Nabil

Dual Rate
10 June 2004

BSSPAR S10.5
 Dual Rate
Half Rate Concept

•Half Rate is a feature designed to maximize the spectrum

efficiency by doubling the amount of radio resources as
compared the use of the full rate traffic resources only.

• The basic principle of the GSM Half Rate Codec is the

following: it allows to put 2 Half Rate TCH (TCH/HR) per
Time Slot instead of 1 Full Rate TCH (TCH/FR) per Time Slot.
 Dual Rate
INTRODUCTION

Full Rate Speech and data is coded and transferred by

using 16 kbps. In the BSC-BTS the Half Rate can be
coded by 8 kbps.

BTS can contain three different of traffic channel

resources:
• Full Rate (Permanent FR TCH Resources serve FR Traffic Only)
• Half Rate (Permanent HR TCH Resources serve FR Traffic Only)
• Dual Rate ( DR TCH resources serve both HR and FR Traffic)
 BSS6
Dual Rate in Abis-Interface

TCSM
16 kbit/s
16 kbit/s TCSM2
BTS F
BSC 16 kbit/s
BTS F F or
16 kbit/s 8 kbits/s
BTS F or
BTS F
2*8kbit/s BSC
BTS F/H F/H
16 kbit/s
BTS F/H BTS F
BTS F

BTS F
Dual Rate (Circuit Configuration on BSC-MSC Interface)
FR/HRMS
FR USED Abis - Ater - A - Interface
Interface Interface 64 kbit/s
16 kbit/s

16 kbit/s FR
TCSM
FR MS

B M
FR 16 kbit/s FR/HR
S TCSM S
BTS
FR MS C C

8 kbit/s HR
TCSM
FR/HR MS
HR USED FR/HR
BTS
16 kbit/s or
2 X 8 kbit/s
 Dual rate
Half Rate Allocation (RR Management)

•TCH Allocation: Fix Half Rate Setup Configuration

TS 0 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 7
1 TRX
TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR TCH/FR

8 TCH/FR

TS 0 TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 7
1 TRX
TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH TCH
HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR HR

16 TCH/HR

•TCH Allocation based on Cell Load: Nokia has the

Possibility to set a load threshold at which half rate
channels will starts to be allocated.
 Dual Rate
TCH ALLOCATION BASED on CELL LOAD

• Nokia BSS has the possibility to set a load threshold at which half rate channels will
start to be allocate. Below this threshold only Half Rate channels will be allocated.

% of
free
FR TCH
in cell

Upper Limit 20%

Lower Limit 10%

Time
Allocate Allocate Allocate
FR TCHs HR TCHs FR TCH
BSS10 Dual Rate
BSC MSC
TCH Allocation Based on Cell Load

BTS

Half
Rate
Full Rate
 Dual Rate Parameters

BSC Parameter
Lower Limit for FR TCH Resources (HRL): 20%
Default value is 100%.

Upper limit for FR TCH resources (HRU) : 40%

Default value is 0%.

HR TCH Alarm Limit (ALHRT): 30%

Default value is 30%.

TCH Rate Internal HO (HRI):5 (Best Candidate HO)

Default value: 1

BTS Parameter
Limit for FR TCH Resources Lower (FRL) : 20%
Default value is 100%

Limit for FR TCH Resources Upper (FRU): 40%

Default value is 0%.
 Dual Rate Parameters

TCH Rate Intra Cell HO (TRIH): 0 (No Extra-Constraints)

Default value: 0.

TRX Parameter:
Half Rate Support: Y
Default Value: Y
 0.0
50.0
70.0

20.0
30.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
90.0

10.0
12/ 03/ 2004

16/ 03/ 2004

20/ 03/ 2004

24/ 03/ 2004

28/ 03/ 2004

1/ 04/ 2004

5/ 04/ 2004
Tch call block BH

9/ 04/ 2004

0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
13/ 04/ 2004
12/ 03/ 2004
17/ 04/ 2004
15/ 03/ 2004
21/ 04/ 2004
18/ 03/ 2004
21/ 03/ 2004 25/ 04/ 2004
Sdcch Block BH

24/ 03/ 2004 1/ 05/ 2004

27/ 03/ 2004

Tch traffic BH

30/ 03/ 2004

2/ 04/ 2004

5/ 04/ 2004
8/ 04/ 2004
11/ 04/ 2004
0
10
50

20
30
40
60

14/ 04/ 2004

17/ 04/ 2004
20/ 04/ 2004
23/ 04/ 2004
Tch traffic Avg

26/ 04/ 2004

HO Fail (hfr_1)

1/ 05/ 2004
Dual Rate Implementation

HO Failure (hfr_55)
 %

0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10/11/2003
15/11/2003
20/11/2003
25/11/2003
30/11/2003
5/12/2003
10/12/2003
15/12/2003
20/12/2003
25/12/2003
30/12/2003
4/01/2004
9/01/2004
14/01/2004
19/01/2004
24/01/2004
29/01/2004
3/02/2004
8/02/2004
13/02/2004
18/02/2004
23/02/2004
28/02/2004
4/03/2004
9/03/2004
14/03/2004
19/03/2004
24/03/2004
TCH Blocking

29/03/2004
3/04/2004
Block calls %

8/04/2004
13/04/2004
18/04/2004
23/04/2004
28/04/2004
3/05/2004
8/05/2004
13/05/2004
18/05/2004
23/05/2004
28/05/2004
2/06/2004
7/06/2004
12/06/2004
17/06/2004
22/06/2004
27/06/2004
2/07/2004
7/07/2004
12/07/2004

2,000 %
4,000
6,000
8,000

0
10,000
12,000
14,000

10/11/2003
100.00

80.00
82.00
84.00
86.00
88.00
90.00
92.00
94.00
96.00
98.00

15/11/2003
20/11/2003 10/11/2003
25/11/2003 15/11/2003
30/11/2003 20/11/2003
5/12/2003 25/11/2003
10/12/2003 30/11/2003
15/12/2003 5/12/2003
20/12/2003 10/12/2003
25/12/2003 15/12/2003
30/12/2003 20/12/2003
4/01/2004 25/12/2003
9/01/2004 30/12/2003
14/01/2004 4/01/2004
19/01/2004 9/01/2004
24/01/2004 14/01/2004
29/01/2004 19/01/2004
3/02/2004 24/01/2004
8/02/2004 29/01/2004
13/02/2004 3/02/2004
18/02/2004 8/02/2004
23/02/2004 13/02/2004
28/02/2004 18/02/2004
4/03/2004 23/02/2004
9/03/2004 28/02/2004
14/03/2004 4/03/2004
9/03/2004
19/03/2004 14/03/2004
24/03/2004
Dual Rate Implementation for BSC X

19/03/2004
29/03/2004 24/03/2004
3/04/2004 29/03/2004
TCH time (hour)

8/04/2004 3/04/2004
TCH Erlangs(trf_24c)

13/04/2004 8/04/2004
18/04/2004 13/04/2004
23/04/2004 18/04/2004
28/04/2004 23/04/2004
3/05/2004 28/04/2004
8/05/2004 3/05/2004
13/05/2004 8/05/2004
SDCCH to TCH Success Rate (csf_2m)

SDCCH succ ratio-SD to TCH based %

18/05/2004 13/05/2004
23/05/2004 18/05/2004
28/05/2004 23/05/2004
2/06/2004 28/05/2004
7/06/2004 2/06/2004
12/06/2004 7/06/2004
17/06/2004 12/06/2004
17/06/2004
22/06/2004 22/06/2004
27/06/2004 27/06/2004
2/07/2004 2/07/2004
7/07/2004 7/07/2004
12/07/2004 12/07/2004