Properties of

coumpaunds
 Ionic
Ocompaunds
Ionic Ocompaunds form hard brittle
crystals that have high meltings points.
They conduct electric current when
dissolved in a water or melted
Ion ic
cr ys tals
The ions form an orderly, three-dimensional arrangement
called a crystal. Every ion in an ionic compound is
attracted to ions of an opposite charge that surround it.
The pattern formed by the lons is the same no matter
what the size of the crystal.
 High
Melting
point
The ions in the crystal have to break apart for an ionic compound to melt.
It takes a huge amount of energy to separate the lons in a crystal
because the attraction between the positive and negative lons is so
great. As a result, many lonic compounds have very high melting points.
For example, the melting point of calcium oxide is 2,613°C
 Electrical
Conduvtivity
Electric current involves the flow of charged
particles. When lonic crystals dissolve in water or
melt, the ions are free to move about, and the
sohition cun conduct current. In contrast, Jonic
compounds in solid form do not conduct current
well. The ions in a solid crystal are tightly bound to
each other and cannot move trom place to place
charged particles cannot move, there is no
current
Properties of
Covalent Compounds
Molecular compounds differ somewhat
in their properties dependingon
whether they are polar or nonpola. This
is because of differences in attractions
between their molecules.
Convalent compound exist as
molecules. Because of this
they areknown as molecular
compounds to melt, their
melting points relatively low.
These materials are made up
of molecular compounds,
which do not conduct heat or
electricity.
Molecular and ionic properties
The table shows the melting and boiling
points of a few molecular compounds and
ionic compounds.

melting point boiling point

substance formula
(°C) (°C)

Calcium chloride CaC| 2 782 1,670

Isopropyl alcohol C3H8O -88.5 82.5

Octane C8H18 -56.8 125.6

Sodium chloride NaCI 800.7 1,465

Water H 2O 0 100