AV-222

ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS

“BASIC RECTIFIER CIRCUITS”

Text Book: Chapter 3 ( 3.2 )

Instructor: Sqn Ldr Ahnaf Lodhi

Class: 84(B & C) EC

Avionics Engineering Department

 RECTIFIER CIRCUIT

• Coverts AC power to DC power

• Four most common rectifier circuit:
– Half-wave rectifier
– Full-wave bridge rectifier
– Three-phase half-wave rectifier
– Three-phase full-wave rectifier
 PARAMETERS OF RECTIFICATION

• Ripple factor
– Small or large?
• DC Voltage
• Difficulty in calculating the Vac,rms
• Ripple factor without RMS
 HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER
• Conducts positive half cycle and blocks negative half
cycle
• Inefficient. Why?
• Contains ac waveform of 60Hz and its harmonics
• Diode based rectification-Simplest form
 FULL-WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER
• Utilizes both half cycles
• More efficient
• Contains ac waveform of 120 Hz and its harmonics
• Diode bridge or bridge rectifier.
 THREE-PHASE HALF-WAVE RECTIFIER

• In a three-phase supply, Half-wave rectification can be achieved

with three diodes having their cathodes connected to a common
point.
• The diode with the largest voltage applied to it will conduct and the
other two diodes will be reverse-biased.
 THREE-PHASE FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER

• For three-phase AC, six diodes are used.

• Two parts:
– Highest of three phase voltages
– Lowest of three phase voltages
FILTERING RECTIFIER OUTPUT
• Two types of elements are commonly used
to smooth the rectifier's output:
– Capacitors connected across the lines to
smooth ac voltage changes
– Inductors connected in series with the line to
smooth ac current changes
 EXAMPLE 3-1
• Calculate the ripple factor for the half-wave rectifier
shown in Figure.
EXAMPLE 3.1
SUMMARY
QUESTIONS??