Markscheme

1
1. (a) z = (1 − i) 4
Let 1 – i = r(cos θ + i sin θ)
r= 2 A1
π
θ= − A1
4
1
   π  π  4
z =  2  cos −  + isin −    M1
   4  4 
1
   π   π  4
=  2  cos − + 2nπ  + i sin − + 2nπ   
   4   4 
1
  π nπ   π nπ  
= 2 8  cos − +  + i sin − +   M1
  16 2   16 2  
1
  π  π 
= 2 8  cos −  + i sin −  
  16   16  
Note: Award M1 above for this line if the candidate has forgotten to
add 2π and no other solution given.
1
  7π   7π  
= 2 8  cos  + i sin  
  16   16  
1
  15π   15π  
= 2 8  cos  + i sin  
  16   16  
1
  9π   9π  
= 2 8  cos −  + i sin −   A2
  16   16  
Note: Award A1 for 2 correct answers. Accept any equivalent form.

IB Questionbank 1
 (b)

A2
Note: Award A1 for roots being shown equidistant from the origin
and one in each quadrant.
A1 for correct angular positions. It is not necessary to
see written evidence of angle, but must agree with the diagram.

1
 15π   15π  
2 8   cos  + i sin  
z2  16   16  
(c) = 1
M1A1
z1  7π   7π  
  cos  + i sin  
28
 16   16  
π π
= cos + i sin (A1)
2 2
=i A1 N2
(  a = 0, b = 1)
[12]

2. METHOD 1
5(2a + 9d) = 60 (or 2a + 9d = 12) M1A1
10(2a + 19d) = 320 (or 2a + 19d = 32) A1
solve simultaneously to obtain M1
a = –3, d = 2 A1
the 15th term is – 3 + 14 × 2 = 25 A1
Note: FT the final A1 on the values found in the penultimate line.

IB Questionbank 2
 METHOD 2
with an AP the mean of an even number of consecutive terms equals
the mean of the middle terms (M1)
a10 + a11
= 16 (or a10 + a11 = 32) A1
2
a5 + a6
= 6 (or a5 + a6 = 12) A1
2
a10 – a5 + a11 – a6 = 20 M1
5d + 5d = 20
d = 2 and a = –3 (or a5 = 5 or a10 = 15) A1
the 15th term is –3 + 14 × 2 = 25 (or 5 + 10 × 2 = 25 or 15 + 5 × 2 = 25) A1
Note: FT the final A1 on the values found in the penultimate line.
[6]

IB Questionbank 3
3. METHOD 1
If the areas are in arithmetic sequence, then so are the angles. (M1)

 Sn =
n
(a + l ) 12 (θ + 2θ ) =18θ M1A1
2 2
 18 = 2 (A1)
π
θ= (accept 20) A1
9
METHOD 2
a12 = 2a1 (M1)
12
(a1 + 2a1 ) = πr 2 M1A1
2
πr 2
3a1 =
6
3 2 πr 2
r θ= (A1)
2 6
2π π
θ= = (accept 20) A1
18 9
METHOD 3
Let smallest angle = a, common difference = d
a + 11d = 2a (M1)
a = 11d A1

Sn =
12
(2a + 11d ) = 2π M1
2
6(2a + a) = 2 (A1)
18a = 2
π
a= (accept 20) A1
9
[5]

IB Questionbank 4
4. METHOD 1
π
r = 2, θ = − (A1)(A1)
3
−3

(
 1− i 3 )−3
=2 −3   π  π 
 cos  −  + i sin −   M1
  3  3 

=
1
(cos π + i sin π ) (M1)
8
1
=− A1
8
METHOD 2
(1 − i 3 )(1 − i 3 ) = 1 − 2i 3 − 3 (= −2 − 2i 3 ) (M1)A1

(− 2 − 2i 3 )(1 − i 3 ) = −8 (M1)(A1)
1 1
 =− A1
(1 − i 3 ) 3
8

METHOD 3
Attempt at Binomial expansion M1
(1 − i 3 )3 = 1 + 3(−i 3 ) + 3 (−i 3 )2 + (−i 3 )3 (A1)

= 1 − 3i 3 − 9 + 3i 3 (A1)
= −8 A1
1 1
 =− M1
(1 − i 3 ) 3
8
[5]

IB Questionbank 5
 dV
5. (a) = cr A1
dt
4
V = r 3
3
dV dr
= 4r 2 M1A1
dt dt
dr
 4r 2 = cr M1
dt
dr c
 = A1
dt 4r
k
= AG
r

dr k
(b) =
dt r


 rdr = k dt  M1

r2
= kt + d A1
2
An attempt to substitute either t = 0, r = 8 or t = 30, r = 12 M1
When t = 0, r = 8
 d = 32 A1
r2
 = kt + 32
2

IB Questionbank 6
 When t = 30, r = 12
12 2
 = 30k + 32
2
4
k = A1
3
r2 4
 = t + 32
2 3
r2 4
When t = 15, = 15 + 32 M1
2 3
 r2 = 104 A1
r  10 cm A1
Note: Award M0 to incorrect methods using proportionality
which give solution r =10 cm.
[13]

1 3
6. (a) (i) (g ○ f)(x) = , x  − (or equivalent) A1
2x + 3 2

2
(ii) (f ○ g)(x) = + 3, x ≠ 0 (or equivalent) A1
x

(b) EITHER
f(x) = (g–1 ○ f ○ g)(x)  (g ○ f)(x) = (f ○ g)(x) (M1)
1 2
= +3 A1
2x + 3 x
OR
1
(g–1 ○ f ○ g)(x) = A1
2
+3
x
1
2x + 3 = M1
2
+3
x
THEN
6x2 + 12x + 6 = 0 (or equivalent) A1
x = –1, y = 1 (coordinates are (–1, 1)) A1
[6]

7.

IB Questionbank 7
 A5
Note: Award A1 for origin
A1 for shape
A1 for maximum
A1 for each point of inflexion.
[5]

8. (a) Attempting implicit differentiation M1

dy dy
2x + y + x + 2y =0 A1
dx dx
EITHER
dy dy
Substituting x = −1, y = k eg − 2 + k − + 2k =0 M1
dx dx
dy
Attempting to make the subject M1
dx

OR
dy dy − (2 x + y )
Attempting to make the subject eg = M1
dx dx x + 2y

dy
Substituting x = −1, y = k into M1
dx
THEN
dy 2 − k
= A1 N1
dx 2k −1

IB Questionbank 8
 dy
(b) Solving = 0 for k gives k = 2 A1
dx
[6]

9. Using integration by parts (M1)

du dv 1
u = x, =1, = sin 2 x and v = − cos 2 x (A1)
dx dx 2
π
π
  1  6  1 
 x − cos 2 x  −
  2  0
 0
6
 − cos 2 x  dx
 2 
A1

π π
  1  6  1 6
=  x − cos 2 x  +  sin 2 x  A1
  2  0  4 0

Note: Award the A1A1 above if the limits are not included.
π
  1  6 π
 x − cos 2 x  = − A1
  2  0 24
π
1 6 3
 4 sin 2 x  = 8 A1
 0
π
3 π
 0
6 x sin 2 x dx = −
8 24
AG N0

Note: Allow FT on the last two A1 marks if the expressions are the
negative of the correct ones.
[6]

IB Questionbank 9
10. METHOD 1
Graph of f (x) – g(x) M1

A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for each branch.
x < – 1 or 4 < x ≤ 14 A1A1 N3
Note: Each value and inequality sign must be correct.

METHOD 2
x+4 x−2
− 0 M1
x +1 x − 4
x 2 − 16 − x 2 + x + 2
0
( x + 1)( x − 4)
x − 14
0 A1
( x + 1)( x − 4)
Critical value of x = 14 A1
Other critical values x = –1 and x = 4 A1

x < –1 or 4 < x ≤ 14 A1A1 N3

Note: Each value and inequality sign must be correct.
[6]

IB Questionbank 10
 d 1
11. (arctan (x − 1)) = (or equivalent) A1
1 + (x −1)
2
dx

1
mN = −2 and so mT = (R1)
2
1 1
Attempting to solve = (or equivalent) for x M1
1 + (x −1)
2
2

x = 2 (as x > 0) A1

Substituting x = 2 and y = to find c M1
4

c=4+ A1 N1
4
[6]

  π 
12. (a) Using the chain rule f″(x) =  2 cos 5 x −  5 (M1)
  2 
 π
= 10 cos  5x −  A1 N2
 2

(b) f(x) =  f ( x)dx

2  π
= − cos 5 x −  + c A1
5  2
π 2  π π
Substituting to find c, f   = − cos 5  −  + c = 1 M1
2 5  2 2
2 2 7
c = 1 + cos 2π = 1 + = (A1)
5 5 5
2  π 7
f(x) = − cos 5 x −  + A1 N2
5  2 5
[6]

IB Questionbank 11
13. (a) EITHER
let u = tan x; du = sec2 x dx (M1)
consideration of change of limits (M1)
π π
sec 2 x 1
 3
π 3
tan x

dx = π3 1 du (A1)
4 4
u3
Note: Do not penalize lack of limits.
3
 2 
 3u 3 
=   A1
2
 
 1
2
3  3 3 3  33 3 − 3 
= − = A1A1 N0
2 2  2 

OR
π

π
 2
3
2
sec x  3(tan x) 3 
 3
π 3
tan x
dx = 
2  M2A2
4  π
 
4
2
3 3 3 3  33 3 − 3 
= − = A1A1 N0
2 2  2 

 tan xdx =  tan x(sec x − 1)dx

3 2
(b) M1

=  (tan x  sec x − tan x)dx

2

1
= tan 2 x − ln sec x + C A1A1
2
Note: Do not penalize the absence of absolute value or C.
[9]

IB Questionbank 12
14. METHOD 1
2
e  ln x
V= π  1
  dx
 x 
M1

Integrating by parts:

u = (ln x ) ,
dv 1
=
2
(M1)
dx x 2
du 2 ln x 1
= , v=−
dx x x
 (ln x )2 ln x 
 V = −

 x
+2
x2
dx


 A1

dv 1
u = ln x, = (M1)
dx x 2
du 1 1
= ,v =−
dx x x
ln x ln x 1 ln x 1
  x 2
dx = −
x 
+ 2 dx = −
x x
−
x
A1

 (ln x )2
e
 ln x 1 
 V =  − + 2− − 
 x  x x  1

5
= 2 − A1
e

IB Questionbank 13
 METHOD 2
2
e  ln
x
V= π 1
  dx
 x 
M1

dx
Let ln x = u  x = eu, = du (M1)
x
2
 ln x  u2
   
−u 2 −u 2 −u
  dx = u du = e u du = − e u + 2 e u du A1
 x  e

(  )
= − e −u u 2 + 2 − e −u u + e −u du = − e −u u 2 − 2e −u u − 2e −u

(
= − e −u u 2 + 2u + 2 ) A1
When x = e, u = 1. When x = 1, u = 0.


 Volume = π − e −u u 2 + 2u + 2 ( ) 1
0 M1

(  5π 
= π − 5e −1 + 2  = 2π −  ) A1
 e 
[6]

1
15. Let u = ln y  du = dy A1(A1)
y
tan(ln y )
 y
dy = tan u du  A1

sin u
=  cos u du = − ln | cos u | + c A1

EITHER
tan(ln y )
 dy = − ln | cos (ln y )| + c A1A1
y
OR
tan(ln y )
 dy = ln | sec (ln y )| + c A1A1
y
[6]

IB Questionbank 14
16. Recognition of integration by parts M1
 x3  x3 1
 x 2 ln xdx =  ln x  −
3 
  dx
3 x
A1A1

 x3  x2
=  ln x  −
3 
 3
dx

 x3 x3 
=  ln x −  A1
3 9
e  e3 e3   1  2e 3 + 1 

 x 2 ln xdx =  −  −  0 − 
1
 3 9   9
=

 9 
 A1

[5]

17. METHOD 1
EITHER
Using the graph of y = f (x) (M1)

A1
The maximum of f (x) occurs at x = −0.5. A1
OR
Using the graph of y = f ″(x). (M1)

A1
The zero of f (x) occurs at x = − 0.5. A1

IB Questionbank 15
 THEN
Note: Do not award this A1 for stating x =  0.5 as the final answer for x.
f (−0.5) = 0.607 (= e−0.5) A2
Note: Do not award this A1 for also stating (0.5, 0.607) as a coordinate.

EITHER
Correctly labelled graph of f (x) for x < 0 denoting the maximum f (x) R1
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 1.17 and f (−0.4) = 1.16 stated) A1 N2
OR
Correctly labelled graph of f (x) for x < 0 denoting the maximum f (x) R1
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 0.857 and f (−0.4) = −1.05 stated) A1 N2

OR
1
f (0.5)  1.21. f (x) < 1.21 just to the left of x = −
2
1
and f (x) < 1.21 just to the right of x = − R1
2
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 1.17 and f (−0.4) =1.16 stated) A1 N2

OR
1
f (x) > 0 just to the left of x = − and f  (x) < 0 just to the right
2
1
of x = − R1
2
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 0.857 and f (−0.4) = −1.05 stated) A1 N2

IB Questionbank 16
 METHOD 2

f (x) = −4x e − 2 x
2
A1

f ″(x) = –4 e − 2 x + 16x2 e − 2 x
2 2
(= (16x − 4)e )
2 − 2 x2
A1
Attempting to solve f ″(x) = 0 (M1)
1
x=− A1
2
1
Note: Do not award this A1 for stating x =  as the final answer for x.
2
 1 1
f − = (= 0.607) A1
 2 e

1 1 
Note: Do not award this A1 for also stating  ,  as a coordinate.
2 e

EITHER
Correctly labelled graph of f ′(x) for x < 0 denoting the maximum f (x) R1
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 1.17 and f  (−0.4) = 1.16 stated) A1 N2
OR
Correctly labelled graph of f (x) for x < 0 denoting the maximum f (x) R1
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 0.857 and f (−0.4) = −1.05 stated) A1 N2

OR
1
f (0.5)  1.21. f (x) < 1.21 just to the left of x = −
2
1
and f (x) < 1.21 just to the right of x = − R1
2
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 1.17 and f (−0.4) =1.16 stated) A1 N2

OR
1
f (x) > 0 just to the left of x = − and f (x) < 0 just to the right
2
1
of x = − R1
2
(e.g. f (−0.6) = 0.857 and f (−0.4) = −1.05 stated) A1 N2
[7]

18. f(2) = 16 + 24 + 4p – 4 + q = 15 M1
 4p + q = –21 A1

IB Questionbank 17
 f(–3) = 81 – 81 + 9p + 6 + q = 0 M1
 9p + q = –6 A1
 p = 3 and q = –33 A1A1 N0
[6]

sin x
19. (a) y=
cos x
dy cos 2 x + sin 2 x
= M1A1
dx cos 2 x
1
= A1
cos 2 x
= sec2x AG

IB Questionbank 18
 (b) y = arctan x
 x = tan y (M1)
dx
= sec2 y A1
dy
EITHER
dx
= 1 + tan2 y (A1)
dy
= 1 + x2 A1
dy 1
 = AG
dx 1 + x 2
OR
dy 1
= 2
= cos2 y (A1)
dx sec y

A1
2
 1 
=   = 1 AG
  1+ x 2
 1+ x
2

[7]

IB Questionbank 19
20. METHOD 1

= − π sin (πy )
dy dy
3x 2 y 2 + 2 x 3 y A1A1A1
dx dx
dy
At (−1, 1), 3 − 2 =0 M1A1
dx
dy 3
= A1
dx 2
METHOD 2

= − π sin (πy )
dy dy
3x 2 y 2 + 2 x 3 y A1A1A1
dx dx
dy 3 x2 y2
= A1
dx − π sin (πy ) − 2 x 3 y

3 (− 1) (1)
2 2
dy 3
At (−1, 1), = = M1A1
dx − π sin (π ) − 2 (− 1) (1) 2
3

[6]

21. METHOD 1
As (x + 1) is a factor of P(x), then P(−1) = 0 (M1)
 a − b + 1 = 0 (or equivalent) A1
As (x − 2) is a factor of P(x), then P(2) = 0 (M1)
 4a + 2b + 10 = 0 (or equivalent) A1
Attempting to solve for a and b M1
a = −2 and b = −1 A1 N1

METHOD 2
By inspection third factor must be x − 1. (M1)A1
(x + 1)(x − 2)(x − 1) = x3 − 2x2 − x + 2 (M1)A1
Equating coefficients a = −2, b = −1 (M1)A1 N1

IB Questionbank 20
 METHOD 3
P(x )
Considering or equivalent (M1)
x − x−2
2

P(x )
= (x + a + 1) +
(a + b + 3) x + 2 (a + 2) A1A1
x − x−2
2
x2 − x − 2
Recognizing that (a + b + 3) x + 2 (a + 2) = 0 (M1)
Attempting to solve for a and b M1
a = −2 and b = −1 A1 N1
[6]

22. (a) AQ = x 2 + 4 (km) (A1)

QY = (2 − x) (km) (A1)
T = 5 5 AQ + 5QY (M1)

= 5 5 (x 2
)
+ 4 + 5(2 − x ) (mins) A1

(b) Attempting to use the chain rule on 5 5 (x 2

+4 ) (M1)

(x ) ( )
1
d 
+ 4  = 5 5  x 2 + 4
1 −
5 5 2 2  2x A1
dx   2
 5 5x 
= 
 
 x +4 
2

d
(5(2 − x )) = − 5 A1
dx
dT 5 5x
= −5 AG N0
dx x2 + 4

(c) (i) 5 x = x 2 + 4 or equivalent A1

Squaring both sides and rearranging to

obtain 5x2 = x2 + 4 M1
x=1 A1 N1
Note: Do not award the final A1 for stating a negative solution
in final answer.

IB Questionbank 21
 (ii) T = 5 5 1 + 4 + 5(2 −1) M1

= 30 (mins) A1 N1
Note: Allow FT on incorrect x value.

(iii) METHOD 1
Attempting to use the quotient rule M1

( )
1
du dv −
u = x ,v = x 2 + 4 , =1 and = x x2 + 4 2 (A1)
dx dx
 2 
( )
1
1 2 −
2
d T  x +4 − x +4 2  2x 2 
= 5 5 2 
( )
A1
dx 2  x2 + 4 
 
 

Attempt to simplify (M1)

=
5 5
x 2

+ 4 − x 2 or equivalent A1
(x )
3
2
+4 2

20 5
= AG
(x )
3
2
+4 2

20 5
When x = 1, > 0 and hence T = 30
(x )
3
2
+4 2

is a minimum R1 N0
Note: Allow FT on incorrect x value, 0  x  2.

IB Questionbank 22
 METHOD 2
Attempting to use the product rule M1

( )
1
du dv −
u = x , v = x2 + 4, =1 and = x x2 + 4 2 (A1)
dx dx

( ) ( )
1 3
d 2T − 5 5x 2 −
=5 5 x2 + 4 2 − x +4 2  2x A1
dx 2 2
 
 5 5 5 5 x2 
= − 3 
( ) ( )
1
 x2 + 4 x + 4 2 
2
 2

Attempt to simplify (M1)


=
(
5 5 x2 + 4 −5 5 x2 ) (
 5 5 x2 + 4 − x2
=
) A1
(x ) ( )
3 3
2
+4  2
+ 
2
 x 4 2


20 5
= AG
(x )
3
2
+4 2

20 5
When x = 1, > 0 and hence T = 30 is a
(x )
3
2
+4 2

minimum R1 N0
Note: Allow FT on incorrect x value, 0  x  2.
[18]

2 xe x − x 2 e x  2 x − x 2 
23. (a) f′(x) = =  M1A1
e 2x  e x 

For a maximum f′(x) = 0 (M1)
2x – x2 = 0
giving x = 0 or 2 A1A1
( 2 − 2 x )e x − e x ( 2 x − x 2 )  x 2 − 4 x + 2 
f″(x) = =  M1A1
e 2x  ex 
 
f″(0) = 2 > 0  minimum R1
2
f″(2) = − 2  0  maximum R1
e
4
Maximum value = 2 A1
e

IB Questionbank 23
 (b) For a point of inflexion,
x 2 − 4x + 2
f″(x) = =0 M1
ex
4  16 − 8
giving x = (A1)
2
=2± 2 A1

(c)
1
x
0
2 −x

e dx = − x 2 e − x 
1
0 
1
+ 2 xe − x dx
0
M1A1

= –e– 1 – 2 xe − x  + 2 e
1
0
0
1
−x
dx A1M1A1

= –e–1 – 2e–1 – 2e −x 1

0 A1A1
–1 –1 –1
= –3e – 2e + 2 (= 2 – 5e ) A1
[21]

x 1
24. (a) lim x
= lim x M1A1
x→ e x→ e

=0 AG

(b) Using integration by parts M1


a

0

x e − x dx = − xe − x  + e
a
0
a

0
−x
dx A1A1

= ae − a − e −x a
0 A1
−a −a
= 1 − ae −e A1

(c) Since e−a and ae−a are both convergent (to zero), the integral is
convergent. R1
Its value is 1. A1
[9]

25. q(–1) = k + 9 M1A1

q(–2) = 4k + 9 A1
k + 9 = 7(4k + 9) M1
k = –2 A1
Notes: The first M1 is for one substitution and the consequent equations.
Accept expressions for q(–1) and q(–2) that are not simplified.
[5]

1 
26. y = ln (1 + e − 2 x ) 
3 

IB Questionbank 24
 EITHER
2 −2 x
− e
dy 3
= M1A1
dx 1
(1 + e − 2 x )
3
dy − 2e −2 x
= A1
dx 1 + e − 2 x
1
ey = (1 + e–2x) M1
3
Now e–2x = 3ey – 1 A1
dy − 2(3e y − 1)
 = A1
dx 1 + 3e y − 1
2
= − y (3e y − 1)
3e
2
= − (3 − e − y ) A1
3
2
= (e − y − 3) AG
3

OR
1
ey = (1 + e–2x) M1A1
3
y dy 2
e = − e −2 x M1A1
dx 3
–2x
Now e = 3ey – 1 (A1)
dy 2
 ey = − (3e y − 1)
dx 3
dy 2 −y
 = − e (3e y − 1) (A1)
dx 3
2
= (–3 + e–y) (A1)
3
2 –y
= (e – 3) AG
3
Note: Only two of the three (A1) marks may be implied.
[7]

IB Questionbank 25
27. using the factor theorem or long division M1
–A + B – 1 + 6 = 0  A – B = 5 A1
8A + 4B + 2 + 6 = 0  2A + B = –2 A1
3A = 3  A = 1 A1
B = –4 A1 N3
Note: Award M1A0A0A1A1 for using (x – 3) as the third factor, without
justification that the leading coefficient is 1.
[5]

28. (a) (i) EITHER

Attempting to separate the variables (M1)
dv dt
=
(
− v 1+ v 2
50 ) (A1)

OR
dt
Inverting to obtain (M1)
dv
dt − 50
=
(
dv v 1 + v 2 ) (A1)

THEN
5 1  10 1 
t = − 50  v(1 + v ) dv  = 50 v(1 + v ) dv 
10 2 5 2
A1 N3


(ii) t = 0.732 (sec)  = 25 ln
104
(sec) A2 N2
 101 

dv dv
(b) (i) =v (M1)
dt dx
Must see division by v (v > 0) A1

=
(
dv − 1 + v 2 ) AG N0
dx 50

IB Questionbank 26
 (ii) Either attempting to separate variables or inverting to obtain
dx
(M1)
dv
dv 1
 1+ v 2
=−
50dx (or equivalent) A1

Attempting to integrate both sides M1

x
arctan v = − +C A1A1
50
Note: Award A1 for a correct LHS and A1 for a correct
RHS that must include C.
When x = 0, v = 10 and so C = arctan10 M1
x = 50(arctan10 − arctan v) A1 N1

(iii) Attempting to make arctan v the subject. M1

x
arctan v = arctan10 − A1
50
 x 
v = tan  arctan10 −  M1A1
 50 
Using tan (A − B) formula to obtain the desired form. M1
x
10 − tan
v= 50 AG N0
x
1 + 10 tan
50
[19]

29. (a) f(a) = 4a3 + 2a2 – 7a = –10 M1

4a3 + 2a2 – 7a + 10 = 0
(a + 2) (4a2 – 6a + 5) = 0 or sketch or GDC (M1)
a = –2 A1

IB Questionbank 27
 (b) substituting a = –2 into f(x)
f(x) = 4x3 – 4x + 14 = 0 A1
EITHER
graph showing unique solution which is indicated (must include
max and min) R1
OR
convincing argument that only one of the solutions is
real (–1.74, 0.868±1.12i) R1
[5]

30. Attempting to differentiate implicitly (M1)

dy dy
3x2y + 2xy2 = 2  6 xy + 3x 2 + 2 y 2 + 4 xy =0 A1
dx dy
Substituting x = 1 and y = –2 (M1)
dy dy
–12 + 3 + 8 − 8 =0 A1
dx dx
dy dy 4
 −5 =4 =− A1
dx dx 5
5
Gradient of normal is A1 N3
4
[6]

31. (a) this separable equation has general solution

∫sec2 y dy = ∫cos x dx (M1)(A1)
tan y = sin x + c A1
the condition gives
π
tan = sin π + c  c = 1 M1
4
the solution is tan y = 1 + sin x A1
y = arctan (1 + sin x) AG

IB Questionbank 28
  π
(b) the limit cannot exist unless a = arctan 1 + sin  = arctan 2 R1A1
 2
in that case the limit can be evaluated using l’Hopital’s rule (twice)
limit is
(arctan(1 + sin x))  y
lim = lim M1A1
x→
π  π x→
π  π
2 2 x −  2 2 x − 
 2  2
where y is the solution of the differential equation
the numerator has zero limit (from the factor cos x in the differential equation) R1
so required limit is
y 
lim = M1A1
π 2
x→
2
finally,
y″ = –sin x cos2 y – 2 cos x cos y sin y × y′(x) M1A1
π 1
since cos y  = A1
2 5
1 π
y″ = − at x = A1
5 2
1
the required limit is − A1
10
[17]

2s
32. (a) a=
s +1 2

dv
a= v M1
ds
dv 2s
v = 2
ds s + 1
2s
vdv =
s +1
2  ds M1

v2
 = ln│s2 + 1│ + k A1A1
2
Note: Do not penalize if k is missing.
When s = 1, v = 2
 2 = ln 2 + k M1
 k = 2 – ln 2 A1
v2  s 2 +1 
 = ln s 2 + 1 + 2 − ln 2  = ln + 2 A1
2  2 
 

IB Questionbank 29
 (b) EITHER
v2 26
= ln +2 M1
2 2
 v2 = 2 ln│13│+ 4
 v = 2 ln 13 + 4 A1

OR
v2
= ln│26│+ 2 – ln 2 M1
2
v2 = 2 ln│26│+ 4 – 2 ln 2
v = 2 ln 26 + 4 − 2 ln 2 A1
[9]

33. (a)

A2
Note: Award A1 for shape.
A1 for scales given on each axis.

IB Questionbank 30
 (b)

A5
π
Asymptotes x = 0, x = , x = π
2
 3π  π 
Max ,−1, Min  , 1
 4  4 
Note: Award A1 for shape
A2 for asymptotes, A1 for one error, A0 otherwise.
A1 for max.
A1 for min.

sin x cos x
(c) tanx + cot x ≡ + M1
cos x sin x
sin 2 x + cos 2 x
≡ A1
sin x cos x
1
≡ A1
1
sin 2 x
2
≡ 2 csc 2x AG

(d) tan 2x + cot 2x ≡ 2 csc 4x (M1)

 3π 
Max is at  , − 2  A1A1
 2 
 π 
Min is at  , 2  A1A1
 8 

IB Questionbank 31
 (e) csc 2x = 1.5 tan x – 0.5
1 1 3 1
tan x + cot x = tan x − M1
2 2 2 2
tan x + cot x = 3 tan x – 1
1
2 tan x – –1=0 M1
tan x
2 tan2 x – tan x – 1 = 0 A1
(2 tan x + 1)(tan x – 1) = 0 M1
1
tan x = – or 1 A1
2
π
x= A1
4
Note: Award A0 for answer in degrees or if more than one value given for x.
[21]

dy dy
34. x − y 2 = 1,  x = y 2 +1
dx dx
Separating variables (M1)
dy dx
= A1
y +1 x
2

arctan y = ln x + c A1A1
y = 0, x = 2  arctan 0 = ln 2 + c
–ln 2 = c (A1)
x
arctan y = ln x – ln 2 = ln
2
 x 
y = tan ln  A1 N3
 2 
[6]

IB Questionbank 32
  πx 
35. 10 cm water depth corresponds to 16 sec   − 32 = − 6 (A1)
 36 
 πx 
Rearranging to obtain an equation of the form sec   = k or
 36 
equivalent
ie making a trignometrical function the subject of the equation. M1
 πx  8
cos   = (A1)
 36  13
πx 8
=  arccos M1
36 13
36 8
x= arccos A1
π 13
Note: Do not penalize the omission of .
72 8
Width of water surface is arccos (cm) R1 N1
π 13
Note: Candidate who starts with 10 instead of −6 has the potential
to gain the two M1 marks and the R1 mark.
[6]

IB Questionbank 33
36. Let the number of mosquitoes be y.
dy
= − ky M1
dt
1
 y 
dy = − kdt M1

ln y = –kt + c A1
y = e–kt+c
y = Ae–kt
when t = 0, y = 500 000  A = 500 000 A1
y = 500 000e–kt
when t = 5, y = 400 000
400 000 = 500 000e–5k M1
4
= e–kt
5
4
–5k = ln
5
1 4
k = − ln (= 0.0446) A1
5 5
250 000 = 500 000e–kt M1
1
= e–kt
2
1
ln = −kt
2
5 1
t= ln = 15.5 years A1
4 2
ln
5
[8]

 x
37. (a) For x 9 − x 2 , – 3 ≤ x ≤ 3 and for 2arcsin   , – 3 ≤ x ≤ 3 A1
3
 D is – 3 ≤ x ≤ 3 A1

2
2.8  x
V= π   x 9 − x + 2 arcsin  dx
2
(b) M1A1
0  3
= 181 A1

IB Questionbank 34
 2
1
dy x2 3
(c) = (9 − x 2 ) 2 − 1
+ M1A1
dx x2
(9 − x 2
)2 1−
9
1
x2 2
= (9 − x 2
)2 − 1
+ 1
A1
(9 − x2 ) 2 (9 − x 2
)2
9 − x2 − x2 + 2
= 1
A1
(9 − x 2
)2
11 − 2 x 2
= A1
9 − x2

p
p 11 − 2 x 2
 x
(d) −p
9 − x2
dx =  x 9 − x 2 + 2 arcsin 
 3−p
M1

p p
= p 9 − p 2 + 2 arcsin + p 9 − p 2 + 2 arcsin A1
3 3
 p
= 2 p 9 − p 2 + 4 arcsin  AG
3

(e) 11 – 2p2 = 0 M1
 11 
p = 2.35   A1
 2 
 
Note: Award A0 for p = ±2.35.

1 1
−
(9 − x 2
)2 (−4 x) + x(11 − 2 x )(9 − x )
2 2 2
(f) (i) f″(x) = M1A1
9 − x2
− 4 x(9 − x ) + x(11 − 2 x 2 )
2
= 3
A1
(9 − x2 ) 2

− 36 x + 4 x 3 + 11x − 2 x 3
= 3
A1
(9 − x 2
)2
x(2 x 2 − 25)
= 3
AG
(9 − 2 2
x )

IB Questionbank 35
 (ii) EITHER
When 0 < x < 3, f″(x) < 0. When – 3 < x < 0, f″(x) > 0. A1
OR
f″(0) = 0 A1
THEN
Hence f″(x) changes sign through x = 0, giving a point of inflexion. R1
EITHER
25
x=± is outside the domain of f. R1
2
OR
25
x=± is not a root of f″(x) = 0. R1
2
[21]

38. (a)

A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for correct shape, A1 for points of intersection
and A1 for symmetry.

IB Questionbank 36
 1
(b) 
A = 2 ( x − x 2 )dx
0
M1
1
 x2 x3 
= 2 −  A1
 2 3 0
1 1
= 2 −  (A1)
 2 3
1
= square units A1
3
[7]

39. xey = x2 + y2
dy dy
e y + xe y = 2x + 2 y M1A1A1A1A1
dx dx
dy
(1, 0) fits  1+ =2+0
dx
dy
 =1 A1
dx
Equation of tangent is y = x + c
(1, 0) fits  c = –1
 y=x–1 A1
[7]

40. (a) ln e2–2x = ln2e–x M1

2 – 2x = ln(2e–x) (A1)
= ln 2 – x (A1)
x = 2 – ln 2 A1
 e2 
 x = ln e 2 − ln 2 = ln 
 
 2 

dy
(b) = −2e 2 − 2 x + 2e − x M1A1
dx
dy
= 0 for a minimum point (M1)
dx
–2e2–2x + 2e–x = 0
 e2–2x = e–x (A1)
 2 – 2x = –x (A1)
 x=2 A1
 y = e–2 – 2e–2 = –e–2 A1
(  minimum point is (2, –e–2))

(c)

IB Questionbank 37
 A1A1A1

(d) 2 distinct roots provided –e–2 < k < 0 A1A1

[16]

2(ln( x − 2))
41. f′(x) = M1A1
x−2
 1 
( x − 2)  − 2 ln( x − 2)  1
 x−2
f″(x) = M1A1
( x − 2) 2
2 − 2 ln( x − 2)
= A1
( x − 2) 2
f″(x) = 0 for point of inflexion (M1)
 2 – 2 ln(x – 2) = 0
ln (x – 2) = 1 A1
x–2=e
x=e+2 A1
 f(x) = (ln(e + 2 – 2))2 = (ln e)2 = 1 A1
(  coordinates are (e + 2, 1))
[9]

IB Questionbank 38
42. EITHER
(ln x) 3
e
1 x
dx

y = (ln x)4 M2
A1

1
(lnx) 3
e

x
1
dx = (ln x) 4
4
 e
1 A1

1 1
= [1 − 0] = A1
4 4

OR
Let u = ln x M1
du 1
= A1
dx x
When x = 1, u = 0 and when x = e, u = 1 A1
1
 u
3
du A1
0
1
1  1
  u4  = A1
4 0 4
[5]

43. 4 – x2 ≥ 0 for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 A1
and 4 – x2 ≤ 0 for 2 ≤ x ≤ 4 A1
2 4
I=  0
(4 − x 2 )dx + 
2
( x 2 − 4)dx M1A1
2 4
 x3   x3 
= 4 x −  +  − 4 x  A1A1
 3 0  3 2
8 64 8
= 8− + − 16 − + 8 (= 16) A1
3 3 3
[7]

IB Questionbank 39
 1
x − ln x  1
44. (a) (i) Attempting to use quotient rule f′(x) = x (M1)
x2
1 − ln x
f′(x) = A1
x2
 1
x 2  −  − (1 − ln x)2 x
 x
f″(x) = (M1)
x4
2 ln x − 3
f″(x) = A1
x3
Stationary point where f′(x) = 0 M1
i.e. ln x = 1 , (so x = e) A1
f″(e) < 0 so maximum. R1AG N0

1
(ii) Exact coordinates x = e, y = A1A1 N2
e

(iii) Solving f″(0) = 0 M1

3
ln x = (A1)
2
3
x = e2 A1 N2

IB Questionbank 40
 5 ln x
(b) Area = 1 x
dx A1

EITHER
Finding the integral by substitution/inspection
1
u = ln x, du = dx (M1)
x
u 2
 (ln x) 2 
udu = =
2  2 
 M1A1

5
 (ln x) 2 
Area = 
1 2
(
 = (ln 5) − (ln 1)
2
) A1
 2 1 2
1
Area = (ln 5) 2 A1 N2
2
OR
Finding the integral I by parts (M1)
1 1
u = ln x, dv =  du = , v = ln x
x x
1
 
I = uv – udv = (ln x) 2 − ln x dx = (ln x) 2 − I
x
M1
2
(ln x )
 2 I = (ln x) 2  I = A1
2
5
 (ln x) 2 
Area = 
1 2
(
 = (ln 5) − (ln 1)
2
) A1
 2 1 2
1
Area = (ln 5) 2 A1 N2
2
[18]

45. (a) (i) 18(x – 1) = 0  x = 1 A1

(ii) vertical asymptote: x = 0 A1

horizontal asymptote: y = 0 A1

(iii) 18(2 – x) = 0  x = 2 M1A1

36(2 − 3) 9
f″(2) = 3
= − < 0 hence it is a maximum point R1
2 2
9
When x = 2, f(x) = A1
2
  9 
 f (x) has a maximum at  2,  
  2 

(iv) f(x) is concave up when f″(x) > 0 M1

36(x – 3) > 0  x > 3 A1

IB Questionbank 41
 (b)

A1A1A1A1A1
Note: Award A1 for shape, A1 for maximum, A1 for
x-intercept, A1 for horizontal asymptote and A1 for
vertical asymptote.
[14]

46. Substituting u = x + 2  u – 2 = x, du = dx (M1)

x (u − 2) 3
 ( x + 2) 2
dx =  u2
du A1

u 3 − 6u 2 + 12u − 8
=  u2
du A1

12
=  
udu + (−6)du +  u 
du − 8u − 2 du A1

u
= – 6u + 12 ln │u│– 8u–1 + c A1
2
( x + 2) 2 8
= − 6( x + 2) + 12 ln x + 2 + +c A1 N0
2 x+2
[6]

IB Questionbank 42
47. x = 2 sin θ
x2 = 4 sin2 θ
4 – x2 = 4 – 4 sin2 θ
= 4(1 – sin2 θ)
= 4 cos2 θ
4 − x 2 = 2 cos  A1
dx
= 2 cos θ M1
d
When x = 1, 2 sin θ = 1
1
 sin θ =
2
π
 = A1
6

When x = 3 , 2 sin  = 3
3
 sin θ =
2
π
 = A1
3

3
Let I = 1
4 − x 2 dx
π
I =  3
π 2 cos   2 cos d
6
π
I = 
4 π3 cos 2 d A1
6

IB Questionbank 43
 1
Now cos2 θ = (cos 2θ + 1)
2
π


 I = 2 π3 cos 2 + 1d M1A1
6
π
1 3
 I = 2 sin 2 +   M1A1
2 π
6

1 2π π   1 π π
 I = 2 sin +  − 2 sin +  (M1)
2 3 3 2 3 6
3 2π 3 π  π
I = + − − =  A1
2 3 2 3  3
[11]

48. (a) METHOD 1

f(x) = ln(1 + ex); f(0) = ln 2 A1
ex 1
f ′(x) = ; f ′(0) = A1
1+ e x
2
1 1
Note: Award A0 for f′(x) = ; f ′(0) =
1+ e x
2

e x (1 + e x ) − 2e 2 x 1
f ″(x) = ; f (0) = M1A1
(1 + e ) x 2
4

1
Note: Award M0A0 for f ″(x) if f ′(x) = is used
1+ e x
1 1
ln(1 + ex) = ln 2 + x + x 2 + ... M1A1
2 8

METHOD 2
1 2
ln(1 + ex) = ln(1 + 1 + x + x + ...) M1A1
2
1 1
= ln 2 + ln(1 + x + x 2 + ...) A1
2 4
2
1 1  11 1 
= ln 2 +  x + x 2 + ... −  x + x 2 + ... + ... A1
2 4  22 4 
1 1 2 1 2
= ln 2 + x + x − x + ... A1
2 4 8
1 1 2
= ln 2 + x + x + ... A1
2 8

(b) METHOD 1

IB Questionbank 44
 x4
2 ln 2 + x +
+ x 3 terms & above − x − ln 4
2 ln(1 + e ) − x − ln 4
x
4
lim = lim
x →0 x2 x →0 x2
M1A1
1  1
= lim + powers of x  = M1A1
x →0 4  4
Note: Accept + … as evidence of recognition of cubic and higher powers.
Note: Award M1A0M1A0 for a solution, which omits the cubic and higher powers.

METHOD 2
using l’Hôpital’s Rule
2 ln(1 + e x ) − x − ln 4 2e x  (1 + e x ) − 1
lim = lim M1A1
x →0 x2 x →0 2x
2e  (1 + e x ) 2 1
x
= lim = M1A1
x →0 2 4
[10]

IB Questionbank 45
49. (a) EITHER
use the substitution y = vx
dv
x + v = v +1 M1A1
dx
dx
dv =
x 
by integration
y
v= = lnx + c A1
x
OR
the equation can be rearranged as first order linear
dy 1
− y =1 M1
dx x
the integrating factor I is
1
 − x dx 1
e = e −ln x = A1
x
multiplying by I gives
d 1  1
 y =
dx  x  x
1
y = ln x + c A1
x
THEN
the condition gives c = –1 M1A1
so the solution is y = x (ln x – 1) AG

(b) (i) f ′(x) = ln x – 1 + 1 = ln x A1

1
f ″(x) = A1
x
1
f ′′′(x) = − 2 A1
x

(ii) the Taylor series about x = 1 starts

( x − 1) 2 ( x − 1) 3
f(x) ≈ f(1) + f′(1)(x – 1) + f″(1) + f (1) (M1)
2! 3!
( x − 1) 2
( x − 1) 3
= –1 + − A1A1A1
2! 3!
[12]

IB Questionbank 46
 f (x ) =
cos x
50. (a) M1A1
1 + sin x

− sin x(1 + sin x ) − cos 2 x

f (x ) = M1
(1 + sin x )2
− sin x −1
= A1
(1+ sin x )2
−1
= AG
1 + sin x

f (x ) =
cos x
(b) A1
(1+ sin x )2
− sin x(1 + sin x ) − 2 (1 + sin x ) cos 2 x
2
f iv
(x ) = A1
(1+ sin x )4
f (0) = 0, f (0) = 1, f (0) = − 1, f ′′(0) = 1, f iv (0) = −2 (A2)
Note: Award A1 for 2 errors and A0 for more than 2 errors.
x2 x3 x4
ln (1 + sin x) = x − + − + ... M1A1
2 6 12

x2 x3 x4
(c) ln (1 − sin x) = ln(1 + sin (−x)) = −x − − − + ... M1A1
2 6 12

(d) Adding, M1
ln (1 − sin2 x) = ln cos2 x A1
x4
= − x2 − + ... A1
6
x2 x4
ln cos x = − − + ... A1
2 12
x2 x4
ln sec x = + + ... AG
2 12

IB Questionbank 47
 ln sec x x x2 x
(e) = + + ... M1
x x 2 12
Limit = 0 A1
[18]

51. EITHER
π π 1
sin x −
0
4
cos x
dx = 
0
4 sin x(cos) 2 dx (M1)

π
 1 4
 cos 2 x 
= −  (M1)A1A1
 1 
 2  0

 
π
= − 2 cos x 4
0

π
= − 2 cos + 2 cos 0 A1A1
4
3
=2– 24 A1

OR
Let u = cos x (M1)
du
= − sin x (M1)
dx
π 1
when x = , u = A1
4 2
when x = 0, u = 1 A1
π 1 1 1
sin x 1
0
4
cos x
dx = 2 − 1 du =
1   1
2 −u 2 du (M1)
u2
1
 1
 2
= − 2u 2  A1
  1
 2
3


= − 1 +2 = 2−24  A1
 
24  
[7]

IB Questionbank 48
52. (a) OP = a 2 + (a 2 − 5) 2 M1
= a 2 + a 4 − 10a 2 + 25 A1
= a − 9a + 25
4 2
AG

(b) EITHER

Let s = a 4 − 9a 2 + 25
 s2 = a4 – 9a2 + 25
ds 2
= 4a3 – 18a = 0 M1A1
da
ds 2
= 0 for minimum (M1)
da
 2a(2a2 – 9) = 0
9
 a2 =
2
3  3 2 
a= = A1A1
2  2 

OR
1
s = ( a − 9a +
4 2
25) 2
1
ds 1 4 −
= (a − 9a 2 + 25) 2 (4a 3 − 18a) M1A1
da 2
ds
= 0 for a minimum (M1)
da
4a3 – 18a = 0
 2a(2a2 – 9) = 0
9
 a2 =
2
3  3 2 
a= = A1A1
2  2 
[7]

IB Questionbank 49