Part 2 - v3.6

Engineer Training
Train the Trainer

Agenda
Engineer Training
 Structuring a training session
 Adult Learning (know your audience)
 Presentation Skills
 Practice presentation
Confidential Train the Trainer 2

Structuring a Training Session
Engineer Training
When presentations are poorly organized, the impact of the

message is reduced, and the audience is less likely to learn.
POINT

Structuring a Training Session (cont.)
Engineer Training
 Modular
 Builds on one another
 From easy to harder
 For each subject

 Presentation
 Demonstration
 Hands on practice

Structuring a Training Session
Engineer Training
Main
Introduction presentation Summary

Overview/Introduction
Engineer Training
 Introduces the lecture topics

 Main points
 Quick “road map” of information
 Gets the attention and interest
 Helps in organizing the material
 Informs of agenda

An Effective Introduction
Engineer Training
 Keep it brief
 Don’t go into details of lecture
 Set the objectives
 Set expectations
 Relate to prior knowledge
 Try to get attention

Main Presentation
Engineer Training
Logical flow
 Every point leads to the next.
 Don’t jump from one topic to other.
 Connect the points.
Explain the details
 Use simple words.
 Use graphics when needed.
Use Examples

Main Presentation (Cont.)
Engineer Training
 Use Syllabus.
 Refer to Handouts.
 Answer only content relevant questions.

 Refer others to later.
 Ask questions.
 Don’t read from slides.

Summary/Conclusion
Engineer Training
 Reinforces message
 Summary of main points
 A closing grabber
 Provides a sense of closure
 Time for questions & answers

Effective Conclusion
Engineer Training
 End with a bang, not a whimper!!!
 Don’t give new information.
 Only review points.
 Review process/steps.
 Refer to your introduction.
 When summarizing a module, show where it fits in the big

picture.

Demonstrating
Engineer Training
 Demonstrate workflow.
 Highlight main features.
 Make sure all students can see.
 Do it slowly!!!

Hands on Practice
Engineer Training
 I hear and I forget.
 I see and I retain.
 I DO and I UNDERSTAND.

Hands on Practice
Engineer Training
 Practice makes better!

NO, on the
computer
 Insist on students completing
exercises.
 Instructor looks over shoulders to

offer help.
 Don’t DO IT for them.

Questions and Answers
Engineer Training
 Listen to the entire question.
 Repeat the question out loud.
 Pause to think if needed.
 Credit the person.
 Respond to the question.

The Answer!
Engineer Training
 Always tell the truth!!!

 If you don’t know the answer, promise to research.
 Get back to trainee with answer.
 Answer directly.
 Simple answer to simple question.
 Stay on track, brief and to the point.
 Refer to your speech.
 Helps reinforce & clarify presentation.

Questions and Answers (Cont.)
Engineer Training
 Anticipate areas of questioning and prepare.
 Acknowledge every question.

 If not appropriate, postpone.
?
Problem Solving
Engineer Training
 Investigate (the problem)
 Acknowledge
 Formulate solution
 Respond
 Follow up

Other Factors...
Engineer Training
 Time constraints
 Daily schedule
 Breaks
 Lunch
 No interruptions! Do NOT
Disturb
 Have all students present.

Class Set up
Engineer Training
 Define setup in advance.
 Be early.
 Set up class with appropriate computers and applications.
 Set up files and training materials.

Training Material
Engineer Training
 User Guide/Care & Maintenance Guide
 Technical notes
 Installation Guide
 Relevant drawings

Summary
Engineer Training
How should it be?

Adult Learning
Know Your
Audience
Table of Contents
Engineer Training
 Course audience
 Understanding different learning styles
 Culture differences
 Motivation
 Information processing
 Preventing learner overload

Know Your Audience
Engineer Training
 Key principle of a successful presentation.
 Preparation must include gathering information about

your audience and their needs.
A well prepared speech given to the wrong

audience can have the same effect as a poorly
prepared speech given to the correct audience. They
both can fail terribly.

Know your A-u-d-i-e-n-c-e
Engineer Training
Analysis - Who are they? How many will be there?

Understanding - What is their prior knowledge?
Demographics - What is their age, sex, background?
Interest - Why are they there? Who asked them?
Environment - Where will I stand? Can they all see?
Needs - What are their needs? What are your needs?
Customized - What specific needs to address?
Expectations - What do they expect to learn or hear?
Know your Audience
Engineer Training
 Who is your audience?
 What are their objectives?
 What is their prior knowlegde?
 What are their expectations?

Learning Styles
Engineer Training
 Individuals perceive and process information in very different

ways.
 How much individuals learn has more to do with whether the

educational experience is geared toward their particular style of
learning than whether or not they are "smart“.
 Educators should not ask, "Is this student smart?" but rather
"How is this student smart?"

Culture Differences
Engineer Training
 Be aware!
 Learn and prepare in advance.
 Adapt as much as possible.
 Customize to local needs.
 Be patient and ask for

patience.

Adult Learning
Engineer Training
 Issues Affecting Adult Learning:

 Learner’s Motivation
 Information Processing
 Applying Knowledge

Learner’s Motivation
Engineer Training
ARCS model - Kellers (1987)
 Getting learners Attention
 Keeping instruction Relevant
 Giving learners Confidence they can learn
 Maintaining interest by providing Satisfaction

Information Processing Elements
Engineer Training
 Before you start…

 Prior Knowledge
 Objectives
 Gain Attention

Information Processing Elements
Engineer Training (Cont.)
 Presentation
 Course Overview
 Focus Attention
 Level of Presentation
 Organize Material
 Transferring to Long Term Memory

Information Processing
Engineer Training
How would you cope with a
learner that does not understand your explanation?

Preventing Learner Overload
Engineer Training
 What is learner overload?
 Why does it occur?
 Learners need to process information.
 Learners cannot hold large amount of information in working

memory.

Preventing Learner Overload -
Engineer Training Suggestions
 Talk simply and explain more.
 Incorporate key learning points into notes.
 Do less while participants do more.
 Chunk training and distribute it over time.
 Give new learners “training wheels”.
 Detect and remedy overload situation.

Coping with Difficult Trainees
Engineer Training
 Involve participants.
 Acknowledge trainees ideas.
 Don’t get personal - be objective.
 Don’t give in to personal attackers - stick to the facts.
 Enlist other trainees help if it is disruptive to them as well.

Summary
Engineer Training
Learner centered instruction

 Objectives
 Needs
 Expectations
 Motivation
 Prior knowledge
 Personality type
 Learning Style
 Learning Capacity
Effective Customer Relations
Engineer Training
Listen to your customers -
Then talk

Presentation Skills
What Is a Winning Presentation?
Engineer Training
List the elements that influence a presentation.

Table of Contents
Engineer Training
 Overview
 Before You Begin...
 Using your Voice
 Body Language Skills
 Language and Style
 Demonstrating aids

Communication is...
Engineer Training
Verbal (content)
Vocal (How it is said)
Visual (What is seen)

Communication Success
Engineer Training
 7% VERBAL
 55% VISUAL
 38% VOCAL
Psychologist Albert Mehrabian

Before You Begin...
Engineer Training
“There are two types of speakers, those that are nervous, and those
that are Liars”. (Mark Twain)
 Prepare
 Positive self-messages
 Attitude towards yourself, teaching, material, audience

Prepare
Engineer Training
9 P’s
Prior Proper Preparation Prevents Poor

Performance of the Person Putting on the
Presentation.

Preparing Presentations
Engineer Training
 Know audience.
 Know subject matter.
 Know training material - Rehearse first 3 minutes.
 Prepare room.
 Check equipment.
 Handouts.

How Do People Use Their Voice?
Engineer Training

Using your VOICE
Engineer Training
 Breathing
 Projection
 Articulation
 Volume
 Variety
 Common Voice problems

Proper Breathing...
Engineer Training
 Good Breathing= Good Voice
 Relaxes
 Frees muscles for good speech
 Focuses thoughts
 Enables the right attitude

Projection
Engineer Training
 Projection
 Making yourself understood
 Bringing breath forward into sound
 Relax muscles and stand erect.
 Shouting tires voice, causes hoarseness.
 Projection gives POWER.

Articulation
Engineer Training
 Articulation - making yourself understood.
 Every sound is clearly heard.
 Articulate with consonants = t,d,p,b,v,f,k,c,g
 Enunciate with Vowels = A, I,O,E,U
 TIP! Consonants lost over distance – Exaggerate!

Variety
Engineer Training
 Add excitement, enthusiasm by varying:
 Pitch - tone
 Adds impact and drama.
 Pace
 Pause
 Volume
 Change for significant information or new mood.

Common Voice Problems
Engineer Training
 Nervousness
 Swallowed voice - Mumbling
 Thinking Noises: Um, Ah, Er
 Lip smacking
 Shouting
 Speaking too fast or slow
 Monotone

Body Language Skills
Engineer Training
Total body as a communication vehicle
Eye Contact
Facial expression
Dress
Gestures
Hands and Arms

Eye-to-Eye Communication
Engineer Training
 Engages audience, gains attention, improves impression,

provides feedback.
 HOW?
 Connect with audience, one person at a time.
 Look directly.
 Move eyes after 3-5 seconds.
 Speak to everyone.
 Do not shift gaze - left to right.
 Talk to audience not screen, projector, ceiling.

Facial Communication
Engineer Training
 Vary facial expression - put emotion into speaking.
 Don’t forget to SMILE!

Using Your Hands and Arms
Engineer Training

Using Your Hands and Arms
Engineer Training
 HOW ?
 Become conscious.
 Do not grip things or hands.
 Natural movements.
 Eliminate irritating movements.

 Jingling keys, waving, tapping.

Dress
Engineer Training
BE:
 Comfortable
 Appropriate
 Yourself

Using Language and Style
Engineer Training
 Be Specific.
 Explain ambiguities.
 Use simple words.
 Watch Abbreviations & Acronyms.
 Active voice.

Language and Style
Engineer Training
Watch:
 Grammar faults
 Jargon
 Slang

Spicing Up your speech
Engineer Training
Introduce:
 Examples
 Questions
 Case studies
 Stories
 Humor

Demonstrating
Engineer Training
 WHAT TO DO?
 Tell them what you are going to do.
 Demo it, or get class member to demo.
 Tell them what you have done.
 HOW?
 Project voice, Speak slowly.
 Maintain eye contact with audience.
 Only look at screen when needed.

Demonstrating - Tips and Tricks
Engineer Training
 DO:
 Make sure EVERY member can see the demonstration.
 Face and speak to audience, not monitor or machine.
 Use pointer to highlight items.
 Stand to the side.

Demonstrating - Do NOT
Engineer Training
Block line of sight to screen.
Create shadows.

Summary - Winning Presentations
Engineer Training
 Use your voice correctly

 Breathing, being heard, being understood, variety.
 Use your body

 Eye contact, expression, hands and arms, gestures, dress.
 Use correct language.
 Keep the audience interested.
 Demonstrate effectively.

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Engineer Training

Train the Trainer

 Structuring a training session

 Adult Learning (know your audience)

Confidential Train the Trainer 2

When presentations are poorly organized, the impact of the

Confidential Train the Trainer 3

 Builds on one another

 From easy to harder

 For each subject

Confidential Train the Trainer 4

Confidential Train the Trainer 5

 Introduces the lecture topics

 Gets the attention and interest

 Helps in organizing the material

Confidential Train the Trainer 6

 Set the objectives

 Relate to prior knowledge

 Try to get attention

Confidential Train the Trainer 7

 Every point leads to the next.

 Don’t jump from one topic to other.

 Connect the points.

Explain the details

 Use simple words.

 Use graphics when needed.

Confidential Train the Trainer 8

 Answer only content relevant questions.

 Don’t read from slides.

Confidential Train the Trainer 9

 Summary of main points

 Provides a sense of closure

 Time for questions & answers

Confidential Train the Trainer 10

 End with a bang, not a whimper!!!

 Don’t give new information.

 Only review points.

 Refer to your introduction.

 When summarizing a module, show where it fits in the big

Confidential Train the Trainer 11

 Highlight main features.

 Make sure all students can see.

Confidential Train the Trainer 12

 I hear and I forget.

 I see and I retain.

Confidential Train the Trainer 13

 Practice makes better!

 Instructor looks over shoulders to

 Don’t DO IT for them.

Confidential Train the Trainer 14

 Listen to the entire question.

 Repeat the question out loud.

 Pause to think if needed.

 Credit the person.

 Respond to the question.

Confidential Train the Trainer 15

 Always tell the truth!!!

Confidential Train the Trainer 16

 Anticipate areas of questioning and prepare.