱学与光谱分析 2773
ture ,they yield a complete set of near infrared fingerprint spectra between 1 6 00 ~ 1 8 5 0 and 2 000 ~ 2 5 0 2 nm.In another
words ,these four characteristic regions of near infrared spectra can be used to build the model of qualitative analysis and quanti-
tative analysis for amino acid ,and improves the accuracy and reliability of model.
Keywords Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS);Amino acids ;Molecular structures ;Standard substance
《光 谱 学 与 光 谱 分 析 》2 0 1 7 年 征 订 启 事