Operating Systems GIT | Lesson 03

- Operating Systems -

• A computer consisted of,

1. Hardware – Tangible Things
2. Software – Intangible Things
3. Firmware – Booting
4. Liveware – Users

• Software Classification.

• What is a system software?

A system software is designed to provide a platform for other software. It includes,
- Operating System
- Utility Software
- Language Translators

• What is an Operating System?

An operating system is a system software that manages computer hardware, software
resources, and provides common services for computer programs (Intermediator). It
also, acts as an interface between the end-user and hardware.
Ex: Windows, Linux, Ubuntu, etc

• Functions of operating system.

a) Manage the hardware and software of a computer
b) Provides a user interface
c) Handle Input/Output Operation
d) Resource Allocation

Prepared by Mrs. Thamalie Ariyarathne Page | 8

Operating Systems GIT | Lesson 03

a) Manage the hardware and software of a computer

▪ Process Management
▪ Memory Management
▪ Device Management
▪ File Management
▪ Security Management
▪ Network Management

b) Provides a user interface

1. Command Line Interface (CLI)
Ex. DOS, CP/M, Apple DOS

2. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Ex: Microsoft Windows, macOS, Ubuntu

Prepared by Mrs. Thamalie Ariyarathne Page | 8

Operating Systems GIT | Lesson 03

• Categories of operating systems.

▪ Stand-alone operating systems
▪ Network operating systems (NOS)
▪ Embedded operating systems

- Files and Folders -

• What is a File?
- A document, song, picture or any other similar thing saved in a computer is
known as a File.
- A file consisted of 2 parts.
1. File Name : To identify the file
2. File Extension: To identify the software which the file was created

• What is a Folder?
- The place where we store files is known as a Folder.

Prepared by Mrs. Thamalie Ariyarathne Page | 8