legend

Table of contents

 What is Legend
 Characteristics of Legend

 RATIO AND PROPORTION

 Steps in solving word problems:

GEORGE POLYA- propose a 4-step rule in solving

word problems of functions.
1. Explore – it involves the given, choosing a
variable for an unknown quantity.
2. Plan – write equations(thought processes) that
describe the relationship.
3. Solve – determine the required quantities then
solve and answer the question in the problem.
4. Check – checking if the answer is appropriate.
 NUMBER PROBLEM
Examples:
1.The denominator of a fraction is
4 more than the numerator. If 4 is
added to the numerator and 7 is
added to the denominator, the
value of the fraction is ½. Find
the original fraction?
Explore
  
- 2n-n= 11-8
Given: - fraction n=3
= == - the original
Plan fraction
= Check
Solve =
- ( =)(11+n)2 =
- 2(n+4)=(11+n) =
- 2n+8=11+n =
Example #2. One
sixth of a number is
3 less than one -
half of the same
number. What is the
number?
Explore
 
3x+x = 18


=
Let x- be the X = - the
number number
Plan Check
x=3-x (=3-)
Solve = =
(x = 3 - x)6
X= 18 - 3x
 MOTION PROBLEM
Example #1. An express train
travels 150 km. in the same time
that a freight train travels
100km. If the express trains goes
20 km per hour faster than the
freight train, find the rate of each
train?
 distance rate time
Freight
train
100km r
Express 150km r+20
train
 Solution:
FORMUL = Freight train =
A: 150r = 100(r+20) 40km/h
D=R*T 150r = 100r+2000 Express train =
150r – 100r = 2000
= 60km/h
r = 40
EXAMPLE #2. Dangee
takes 4 hours to travel from
A to B. Richard covers the
same distance in 3 hours,
traveling 10kph faster. How
far is it from A to B?
 Distance from A rate time
to B

Dangee 4r r 4
Richard 3(r+10) r+10 3

FORMUL
A: DISTANCE:
D = R*T SOLUTION: 4r = 4(30) =
4r = 3(r+10) 120km.
4r = 3r + 30
4r – 3r = 30
r = 30
 RATIO AND PROPORTION
Example #1. If there are
3 microscopes for every 4
medical students, how
many microscopes are
needed for 44 students?
  
Set- up a ratio:
 
-Let x be the number of microscopes for 44
students.
Construct a proportion and solve for
unknown:
=
4x = 3(44)
4x = 132

x = 33 microscopes in 44 students.
Example #2. A car will go
300 miles on 15 gallons of
gasoline. How far, in miles,
will the car go on 18
gallons of gasoline at the
same rate?
  
Set- up a ratio:


 Let x be the number of miles the car will go on

18 gallons of gasoline.
Construct a proportion and solve for
unknown:
=
15x = 300(18)
=
X = 360 miles – the car will go on 18
gallons of gasoline.
 WORK PROBLEM
Example #1. A large pipe can
empty a pool in 6 hours and a
small pipe can empty the same
pool in 9 hours. How long will it
take for both pipes to empty
the pool?
 Part of the pool Part of the pool
emptied in 1 hour
Times(t emptied by each
) pipe
Large
pipe
t t
Small
pipe
t t
Let t - be the number of hour for both pipes to
empty a pool.
 
EQUATION/SOLUTI
ON:  
ANSWER:
(t + t = 1)18
3t + 2t = 18 Therefore, the pool will
5t = 18 be emptied in when
t= bothpipes are open.
Example #2. Jun can clean
a room in 4 hours. Ana can
clean the same room in 3
hours. Working together,
how long will it take them
to clean the room?
 Part of the Times (t) Part of the
room clean in 1 room
hour cleaned by
person
Jun
1/4 t ¼t
Ana
1/3 t 1/3 t
Let t - be the time that both jun and ana can clean
the room.
 
EQUATION/SOLUTIO
N:  
Answer:
(¼ t + 1/3 t = 1)12
Therefore, Jun and
3t + 4t = 12
7t = 12 Ana can clean the
t = or 1 room in 1 hours
together.