BIOLOGY

By team members:
P.Sahithya
Shri Varsha
Shri vainavi
Siva ranjani
Suba shree
 FRAGMENTATION

• IN SOME ORGANISMS, THE BODY OF AN ADULT

ORGANISM BREAKS INTO TWO OR MORE
FRAGMENTS.EACH FRAGMENT LATER
DEVELOPES INTO A NEW ORGANISM.
SPIROGYRA, A FILAMENTOUS GREEN ALGAE,
REPRODUCES RAPIDLY THROUGH
FRAGMENTATION.
• Fragmentation in multicellular organisms is a form of
asexual reproduction in which an organism is split into
fragments. Each of these fragments develop into
matured organism, full grown individuals that are
genetically and morphologically identical to their
parents. Example :-SPIROGYRA.
• Fragmentation, also known as splitting
and a method of reproduction is seen in
many organisms such as in bacteria:
filamentous cyanobacteria, in fungi like
molds, lichens, many animals such as
sponges, acoel flatworms, some annelid
worms and sea stars. Fragmentation is
different from budding and binary fission.
EXPLANATION:
IN FRAGMENTATION, PARENTAL BODY BREAKS INTO TWO OR MORE
FRAGMENTS EITHER BY WAVE ACTION OR BY DEATH AND DECAY OF
OLDER PARTS.
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS WITH SIMPLE BODY ORGANIZATION
SUCH AS FILAMENTOUS ALGAE. SPIROGYRA BREAKS UP INTO TWO OR
MORE SMALL PIECES OR FRAGMENTS UPON MATURATION.
THESE FRAGMENTS GROW INTO NEW INDIVIDUALS.
AMONG ANIMALS,FLATWORMS SHOW FRAGMENTATION OF THE
BODY WHICH DEVELOPS INTO NEW INDIVIDUALS.
EXAMPLES:

WE CAN FIND LOTS OF EXAMPLES

OF THIS IN NATURE.FUNGI SUCH AS
FERNS ALSO REPRODUCE THIS WAY,
AS DO MANY ALGAE. FILAMENTOUS
CYANOBACTERIA, IN FUNGI LIKE
MOLDS, LICHENS, AND MANY
ANIMALS SUCH AS SPONGES, ACOEL
FRAGMENTATION OF SPIROGYRA
FRAGMENTATION OF SPONGES
FRAGMENTATION OF FERNS
FRAGMENTATION OF ANNELID WORMS
Thank you

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