R

TE

13
P
CHA

Nuclei

Atomic Nucleus, Its Size, Density Radioactive Decay Law, Half-Life

and Weight and Average Life and Activity of a
Radioactive Substance
1. A nucleus of mass number 189 splits into two nuclei having
mass number 125 and 64. The ratio of radius of two daughter
5. The half life of a radioactive sample undergoing α-decay
nuclei respectively is : (2022)
is 1.4 × 1017 s. If the number of nuclei in the sample is
a. 25 : 16
2.0 × 1021, the activity of the sample is nearly.
b. 1 : 1
[RC] (2020-Covid)
c. 4 : 5
a. 10 Bq5
b. 10 Bq6
d. 5 : 4
c. 10 Bq3
d. 104 Bq
2. The energy equivalent of 0.5 g of a substance is : (2020)
6. For a radioactive material, half-life is 10 minutes. If initially
a. 4.5 × 1013 J
there are 600 number of nuclei, the time taken (in minutes)
b. 1.5 × 1013 J
for the distintegration of 450 nuclei is [RC] (2018)
c. 0.5 × 1013 J
a. 30 b. 10
d. 4.5 × 1016 J
c. 20 d. 15
3. If radius of the 1227Al nucleus is taken to be RAl, then the radius
7. Radioactive material ‘A’ has decay constant ‘8λ’ and material
of Te nucleus is nearly: (2015)
125

‘B’ has decay constant ‘λ’. Initially they have same number
53

5 3 of nuclei. After what time, the ratio of number of nuclei of

a. R Al b. R Al
3 5 material ‘A’ to that of ‘B’ will be 1/e? [RC] (2017-Delhi)
1 1
13 3
c.   R Al
 53  3
d.   R Al a. 1 b. 1
 53   13  7λ 8λ

c. 1 d. 1
9λ λ
Mass Energy, Nuclear Binding
8. The half-life of a radioactive substance is 30 minutes. The
Energy and Nuclear Force
time (in minutes) taken between 40% decay and 85% decay
of the same radioactive substance is: [RC] (2016 - II)
4. A nucleus with mass number 240 breaks into two fragments a. 45 b. 60
each of mass number 120, the binding energy per nucleon of
unfragmented nuclei is 7.6 MeV while that of fragments is c. 15 d. 30
8.5 MeV. The total gain in the Binding Energy in the process 9. A radio isotope X with a half life of 1.4 × 109 years decays
is: (2021) to Y which is stable. A sample of the rock from a cave was
a. 9.4 MeV found to contain X and Y in the ratio 1 : 7. The age of the
b. 804 MeV rock is: [RC] (2014)
c. 216 MeV a. 1.96 × 109 years b. 3.92 × 109 years
d. 0.9 MeV c. 4.20 × 109 years d. 8.40 × 109 years
Nuclei 2

10. The half life of a radioactive isotope ‘X’ is 20 years. It decays 14. A radioactive nucleus A
X undergoes spontaneous decay in
Z
to another element ‘Y’ which is stable. The two elements ‘X’ the sequence
and ‘Y’ were found to be in the ratio 1 : 7 in a sample of a
given rock. The age of the rock is estimated to be:
Z X → Z −1B → Z − 3C → Z − 2 D , where Z is the atomic number of
A

[RC] (2013) element X. The possible decay particles in the sequence are:
a. 100 years b. 40 years (2021)
c. 60 years d. 80 years a. a, b+, b– b. b+, a, b–
c. b , a, b
– +
d. a, ­b–, b+

Alpha, Beta and Gamma Decay 235

15. When a uranium isotope 92 U is bombarded with a neutron,
89
11. What happens to the mass number and atomic number of an it generates 36 Kr, three neutrons and : (2020)
element when it emits γ-radiation? [RC] (2020-Covid) 91 101
a. Zr b. Kr
a. Mass number and atomic number remain unchanged. 40 36
b. Mass number remains unchanged while atomic number 103
decreases by one c. Kr d. 144 Br
36 56
c. Mass number increases by four and atomic number
increases by two 16. The binding energy per nucleon of 73Li and 42 He nuclei are
d. Mass number decreases by four and atomic number 5.60 MeV and 7.06 MeV, respectively. In the nuclear reaction
decreases by two
7
3
Li + 11 H → 42 He + 42 He + Q the value of energy Q released
12. α-particle consists of : [RC] (2019) is: (2014)
a. 2 protons and 2 neutrons only a. 19.6 MeV b. –2.4 MeV
b. 2 electrons, 2 protons and 2 neutrons c. 8.4 MeV d. 17.3 MeV
c. 2 electrons and 4 protons only
d. 2 protons only
Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Reactions 17. A certain mass of Hydrogen is changed to Helium by the
process of fusion. The mass defect in fusion reaction is
13. In the given nuclear reaction, the element X is : 0.02866 u. The energy liberated per u is (given 1 u = 931

22
11
Na → X + e+ + ν (2022) MeV): (2013)
a. 22
12
Mg b. Na22
11 a. 13.35 MeV b. 2.67 MeV
c. 22
10
Ne d. 22
10
Ne c. 26.7 MeV d. 6.675 MeV

Answer Key
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
d a a c d c a b c c a a d b d d d