Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier

Professor Z Ghassemlooy

Electronics and IT Division

School of Engineering
Sheffield Hallam University
U.K.

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Contents

• Theory
• Implementation
– Transmitter
– Detector
• Synchronous
• Square
• Power analysis
• Summary

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Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier

Carrier
From AM spectrum:
LSB USB
• Carries signal c carries no information m.
• Carries signal consumes a lot of power more
than 50% c - m c c + m
Single frequency
Question: Why transmit carrier at all?
Ans:
Question: Can one suppress the carrier?
Ans.: Yes, just transmit two side bands (i.e DSB-SC)
But what is the penalty?
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System complexity at the receiver
 DSB-SC - Theory

General expression: c(t )  [k1m(t )  C ] cos (ct  c )

Let k1 = 1, C = 0 and c = 0, the modulated carrier signal, therefore:

c(t )  m(t ) cos ct

Information signal m(t) = Em cos mt
Thus
c(t )  Em cos mt cos ct
MEc MEc
 cos (c  m )t  cos (c  m )t
2 2
upper side band lower side band
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DSB-SC - Waveforms

Mixer
(Multiplier)

B = 2m

Notice: No carrier frequency

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DSB-SC - Implementation

• Balanced modulator

AM Ec (1+ 0.5 m(t) cos ct

0.5 m(t)
mod.
+
Carrier DSB-SC
Ec cos ct +
Ec m(t) cos ct
-
AM
-0.5 m(t)
mod. Ec (1- 0.5 m(t) cos ct

• Ring modulator

• Square-law modulator
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 DSB-SC - Detection
• Synchronous detection v(t )  12 m(t )
Low
DSB-SC
Multiplier pass
filter Message signal

Local oscillator y(t )  [m(t ) cos ct ]  cos ct

c(t) = cos ct
y (t )  m(t ) 12 [1  cos 2c t ]
 12 m(t )  12 m(t ) cos 2c t
Condition:
•Local oscillator has the same information high frequency
frequency and phase as that of the
carrier signal at the transmitter. Low pass filter
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m 2c-m 2c+m
 DSB-SC - Synchronous Detection
• Case 1 - Phase error v(t )  12 m(t ) cos 

Low
DSB-SC Message signal
Multiplier pass
filter

Local oscillator y(t )  [m(t ) cos ct ]  cos (ct  )

c(t) = cos(ct+)
y (t )  m(t ) 12 cos (2c t  )  m(t ) 12 cos ()
 m(t ) 12 cos   m(t ) 12 cos (2c t  )
Condition:
•Local oscillator has the same information high frequency
frequency but different phase
compared to carrier signal at the Low pass filter
transmitter.
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m 2c-m 2c+m
Phase Synchronisation - Costa Loop
In-phase
yip(t) 0.5Ec m(t) cos  Recovered
DSB-SC X LPF
signal
Ec cos (ct+)
Vphase(t) Phase
VCO
discriminator

90o
phase shift
Ec sin (ct+)
0.5Ec m(t) sin 
X. LPF
yqp(t)
Quadrature-phase
• When there is no phase error. The quadrature component is zero
• When  0, yip(t) decreases, while yqp(t) increases
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•The out put of the phase discriminator is proportional to 
 DSB-SC - Synchronous Detection
• Case 1 - Frequency error v(t )  12 m(t ) cos 

Low
DSB-SC Message signal
Multiplier pass
filter

Local oscillator y(t )  [m(t ) cos ct ]  cos (ct  )

c(t)=Eccos(ct+)
y (t )  m(t ) 12 cos (2c t  )  m(t ) 12 cos ()
 m(t ) 12 cos   m(t ) 12 cos (2c t  )
Condition:
•Local oscillator has the same information high frequency
phase but different frequency
compared to carrier signal at the Low pass filter
transmitter.
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m 2c-m 2c+m
 DSB-SC - Square Detection

g(t)
Squaring
DSB-SC Band pass y(t)
Si(t)
circuit  by 2
g =x2 C filter

Regenerated
carrier
2c z(t)

Multiplier
Message
Low pass filter signal

g(t) = Si2(t) = B2 cos2 mt cos2 ct

= B2 (½ + ½ cos 2 mt )(½ + ½ cos 2 ct )
= B2/4 [1 + ½ cos 2(c + m)t + ½ cos 2(c - m)t + cos 2mt + cos 2 ct ]

y(t) = B2/4 cos 2wct z(t) = B2/4 cos wct 11

DSB-SC - Power
• The total power (or average power):

2
2  MEc / 2 
PT  DSB SC   
R 2 
( MEc ) 2

4R

• The maximum and peak envelop power

( MEc ) 2
PP  DSB SC 
R
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DSB-SC - Summary

• Advantages:
– Lower power consumption

• Disadvantage:
- Complex detection

• Applications:
- Analogue TV systems: to transmit colour information
- For transmitting stereo information in FM sound broadcast
at VHF

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