Ionic Equilibrium

1. The most important buffer in the blood consists of [salt ]

9. Henderson’s equation is pH  pK a + log . If
(a) HCl and Cl 
(b) H 2 CO 3 and HCO 3 [acid ]
the acid gets half neutralized the value of pH will
(c) H 2 CO 3 and Cl  (d) HCl and HCO 3
be : [ pK a  4.30 ]
2. The solubility product of AgI at 25 C is
(a) 4.3 (b) 2.15
1 . 0  10 16 mol 2 L2 . The solubility if AgI in 10 4 N
(c) 8.60 (d) 7
solution of KI at 25 C is approximately (in mol 10. The pH of a 0.01 M solution of acetic acid having
l 1 )
degree of dissociation 12.5% is
(a) 1 . 0  10 8 (b) 1 . 0  10 16 (a) 5.623 (b) 2.903
(c) 1 . 0  10 12 (d) 1 . 0  10 10 (c) 3.723 (d) 4.509
M 11. Which of the following solutions will have
3. The pH of the solution: 5 mL of , HCl  10 mL of
5 pH close to 1.0
M M M
NaOH is (a) 100 ml of HCl  100 ml of NaOH
10 10 10
(a) 5 (b) 3 M M
(b) 55 ml of HCl  45 ml of NaOH
(c) 7 (d) 8 10 10
4. Given that the dissociation constant for H 2O is M M
(c) 10 ml of HCl  90 ml of NaOH
10 10
Kw  1  10 14 mole 2 / litre 2 . What is the pH of a 0.001
M M
molar KOH solution (d) 75 ml of HCl  25 ml of NaOH
5 5
(a) 10 11 (b) 10 3 12. In which of the following solvents will AgBr have
(c) 3 (d) 11 the highest solubility
5. The pH of 0.1 M solution of the following salts (a) 10 3 M NaBr (b) 10 3 M NH 4 OH
increases in the order
(c) Pure water (d) 10 3 M HBr
(a) NaCl  NH 4 Cl  NaCN  HCl
13. How many grams of CaC 2 O4 will dissolve in
(b) HCl  NH 4 Cl  NaCl  NaCN
distilled water to make one litre of saturated
(c) NaCN  NH 4 Cl  NaCl  HCl solution ? (Solubility product of CaC 2 O4 is
(d) HCl  NaCl  NaCN  NH 4 Cl 2 .5  10 9 mole 2 litre 2 and its molecular weight is
6. The degree of hydrolysis in hydrolytic equilibrum 128)
 
A  H 2O ⇌ HA  OH at salt concentration of (a) 0.0064 gm (b) 0.0128 gm
0.001 M is (c) 0.0032 gm (d) 0.0640 gm

K a  1  10 5  14. The solubility product of

31 44 54
CuS , Ag 2 S , HgS are
10 , 10 , 10 respectively. The solubilities of
(a) 1  10 3 (b) 1  10 4
these sulphides are in the order
(c) 5  10 4 (d) 1  10 6
(a) Ag 2 S  CuS  HgS (b) Ag 2 S  HgS  Cus
7. If pK b for fluoride ion at 25 o C is 10.83, the
(c) HgS  Ag 2 S  Cus (d) CuS  Ag 2 S  HgS
ionisation constant of hydrofluoric acid in water
at this temperature is 15. The solubility product constant K sp of Mg(OH )2 is

(a) 1.74  10 3 (b) 3 .52  10 3 9 . 0  10 12 . If a solution is 0.010 M with respect to

(c) 6.75  10 4 (d) 5 .38  10 2 Mg 2  ion, what is the maximum hydroxide ion
8. If the hydrogen ion concentration of a given concentration which could be present without
solution is 5 .5  10 3 1
mol litre , the pH of the causing the precipitation of Mg (OH )2

solution will be (a) 1 . 5  10 7 M (b) 3 . 0  10 7 M

(a) 2.26 (b) 3.40
(c) 1 . 5  10 5 M (d) 3 . 0  10 5 M
(c) 3.75 (d) 2.76
 Ionic Equilibrium

16. If the Kb value in the hydrolysis reaction (a) One mole of HC2 H 3 O2 and 0.5 mole of NaOH
B  H 2 O ⇄ BOH  H
 
is 1.0  10 ,6
then the (b) One mole of NH 4 Cl and one mole of HCl
hydrolysis constant of the salt would be (c) One mole of NH 4 OH and one mole of NaOH
6 7
(a) 1 .0  10 (b) 1 .0  10 (d) One mole of HC2 H 3 O2 and one mole of HCl
8
(c) 1 .0  10 (d) 1 .0  10 9 24. Which of the following base is weakest
17. For a sparingly soluble salt A p Bq , the relationship
(a) NH 4 OH : K b  1 .6  10 6
of its solubility product (LS ) with its solubility (S )
(b) C 6 H 5 NH 2 : K b  3 . 8  10 10
is
(a) Ls  S p  q . p p .q q (b) Ls  S p  q . p q .q p (c) C 2 H 5 NH 2 : K b  5 . 6  10 4

(c) Ls  S pq . p p .q q (d) Ls  S pq .( p.q)p  q (d) C 6 H 7 N : K b  6 . 3  10 10

18. Arrange NH 4 , H 2 O, H 3 O  , HF and OH  in 25. HClO is a weak acid. The concentration of H 

ions in 0.1 M solution of HClO (K a  5  10 8 ) will
increasing order of acidic nature
be equal to
(a) H 3 O   NH 4  HF  OH   H 2 O
(a) 7 .07  10 5 m (b) 5  10 9 m
(b) NH 4  HF  H 3 O   H 2 O  OH 
(c) 5  10 7 m (d) 7  10 4 m
(c) OH   H 2 O  NH 4  HF  H 3 O 
26. Upto what pH must a solution containing a
(d) H 3 O   HF  H 2 O  NH 4  OH  precipitate of Cr(OH )3 be adjusted so that all of
19. How many grams of CaC 2 O4 (molecular weight = precipitate dissolves
128) on dissolving in distilled water will give a (When Cr 3   0.1 mol / l, Ksp  6  10 31 )
saturated solution [Ksp (CaC 2O4 )  2.5  10 9 mol 2l 2 ]
(a) Upto 4.4 (b) Upto 4.1
(a) 0.0064 g (b) 0.1280 g (c) Upto 4.2 (d) Upto 4.0
(c) 0.0128 g (d) 1.2800 g 27. NH 4 Cl is acidic, because
20. If the concentration of CrO 4 ions in a saturated (a) On hydrolysis NH 4 Cl gives weak base NH 4 OH
4
solution of silver chromate is 2  10 . Solubility and strong acid HCl
product of silver chromate will be (b) Nitrogen donates a pair of electron
(a) 4  10 8 (b) 8  10 12 (c) It is a salt of weak acid and strong base
(c) 12  10 12
(d) 32  10 12 (d) On hydrolysis NH 4 Cl gives strong base and
21. According to Bronsted-Lowry concept, the correct weak acid
order of relative strength of bases follows the 28. A solution of weak acid HA containing 0.01 moles
order of acid per litre of solutions has pH  4 . The
(a) CH 3 COO   Cl   OH  percentage degree of ionisation of the acid and
the ionisation constant of acid are respectively
(b) CH 3 COO   OH   Cl 
(a) 1 %, 10 6 (b) 0 .01 %, 10 4
  
(c) OH  CH 3 COO  Cl
(c) 1 %, 10 4 (d) 0 .01 %, 10 6
(d) OH   Cl   CH 3 COO 
29. The pH of a buffer solution containg 0.2 mole per
22. H 2 SO 4  OH   SO 42   H 2 O Which is correct litre CH 3 COONa and 1.5 mole per litre CH 3 COOH is
about conjugate acid base pair (Ka for acetic acid is 1 .8  10 5 )
2 2
(a) HSO 4 is conjugate acid of base SO 4 (a) 4.87 (b) 5.8
(b) HSO 
is conjugate base of acid SO 2 (c) 2.4 (d) 9.2
4 4
30. 100 mL of 0.04 N HCl aqueous solution is mixsed
(c) SO 4 is conjugate acid of base HSO 4
with 100 mL of 0.02 N NaOH solution. The pH of
(d) None of these the resulting solution is
23. Which may be added to one litre of water to act as (a) 1.0 (b) 1.7
a buffer (c) 2.0 (d) 2.3
 Ionic Equilibrium

31. An alcoholic drink substance pH  4 . 7 then

OH ion concentration of this solution is
14 2 2
(Kw  10 mol / l )
10
(a) 3  10 (b) 5  10 10
(c) 1  10 10 (d) 5  10 8
32. In its 0.2 M solution, an acid ionises to an extent
of 60%. Its hydrogen ion concentration is
(a) 0.6 M (b) 0.2 M
(c) 0.12 M (d) None of these
33. pH of 0.1 M NH 3 aqueous solution is
(Kb  1 . 8  10 5 )
(a) 11.13 (b) 12.5
(c) 13.42 (d) 11.55
34. 40 mg of pure sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 10
litres of distilled water. The pH of the solution is
(a) 9.0 (b) 10
(c) 11 (d) 12
(e) 8
35. Solubility of PbI 2 is 0.005 M. Then, the solubility
product of PbI 2 is

(a) 6 .8  10 6
(b) 6 .8  10 6
(c) 2 .2  10 9
(d) None of these
36. A monoprotic acid in a 0.1 M solution ionizes to
0.001%. Its ionisation constant is
(a) 1 .0  10 3 (b) 1 .0  10 6
(c) 1 .0  10 8 (d) 1 .0  10 11
37. Select the pK a value of the strongest acid from the
following
(a) 1.0 (b) 3.0
(c) 2.0 (d) 4.5
38. At 90°C, pure water has H 3 O  ion concentration

of 10 6 mol / L1 . The K w at 90°C is

(a) 10 6 (b) 10 14

(c) 10 12 (d) 10 8
39. By adding 20 ml 0.1 N HCl to
20 ml 0.1 N KOH , the pH of the obtained solution
will be
(a) 0 (b) 7
(c) 2 (d) 9
 Ionic Equilibrium

ANSWER KEY :-

1. (b) Blood consists of H 2 CO 3  HCO 3 buffer solution.

2. (c) AgI ⇌ Ag   I  ; Ksp  S 2  10 4  S
(s) (s)

16
1 .0  10 mol 2
S  1  10 12
10  4 l2
1
3. (c) Milliequivalents of HCl  5  1
5
1
Milliequivalents of NaOH  10  1
10
M M
 5 ml HCl  10 ml HCl
5 5
Hence the solution will be neutral i.e., pH  7 .
4. (d) pH  14  pOH  14  3  11
5. (b) HCl is strong acid. In its .1M solution, [H  ]  0.1M and hence, pH  1
NH 4 Cl(aq ) hydrolyses in solution and give acidic solution which is less acidic than .1M
HCl . NaCl is not hydrolysed in aqueous solutions. Its pH  7 NaCN undergoes
hydrolysis in solution to give alkaline solution. So that pH increases in the order,
HCl  NH 4 Cl  NaCl  NaCN
Kw 10 14
6. (a) K h    10 9
Ka 1  10 5

Kh 1  10 9
Kh   2C ;     1  10  3
C .001
7. (c) Ka  Kb  Kw
Kw 10 14
K a    6.75  10 4
Kb 1 .48  10 11
8. (a) [H  ]  5.5  10 3 mole/litre
pH   log [H  ] ; pH   log [5 .5  10 3 ] ; pH  2 . 26
[Salt]
9. (a) pH  pK a  log
[Acid]
1
pH  4 .3  log 2  4 .3  log 1 ; pH  4 . 3  0  4 . 3
1
2
1 .25
10. (b) [H  ]  C   0 .01 
100
H   1 .25  10 3 ; pH  between 2 or 3  2.90
1
11. (d) M.eq. of HCl   75  15
5
1
M.eq. of NaOH  25  5
5
Total No. of eq.  15  5  10
Total volume = 100
 Ionic Equilibrium

10 1
Normality   , [H  ]  10 1 M
100 10
12. (b) AgBr are not dissolved in NaBr and HBr due to common ion effect. And pure water is
a neutral solvent. They do not have ions.
13. (a) CaC 2 O4 is a binary electrolyte. Then solubility is

S  K sp  2.5  10 9

 5  10 5 mole/l.  0.0064 gm/l.

14. (a)
15. (d) Mg (OH ) 2 ⇌ Mg   2OH2 
K sp  S (2 S )

K sp  S  4S 2
K sp 9  10 12
S2   2 .25  10 10
S 4 .010  4

S  2.25  10 10  1.5  10 5 m/l

Kw 10 14
16. (c) For hydrolysis of B  ; K H    10 8 .
Kb 10 6
17. (a) A p Bq ⇌ pA 1   qB p 

Ls  [ A q  ]p [B p  ]q  ( p  S )p (q  S )q  S p  q . p p .q q .

18. (c) H 3 O   HF  NH 4  H 2 O  OH  .
Acidic nature is decreasing order.

19. (a) Solubility of CaC 2 O4  K sp  2.5  10 9

 5  10 5 molL 1
 5  10 5  128  640  10 5  0 . 0064 g
20. (d) K sp of Ag 2 CrO 4  [ Ag  ] 2 [Cro 4  ]

CrO 4   2  10 4 then Ag   2  2  10 4

K sp  (4  10 4 )2 (2  10 4 )  32  10 12
21. (c) Relative strength of bases can be shown by their conjugated acids.
Conjugate acid of OH  is H 2O which is a weak acid conjugate acid of CH 3 COO  is
CH 3COOH which is stronger than H 2O . while conjugate acid of Cl  is HCl which is
strongest out of there. so the order of relative strength of bases is
OH   CH 3 COO   Cl  .

22. (a) HSO 4  OH   SO 42   H 2 O

Conjugate acid Conjugate base

23. (a) One mole oxalic acid & 0.5 mole of NaOH will make.
24. (b) Smallest value of Kb indicates that aniline (C2 H5 NH 2 ) is the weakest base.
25. (a) [H  ] 2  C .   0 .1  5  10 8

H   5  10 9  7.07  10 5 M.
26. (d) K sp  [Cr 3  ][OH  ]3

6  10 31
[OH ] 3  K sp / Cr 3    6  10  30
1  10 1
 Ionic Equilibrium

[OH ]  1.8  10 10

pOH  (log 1.8  log 10 10 )  10  0.25  1  11 .25
pH  14  11 .25  2 .27
27. (a) NH 3 Cl  H 2 O ⇌ NH 4 OH  HCl
NH 4 Cl is a salt of weak base & strong acid so solution will be acidic.
28. (a) H   C
H  10 4
   2  10  6
C 10
[Salt]
29. (a) pH  log K a  log
[Acid]
0 .2
  log [1 .8  10  5 ]  log  4 . 87
0 .1
30. (c) N1V1  .04  100  4
N 2 V2  .02  100  2
N 1 V1  N 2 V2  N 3 V3
4  2  N 3  200 , N 3  10 2 M
1 1
pH  log 10 
 log 10 2.
H 10  2
31. (b) pH  4 .7
pH  pOH  14 ; pH  14  4 .7 ; pOH  9 . 3
[OH  ]  Antilog [ pOH ]  Antilog [9 .3]

[OH  ]  5  10 10

***
32. (c) [H  ]  C .  ,  0.2  0.60  0.12 M
33. (a) NH 4 OH ⇌ NH 4  OH 

1 . 8  10 5
K b  C 2 ;   2 ;   1.34  10 3
.1
[OH  ]   . C  1 .34  10 3  .1
1
pOH  log 10 ; pOH  2 .87
1.34  10 4
pH  pOH  14 ; pH  2 . 87  14
pH  14  2 .87 ; pH  11 .13
Solute in 1 litre solution
34. (b) M 
Molecular weight of solute
40  10 3 1
   10  4 M
40 10
1 1
pOH  log 10  log 10 4
[OH  ] 10  4
pH  pOH  14 ; pH  4  14  pH  10 .
35. (d) PbI 2  Pb  I 2
x 2x
 Ionic Equilibrium

K sp  4 x 3  4(.005 )3  4  .005  .005  .4  10 6 .

36. (d)  Monoprotic acid HA
HA ⇌ H   A 
Ionisation constant = ?
0 .001
  0 .001 %   10  5
100
2 [10 5 ] 2
K   10 11 .
V 10
37. (a) pKa  then strongest acid
pKa  then weak acid
1
pKa 
Acidic strength
38. (c) H 3 O   H 2 O  H 
6
10 6 10 6 10
K w  [H 2 O][H  ] = [10 6 ][10 6 ]  10 12
39. (b) Neutralization reaction will takes place and form salt of strong acid and strong base.
Which does not hydrolysed and thus pH  7 .