MULTIPLE

ASSESSMEN
T -2
TOPIC – ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
 Asexual reproduction occurs in the organisms with
simple body designs and single parent is involved
 We can see less variations because no gametes are
involved . New individuals are colons of the
parents
MODES OF ASEXUAL
REPRODUCTION
 FISSION
 FRAGEMENTATION
 REGENERATION
 BUDDING
 VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION
 SPORE FORMATION
 FISSION
  BINARY FISSION -Asexual reproduction by a
separation of the body into two new bodies. In the process of
binary fission, an organism duplicates its genetic material, or
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and then divides into two
parts (cytokinesis), with each new organism receiving one
copy of DNA
 Examples – amoeba , leishmania ,protozoan etc.
 MULTIPLE FISSION – In this mode of
reproduction  the nucleus of the organism divides
repeatedly to form a number of equal-sized
daughter nuclei and each daughter nuclei breaks
away together with a small portion of the
cytoplasm
 Example – plasmodium
 FRAGEMENTATION
 Fragmentation in multicellular or
colonial organisms is a form of asexual
reproduction or cloning, where an
organism is split into fragments.
 Each of these fragments develop into
mature, fully grown individuals that are
clones of the original organism.
 Example -spirogyra
 REGENERATION
 The process of getting back a full
organism from its body part is
called regeneration.
 Regeneration is carried out
by specialised cells. From this
mass of cell, different cells
undergo changes to become
various cell types and tissue.
 Example – starfish , planaria ,
hydra ,etc
 BUDDING
 Budding is a mode of asexual reproduction in which a
new individual developed from a small part of the parent.
A bud that is formed during budding detaches itself from
the parent body and develops into a new organism
 Example - hydra and yeast
VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION
 Vegetative propagation is an asexual method of plant reproduction
that occurs in its leaves, roots and stem. This can occur through
fragmentation and regeneration of specific vegetative parts of
plants.
Natural Vegetative Propagation
 This occurs when plants grow and develop naturally without any
human interference. New plants may emerge from the roots, stem
and leaves of the parent plant.
 ARTIFICIAL VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATION
 This is a type of vegetative
reproduction carried out by
humans on the fields and
laboratories . Types such as
 GRAFTING
 CUTTING
 LAYERING
 TISSUE CULTURE
 SPORE FORMATION
 In simple multicellular organisms like Rhizopus many
Spores are stored in sacs called Sporangia. When Sporangia
burst; minute single-celled, thin or thick walled structures
called spores are obtained. Under suitable conditions, they
develop into a new Plant.
THANK YOU
Made by – Manogya Jain