TECHNICAL

DRAWING
 Ingredients of technology

Drawing
 Technical drawing is the method of
communication that is specific to the field of
technology

 It is used to represent the objects that we

design and built.
 Ingredients of technology

Drawing
 Now, let´s learn the basic drawing
instruments
 PENCIL
 Pencils
are made of wood and a graphite
core, called lead.

 Pencilleads are classified by hardness as

follows:

Soft Medium Hard Very hard

• Numbers: • Numbers: • Numbers: • Numbers:

0 or1 2 or 3 4 or 5 6 to 9
• Letters: • Letters: • Letters: H • Letters:
8B to 3B 2B, B, HB to 5H 6H to 10H
and F
 PENCIL
 Whenwe write, the graphite latch on to the
paper.

 If the pencil is a hard one the

amount of graphite is a bit
one, and the mark in the
paper is light.
 On the other hand if it´s a soft
one the amount of graphite is
bigger, and the mark is dark.
 PENCIL
 Hard Pencils are used
for plans and
technical drawing .

 Soft Pencils are used for

sketches and artistic drawing.
 PROPELLING PENCIL
 Propelling
pencils have a lead into a
body, commonly made of plastic.

 Propelling pencils provide lines of constant

thickness without sharpening.
 They are used in technical drawing (not in
artistic drawing) and writing.
 PROPELLING PENCIL
 Thelead of the propelling pencils can
have:
 Different hardness
 Different diameters, to fit into a lead into
the reservoir tube.

Hardness
Diameter
 RUBBER
 Rubbers
are used to correct errors made
when writing with pencil.

 Whitevinyl rubbers are

recommendes.

 When you erase:

 Follow the direction the line was draw in.
 Use smooth movements so the paper doesn´t
wrinkle
 TECHNICAL PEN
 Technical pens are used to trace over
with ink the lines previously drawn with a
pencil

 Technical
pens are
calibrated
and gives
the lines a
standarized
width.
 RULER
 Rulersare instruments used to draw straight
lines and measure segments.

Common ruler: It´s

marked along one side.

Engineer´s scale: It´s a

triangular prism on which
the six most common
scales are etched.
 SET OF SQUARES
 The set of squares are two right triangles used
to draw paralel and perpendicular lines.

 They let us to draw

differents angles
leg
combining the measures
of the angles of the set .
For example:
leg
90º+45º = 135º 30º+45º = 75º
60º+45º = 105º 90º+60º = 150º
 PROTACTOR
 The
protactor is used to measure or draw
angles.

 It
used to be semicircular
and is divided into 180
degrees.
 TEMPLATES
 Thestencils are used when standard symbols
are to be drawn repeatedly. They have
standard symbols cut in it.
 COMPASS
 Thecompass is an instrument used to draw
circunferences or circular arcs, as well as to
measure segments.
 It
can be adjusted to
hold a technical pen.
 Or with an
extension piece
to draw bigger
circunferences
 PAPER
 The
paper is the basis for all technical
drawings.

 Paper can be clasified by:

 Size
 Weight
 Finish
 PAPER (Size)
 Thereare different sizes of paper. They are
also called formats.

 Intechnical design, the most common

formats are the “A” series, based on the
DIN (Deutsche Industrienorm)
 PAPER (Size)
 A0 is a rectangle with an area of 1 m2.

 Each format is
calculated by
dividing the
previous
format in half.

 The format we usually use is the A4

(297x210 mm)
 PAPER (Weight)
 The weight of the paper indicates how thick or
thin it is.

 Usually
the weight is
indicated in grams
per square metre.

 More grams
implies a
thicker paper
 PAPER (Finish)
 The finish of the paper shows the appearance
of the surface of the paper.
 It can be rough or  It can be opaque or
smooth translucent

 It can be brilliant or
dull
 It can be white
or coloured