11th GRADE

POLARITY
of
MOLECULE
PHYSICAL SCIENCE

GROUP # 3 Date:2022.02.29

https://www.freeppt7.com
 01
INTRODUCTION
Molecule
 INTRODUCTION
MOLECULE
Molecule is a group of two
or more atoms held
together by chemical
bonds.
01 02 03 04
SUCROSE/ TABLE CAFFEINE /
OZONE. NITROGEN
SUGAR. COFFEE
 02
POLARIT Y
POLARIT Y

Polarity refers to the

distribution of electric charge
around atoms , chemical
groups , or molecules.

DIPOLES =”two
poles”
 POLAR
MOLECULES
WATER

Life exist in Earth because it

has enough water .

Water is the universal

solvent, it is capable of
dissolving alot of substances.
 03
2 FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE
POLARIT Y OF MOLECULES
 POLAR
MOLECULES

1. Polarity of bonds based 2. The Geometrical shape of

on Electronegativity the molecules based on

difference of the atoms Valence Shell Electron Pair

involved and; Repulsion Theory ( VSEPR )

theory.
LINUS PAULING
1901 - 1994
AMERICAN CHEMIST
PERIODIC TABLE of
ELEMENTS
- We could use the Electronegativity
values of the atoms involved to get the
absolute electronegativity difference to
help us predict what type of chemical
bond would exist  between them .

POLAR
IONIC COVALENT BOND

NONPOLAR
BOND
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
TYPE of COMPOUND
DIFFERENCE
(Bond Polarity)
( EN )

> 1.7 IONIC

0.5 to 1.7 POLAR COVALENT BOND

< 0.4 NONPOLAR BOND

EXAMPLE:

1. Ca and Cl
2. Cl and CI
3. H and Cl
 ELECTRONEGATIVITY ELECTRONEGATIVITY
ELEMENTS TYPE OF BOND
VALUES DIFFERENCE
Calcium ( Ca ) 1.0
| -2.0 | = 2.0 IONIC BOND
Chlorine ( Cl ) 3.0
NONPOLAR
Chlorine ( Cl ) 3.0
0 COVALENT
Chlorine ( Cl ) 3.0
BOND
POLAR
Hydrogen ( H ) 2.1 COVALENT
| - 0.9 | = 0.9
Chlorine ( Cl ) 3.0 BOND

ELECTRONEGATIVITY DIFFERENCE TYPE of COMPOUND

( EN ) (Bond Polarity)

> 1.7 IONIC

0.5 to 1.6 POLAR COVALENT BOND
< 0.4 NONPOLAR BOND
 POLAR COVALENT
BOND
-Polar Covalent bond, the atoms
have an unequal sharing of
electrons. The bonded pair of
atoms form an electric dipole
represented by this symbol.

+δ -δ
+δ -δ

HYDROCHLORIC ACID
(HCL)
 04
COVALENT AND IONIC
 IONIC
r

• Ionic Compounds are made up of ions rather than

molecules. Instead of sharing electrons in covalent
bonds, ionic compound atoms transfer electrons from
one atom to another to form an ionic bond that relies
on electrostatic attraction to keep the atoms together.

COVALENT

• Covalent Compound is a molecule formed by covalent

bonds, in which the atoms share one or more pairs of
valence electrons.
 How about those consisting of more than two atoms like

H2O,  CCI4,  NH3, CO2?

• For polyatomic molecules, both the bond polarity and

molecular shape determine the overall molecular polarity.

• In terms of molecular geometry, the valence shell

electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory would help us to
determine the spatial arrangement of atoms in a
polyatomic molecule.
 MOLECULAR
GEOMETRY
Molecular Geometry or Molecular structure is the three
dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule it
is related to different properties like color, phase,
magnetism, chemical reactivity, POLARITY
SHAPES UNDER VSEPR
THEORY
 S teps on Determining the
Molecular Geometry of a
Substance
Step 1 - Determine the central atom of the molecule.

Step 2. - Draw the appropriate Lewis Dot Structure for

the molecule.

Step 3 - count the number of bonding and non-bonding pairs (lone

pairs) around the central atom.

Step 4 -  Determine the electron pair orientation using the total

number of electron pairs.

Step 5 -  identify the shape or Molecular geometry.

Step 1 - Determine the central atom.

EN C = 2.5 EN O = 3.5
COO
Step 2. - Draw the Lewis Dot Structure.

.. ..
.. ..
Step 3 - CO2 has two bonding pairs of electrons.
.. ..
.. ..
Step 4 - The electron pair orientation for two
electron pair is linear.
.. ..
.. ..
Step 5 - The Molecular shape is
Linear.
LESSON 3

Thank you for

listening ！
https://www.freeppt7.com
 GROUP MEMBERS
ANGELIE FAITH NATHALIE
TRAZARES AQUINO

ZES MAEL
SALON HERO THANIAH
PELENIO CARDENTE
LESSON 3

Thank you ！
POLARITY of PHYSICAL SCIENCE
MOLECULE

https://www.freeppt7.com