MILITARISMO

GROUP 3
• Ang Militarismo ay paniniwala o pagnanais ng isang
pamahalaan o mga tao na ang isang bansa ay dapat
mapanatili ang isang malakas na kakayahan sa militar at
maging handa na gamitin ito agresibo upang ipagtanggol
o itaguyod ang pambansang

Kahulugan
• Militarism is a social/political approach that places great
importance on a strong military or invests high value on
military personnel and experience. The terms militarism
and militantism do not carry the same meaning. This
distinction is important, as certain cultures in the world
can be fairly labeled militaristic but not militant, and vice
versa. Militarism is a description of a culture’s attitude
toward their armed forces, while the term militant more
often refers to being rigid, confrontational, or aggressive
in defending a set of principles.

Kahulugan
• Noong ika-19 at unang bahagi ng ika-20 siglo, ang
kapangyarihan ng militar ay itinuturing na sukatan ng
pambansa at imperyal na lakas. Kailangan ng isang
makapangyarihang estado ang isang makapangyarihang
militar upang protektahan ang mga interes nito at
suportahan ang mga patakaran nito.

Bakit ba ito kailangan ?

• Noong ika-19 at unang bahagi ng ika-20 siglo, ang
kapangyarihan ng militar ay itinuturing na sukatan ng
pambansa at imperyal na lakas. Kailangan ng isang
makapangyarihang estado ang isang makapangyarihang
militar upang protektahan ang mga interes nito at
suportahan ang mga patakaran nito.

Bakit ba ito kailangan ?

• Kinakailangan ang mga strong armies at navies upang
ipagtanggol ang homeland; upang protektahan ang mga
interes sa imperyal at kalakalan sa ibang bansa, upang
pigilan ang mga banta at karibal.

Bakit ba ito kailangan ?

• Ang digmaan ay naiwasan kung saan posible ngunit
maaaring magamit din ito upang isulong ang pampulitika
o pang-ekonomiyang interes ng isang bansa (as the
famous Prussian theorist Carl von Clausewitz famously
wrote in 1832, war was “a continuation of policy by other
means”).

Bakit ba ito kailangan ?

• In the 19th century European mind, politics and military
power became inseparable, in much the same way that
politics and economic management have become
inseparable in the modern world. Governments and
leaders who failed to maintain armies and navies capable
of enforcing the will of their nation were considered
weak or incompetent.

Bakit ba ito kailangan ?

Saan ba ito nagsimula?
Sinong lider ang unang
nakapagpaisip nito ?
Infos
• After 1907, there was an increase in military influence on policy
making. This could be reflected particularly in Germany and Russia.
The German Army at this period was called a "State within the
State". The parliament and the politicians had to follow the General
Staff. They had no say in the army's design to preserve the
Fatherland. Even though the Schlieffen Plan would incur the anger
of Great Britain and bring the latter into a war, it was accepted by
the German civilian government as the war plan. In 1914, the
Russian generals were also able to force the Czar to accept full
mobilization. They threatened him with the danger of defeat if he
acted contrarily.

Increase in military control

of the civilian government
• After 1871, the war atmosphere engendered by the secret
alliances led to an armaments race among the powers.
The race was particularly serious between 1900 and
1914, as the international situation became much worse
than before. There was a significant rise in the army and
naval estimates of the European powers in these years.

Arms race
• The Total Defence Expenditure of the Powers (in million
£ ) (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Britain, France and
Russia) 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914 94 130 154 268
289 398 It is also important to take notice of the fact that
from 1910 to 1914, while France increased her defence
expenditure by 10%, Britain by 13%, Russia by 39%, and
Germany was the most militaristic as she increased by
73%. Increased war expenditure enabled all the powers to
raise more armies and improve their battleships.

Arms race
• The Total Defence Expenditure of the Powers (in million
£ ) (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Britain, France and
Russia) 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1914 94 130 154 268
289 398 It is also important to take notice of the fact that
from 1910 to 1914, while France increased her defence
expenditure by 10%, Britain by 13%, Russia by 39%, and
Germany was the most militaristic as she increased by
73%. Increased war expenditure enabled all the powers to
raise more armies and improve their battleships.

Arms race
• In 1870 the combined military spending of the six great
powers (Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Russia and Italy) totalled the equivalent of £94 million.
Naval Strength of Major Powers in 1914
Country Personnel Dreadnought
Battleships

Russia 54,000 4

France 68,000 10

Britain 209,000 29

Germany 79,000 17

Austria-Hungary 16,000 4
About the
countries in ww1
• World War one started in the 1900’s. It ended in
November 1918. However, militarism was occurring
before the war actually began
• The European Nations:
• Germany, France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Bulgaria, Serbia,
Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire.
• Bulgaria and Serbia started the conflict. Italy ended up backing
out so the Ottoman Empire stepped in.
• Each European nation had a strong policy for their military.
Since, they all wanted to have the strongest and the best military
competition broke out between the nations. This then caused
many other conflicts before the war started. The competition
between the nations also caused their relationships with each
other to worsen.
• Militarism is when a country believes they should
maintain a strong military capable and prepared to be
used aggressively to defend or promote national interests.
• World War one took place mainly in Europe.
• Great Britain and Germany were both striving for the
largest and most powerful navy because of militarism.

WhAT
• A rise in nationalism and growing competition for
colonies encouraged the build-up of greater weapons and
military power. This caused the Arms Race to break out
at the border of France and Germany which fortified and
militarized. France and Germany's armies had also
dramatically increased. All European countries except
Great Britain had adopted conscription.

When?
Bakit siya naging
dahilan ng WW1