Design And Fabrication Of Solar

Water Desalination System Through

Vaporization
Supervised By: Dr M. Ali Kamran

Group Members: Shafahat Ali

Adnan Khan
Ali Murtaza
M. Khurram Shahzad
Presentation Outline:
 Objective
 Literature Review
 Methodology
 CAD Model
 Mathematical Modeling
 Fabrication
 Gant Chart
Objective:
To develop a model equipment for solar
desalination of water through vaporization
 Robust Design
 Fabrication
 Environmental friendly and economical
 Prototype model
 Testing
Literature Review:
Previously Used Methods
 Reverse Osmosis
 Multistage Desalination
 Passive Desalination Methods
Methodology:
CAD Model:
 Experimentations & results:
intensity on intensity(W/m^2) Local Time initial temperature ⁰C final temperature ⁰C flow
tube(W/m^2) rate
1300 600 8:00 30 65 0.00069

1520 690 9:00 30 78 0.00069

1948 748 10:00 30 87 0.00069

2050 780 11:00 30 90 0.00069

2200 830 12:00 30 95 0.00069

2300 850 13:00 30 97 0.00069

2100 820 14:00 30 92 0.00069

1698 720 15:20 30 80 0.00069

1460 670 16:20 30 76 0.00069

3rd July, 2019
intensity on intensity(W/m^2) Local Time initial temperature ⁰C final temperature ⁰C flow
tube(W/m^2 rate
)

1200 560 8:00 30 60 0.00069

1500 680 9:00 30 74 0.00069

1748 726 10:21 30 83 0.00069

1900 771 10:56 30 90 0.00069

2100 800 11:41 30 98 0.00069

2200 840 13:10 30 95 0.00069

1900 770 14:00 30 90 0.00069

1600 740 15:20 30 84 0.00069

1420 650 16:00 30 71 0.00069

4th July, 2019
intensity on intensity(W/m^2) Local Time initial temperature ⁰C final temperature ⁰C flow
tube(W/m^2) rate

1138 500 8:04 30 55 0.00069

1400 655 9:00 30 70 0.00069

1756 730 10:00 30 89 0.00069

1802 761 11:00 30 90 0.00069

2049 790 12:00 30 94 0.00069

2200 830 13:00 30 97 0.00069

2100 800 14:00 30 95 0.00069

2000 770 14:50 30 91 0.00069

1530 700 16:00 39 79 0.00069

Graphs:
Time vs intensity
day 1 day 2 Day 3

880

830

780

730
intensity (W/m^2)

680

630

580

530

480
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time (hrs)
Time vs intensity on tube
Time vs intensity on tube
Day 1 Day 2 day 3

2400

2200
INTENSITY ON TUBE (W/M^2)

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
TIME(HRS)
Time vs temperature
TIME VS TEMPRETURE AT OUTLET
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

105

100

95

90
TEMPRETURE (⁰C)

85

80

75

70

65

60

55
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
TIME(HRS)
Thermal efficiency & losses
Area Local Time intensity(W/m^2) Qu thermal efficiency losses

1.05 8:00 600 364.5 57.857 42.143

1.05 9:00 690 419 57.833 42.167

1.05 10:00 748 454 57.805 42.195

1.05 11:00 780 473.1 57.766 42.234

1.05 12:00 830 503 57.717 42.283

1.05 13:00 850 515 57.703 42.297

1.05 14:00 820 497.3 57.758 42.242

1.05 15:20 720 437.5 57.870 42.130

1.05 16:20 670 407.1 57.868 42.132

2nd July, 2019
Local Time intensity(W/m^2) Qu thermal efficiency losses

8:00 560 340 57.82312925 42.17687075

9:00 680 412.5 57.77310924 42.22689076

10:00 726 440 57.72005772 42.27994228

11:00 771 467 57.68636897 42.31363103

12:00 800 484.25 57.64880952 42.35119048

13:00 740 449.6 57.86357786 42.13642214

14:00 700 425.4 57.87755102 42.12244898

15:20 680 413 57.84313725 42.15686275

16:20 650 395 57.87545788 42.12454212

3rd July, 2019
Local Time intensity(W/m^2) Qu thermal efficiency losses

8:00 500 303.6 57.82857143 42.17143

9:00 655 397 57.72446383 42.27554

10:00 730 442 57.66470972 42.33529

11:00 761 460.5 57.63093674 42.36906

12:00 790 477.5 57.56479807 42.4352

13:00 830 501.25 57.5157774 42.48422

14:00 800 486 57.85714286 42.14286

15:20 770 468 57.88497217 42.11503

16:20 700 425 57.82312925 42.17687

Graphical representation:
Intensity Vs thermal effiency
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

57.900

57.850

57.800

57.750
thermal effiency

57.700

57.650

57.600

57.550

57.500

57.450
550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
Intensity (W/m^2)
Intensity vs thermal losses
Intensity Vs thermal losses
Day 3 Day 2 Day 1
42.55

42.5

42.45

42.4
Thermal losses

42.35

42.3

42.25

42.2

42.15

42.1
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
Intensity (W/m^2)
Thermal efficiency of receiver
tube:
time intensity Qu(theoretical) initial Final Qu(actual) η(Tube)

8:00 600 359 30 65 102 0.284123

9:00 690 413 30 78 140 0.338983

10:00 748 448 30 87 166 0.370536

11:00 780 467 30 90 175 0.374732

12:00 830 497 30 95 190 0.382294

13:00 850 509 30 97 195 0.383104

14:00 820 491 30 92 181 0.368635

15:20 720 431 30 80 146 0.338747

16:20 670 401 30 76 134 0.334165

3rd July, 2019
Local Time intensity(W/m^2) Qu (Theoretical) initial final Qu (actual) η(Tube)

8:00 560 335 30 60 87.4 0.260896

9:00 680 407 30 74 128.5 0.315725

10:00 726 435 30 83 154.5 0.355172

11:00 771 462 30 90 175 0.378788

12:00 800 479 30 98 198 0.413361

13:00 740 443 30 95 189.5 0.427765

14:00 700 419 30 90 175 0.417661

15:20 680 407 30 84 157.4 0.386732

16:20 650 389 30 71 119.5 0.307198

4th July, 2019
Local Time intensity(W/m^2) Qu (Theoretical) initial final Qu(actual) η(tube)

8:00 500 299 30 55 73 0.244147

9:00 655 392 30 70 117 0.298469

10:00 730 437 30 89 172 0.393593

11:00 761 456 30 90 175 0.383772

12:00 790 473 30 94 187 0.395349

13:00 830 497 30 97 195 0.392354

14:00 800 479 30 95 190 0.39666

15:20 770 461 30 91 178 0.386117

16:20 700 419 39 79 143 0.341289

Graph:
Time vs reciever tube efficency
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

0.45

0.4
efficiency (Tube)

0.35

0.3

0.25

0.2
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time(hrs)
Optical efficiency of PTC
Intensity Qu(actual) Qs Qu(theoretical) Q(loss) η optical
(W/m^2)
Local
Time
600 102 630 359 257 0.56984127
8:00
690 140 724.5 413 273 0.570048309
9:00
748 166 785.4 448 282 0.570409982
10:00
780 175 819 467 292 0.57020757
11:00
830 190 871.5 497 307 0.570281124
12:00
850 195 892.5 509 314 0.570308123
13:00
820 181 861 491 310 0.570267131
14:00
720 146 756 431 285 0.57010582
15:20
670 134 703.5 401 267 0.570007107
16:20
3rd July, 2019
intensity(W/m^2) Qu (Theoretical) Qu (actual) Qs Q(loss) η(optical)

Local Time
560 335 87.4 588 247.6 0.569728

8:00
680 407 128.5 714 278.5 0.570028

9:00
726 435 154.5 762 280.5 0.570866

10:00
771 462 175 809.5 287 0.570723

11:00
800 479 198 840 281 0.570238

12:00
740 443 189.5 777 253.5 0.570142

13:00
700 419 175 735 244 0.570068

14:00
680 407 157.4 714 249.6 0.570028

15:20
650 389 119.5 682.5 269.5 0.569963

16:20
4th July, 2019
intensity(W/m^2) Qu (Theoretical) Qu(actual) Qs Q(loss) η(optical)

Local
Time
500 299 73 525 226 0.56952381
8:00
655 392 117 687.7 275 0.570015995
9:00
730 437 172 766.5 265 0.57012394
10:00
761 456 175 799 281 0.570713392
11:00
790 473 187 829.5 286 0.570223026
12:00
830 497 195 871.5 302 0.570281124
13:00
800 479 190 840 289 0.570238095
14:00
770 461 178 777 283 0.593307593
15:20
700 419 143 735 276 0.570068027
16:20
Graph:
Time VS optical efficiency
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

0.571

0.5705
optical efficiency

0.57

0.5695

0.569
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time (hrs.)
Smaller tube performance
Intensity on intensity (W/m^2) time initial temperature final temperature flow rate (ml/s)
tube(W/m^2)

800 380 8:00 30 44 0.63

960 440 9:00 30 47 0.63

1200 560 10:00 30 49 0.63

1300 610 11:00 30 51 0.63

1520 690 12:00 30 57 0.63

1750 730 13:00 30 62 0.63

1948 750 14:00 30 63 0.63

1470 680 15:00 30 53 0.63

1460 670 16:00 30 52 0.63

Graphs:
Intensity Vs tempreutre at outlet
65

60
Tempreture (⁰C)

55

50

45

40
350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
Time (hrs)
Time vs intensity
Time vs intensity
800

750

700

650
Inteensity W/m^2)

600

550

500

450

400

350
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time(hrs)
Time vs intensity on tube
Time VS intensity on tube
2100

1900

1700
Intensity on tube(W/m^2)

1500

1300

1100

900

700

500
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time (hrs)
Time vs temperature at outlet
Time vs tempreture at outlet
65

60
Tempreture (⁰C)

55

50

45

40
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time(hrs)
Solar still performance:

local time Intensity(W/m^2) flow rate (In) final temperature ⁰C flowrate(out)

8:00 560 0.00069 60 0

9:00 680 0.00069 74 0.27

10:00 726 0.00069 83 0.4

11:00 771 0.00069 90 0.485

12:00 800 0.00069 98 0.545

13:00 840 0.00069 95 0.53

14:00 770 0.00069 90 0.47

15:00 740 0.00069 84 0.405

16:00 650 0.00069 71 0.23

4th July, 2019
local time Intensity(W/m^2) flow rate (In) final temperature ⁰C flowrate(out)

8:04 500 0.00069 55 0

9:00 655 0.00069 70 0.225

10:00 730 0.00069 89 0.44

11:00 761 0.00069 90 0.455

12:00 790 0.00069 94 0.5

13:00 830 0.00069 97 0.53

14:00 800 0.00069 95 0.525

14:50 770 0.00069 91 0.455

16:00 700 0.00069 79 0.27

 Time vs flow rate:
Time Vs flowrate
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3

0.6

0.5

0.4
Flor rate out(ml/s)

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
7:12 8:24 9:36 10:48 12:00 13:12 14:24 15:36 16:48
Time (hrs)