COUNSELING

WHAT IS COUNSELING?
WHAT ARE THE GOALS OF COUNSELING?
WHAT IS THE SCOPE OF WORK OF COUNSELING?
WHAT ARE THE VALUES AND PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELING?
 KWL CHART
Topic: the Discipline of Counseling
What I Know About What I Want to Know What I learned
Counseling About Counseling about Counseling
 WHAT IS COUNSELING?

Counseling as an art is the SUBJECTIVE dimension of

counselling. It is also associated with the act of giving
oneself and being compassionate in counselling processes.
Counseling as a science on the other hand, is the
OBJECTIVE dimension of the counselling process.
Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004

• Guidance and counseling is the profession that implicates

the application of an “integrated approach to the
development of a well-functioning individual” through
the provision of support that aids an individual to use
his/her potentials to the fullest in accord with his/her
interest, needs, and abilities. (University of
Queensland,2015)
 GOALS OF COUNSELING
• The primary goal of destination of counseling is to help people utilize
their prevailing social skills and problem-solving skills more functionally or
to cultivate new surviving and coping skills. Detailed and expensive
counselling goals have been identified by “Gibson and Mitchel (2003)”
which are as follows:
1. Development Goals- assist in meeting or advancing the client’s human
growth and development including social, personal, emotional,
cognitive, and physical wellness.
2. Preventive Goals- helps the client’s avoid some undesired outcome.
3. Enhancement Goals- enhance special skills and abilities.
4. Remedial Goals- assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable
development.
• 5. Exploratory Goals- examining options, testing of skills, trying new and
different activities, etc.
• 6. Reinforcement Goals- helps client in recognizing that what they are
doing, thinking and feeling is fine.
• 7. Cognitive Goals- involves acquiring the basic foundation of learning and
cognitive skills.
• 8. Physiological Goals- involves acquiring the basic understanding and
habits for good health.
• 9. Psychological Goals- aids in developing good social interaction skills,
learning emotional control and developing positive self-concept.
 GOAL DESCRIPTION

- Understanding of the origins and development of

INSIGHTS emotional difficulties, leading to an increased capacity
to take rational control over feelings and actions.

-Becoming better able to form and maintain meaningful

REALATING WITH OTHERS and satisfying relationships with other people; for
example, within the family or workplace

- Becoming more aware of thoughts and feelings that

SELF-AWARENESS had been blocked off or denied, or developing a more
accurate sense of how self is perceived by others
- The development of a positive attitude toward self,
SELF-ACCEPTANCE marked by an ability to acknowledge areas of experience
that had been the subject of self-criticism and rejection
- Moving in the direction of fulfilling potential or
SELF-ACTUALIZATION achieving an integration of previously conflicting parts of
self
 GOALS DESCRIPTION

- Assisting the client to arrive at a higher state of

ENLIGHTENMENT spiritual awakening

- Finding a solution to a specific problem that the client

PROBLEM-SOLVING had not been able to resolve alone

- Enabling the client to acquire ideas and techniques

PSYCHOLOGICAL EDUCATION with which to understand and control behaviour

- Learning and mastering social and interpersonal skills

ACQUISITION OF SOCIAL SKILLS
COGNITIVE CHANGE
such as maintenance of eye contact, turn taking in
conversations, assertiveness or anger control
- The modification or replacement of irrational beliefs or
maladaptive thought patterns associated with self-
destructive behaviour
 GOALS DESCRIPTION

- The modification or replacement of maladaptive or self

BEHAVIOR CHANGE destructive patterns of behaviour

- Introducing change into the way in that social systems

SYSTEMIC CHANGE operate

- Working on skills, awareness, and knowledge that will

EMPOWERMENT enable the client to take control of his or her own life

- Helping the client to make amends for previous

RESTITUTION destructive behaviour

-Inspiring in the person a desire and capacity to care for

GENERATIVITY others and pass on knowledge and to contribute to the
collective good through political engagement and
community work
 SCOPE OF COUNSELING

• Counseling is necessary in almost every aspect of person’s life –

cognitive, behavioural, systemic, social, psychological and others.
It is also applied to individuals, family and groups.
• On individual counseling, many issues are covered such as
depression, sexual abuse, anxiety, gender, relationships,
spirituality, ideology, adolescents issues, loss, anger, stress,
vocation, studies and others.
• In terms of family counseling, issues include divorce, family
dynamics, transitions in life, miscommunication,jealousy, money
matters, parenting, re marriage and others.
 CORE VALUES AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF
COUNSELING
• Ethical Principles-ideas that underpin both personal and professional codes.
• 1. Autonomy of individuals- is based on the right to freedom of action and freedom of choice
• 2. Principle of Nonmaleficence- refers to the instruction to ll helpers or healers that they must,
above all, do no harm.
• -beneficence refers to the order to promote human welfare
• 3. Principle of Justice- concerned with the fair distribution of resources and services, unless there
is some acceptable reason for treating them treating them differently
• 4. Principle of Fidelity- shares to the presence of loyalty, reliability, dependability, and action in
good faith
• General Moral Theories- identified a set of personal qualitie that all practitioners should possess:
empathy, sincerity, integrity, resilience, respect, humility, competence, fairness, wisdom, and
courage