Elasticity and

Hooke's Law
 Elasticity and Hooke's Law

• Tegangan (Stress)
Hukum Hooke
• Regangan (Strain) • Sifat Elastis Pegas
• Modulus Elastisitas • Pemanfaatan Pegas
• Modulus Young (E) • Pegas Disusun Seri
• Modulus Geser (S) • Pegas Disusun Paralel
• Modulus Bulk (B)
The Characteristic of elasticity
Elasticity is the nature that disallowed the shape change
(deformation) and tends to restore the shape of objects to the
original shape when the force that influencing the object
eliminated.

divided into two:

• Thing elastic (Back to its
original shape).
• Thing plastic / inelastic
(Does not return to its
original shape).
3 The main thing in the elasticita of a
material

1. Tegangan (Stress)
Regangan
2.
(Strain)
3,
Modulus
Elastisitas
Tegangan (Stress)
•

❑
❑ Lo

A L

F
Rentang

Mampata
n

Geser
 Incompressible
stress range (N
material tension (N / stress (N / m 2
)
/m)2
m2)
Iron 170 x 106 550 x 106 170 x 106
Steel 500 x 106 500 x 106 250 x 106
Brass 250 x 106 250 x 106 200 x 106
aluminum 200 x 106 200 x 106 200 x 106
Concrete 2 x 106 20 x 106 2 x 106
Coal - 35 x 106 -
Marble - 80 x 106 -
Granite - 170 x 106 -
Wood (pine) 40 x 106 35 x 106 5 x 106
Nylon 500 x 106 - -
Regangan (Strain)
strain
•   is the ratio of the length of an object to its original length
due to the influence of external forces that affect objects.

Where :
= Strain ❑
Added = length (m) ❑❑
= Long early - early (m)
The Concept and application
Stress and Strain Relationship Graph
modulus of elasticity
Modulus
1.
Young
Modulus
2.
Geser
3, Modulus Bulk
Young's modulus
Young's modulus is a measure of the resistance of a substance to
change its length when a force (or force) is provided on the body

❑ Information :
Added = length (m)
❑ = Length of first - early (m)
F = Exterior Style (N)
A = Surface area (m2)
❑ E = Young's Modulus (N / m2)
❑❑

❑ ❑
❑ ❑❑
modulus Slide
modulus Slide is a Young's modulus that is used to calculate the
shear stress.
 The shear modulus is symbolized by: S

Information :
Added = length (m)
❑❑ = Length of first - early (m)
❑ F = Exterior Style (N)
❑ A = Surface area (m2)
S = shear modulus (shear modulus) (N / m2)
 Bulk modulus
Bulk modulus describes the tendency of an object to deform to in all
directions when given a uniform tension in all directions

Information :
Added length = ()
= Length of first - early ()
= Addition of pressure (Pa)
B = bulk modulus (N / m2) ❑ ❑
compressibility: ❑❑ ❑
❑
❑ ❑
Note: the minus sign right-
facing ter reduced volume
increase of pressure.
❑❑
Illustration Bulk modulus
Table 2. Types - MACAM Modulus of Elasticity
Young's modulus
modulus Bulk,
material modulus, E sliding, S (N /
B (N / m2)
(N / m2) m2 )
Iron 100 x 109 40 x 109 90 x 109
Steel 200 x 109 80 x 109 140 x 109
Brass 100 x 109 35 x 109 80 x 109
aluminum 70 x 109 25 x 109 70 x 109
Concrete 20 x 109 - -
Marble 50 x 109 - -
Bone 15 x 109 80 x 109 -
Water - - 2.0 x 109
alkhohol - - 1.0 x 109
mercury - - 2.5 x 109
Air - - 1.01 x 109
Problems example
•
1. A load of 16 kg mass suspended from a length of steel wire which has a length
of 60 cm and a diameter of 0.1 cm. As a result, the wire is elongated by 0.025
cm. Calculate the stress, strain, and modulus of elasticity of the wire!
Dik: Mb = 16 kg
d = 0.1 cm = 0,001 m
L = 60 cm = 0.06 m g = 9.8 m / s2
ΔL = 0,025 cm = 0.00025 m = 3:14
DIT: a. tensionB. strainC. modulus of elasticity?
Answer:
a.
•

❑ ❑ ❑❑
❑❑ ❑
c. N / m2
2. A hydraulic pump provides 0.35 (350L) of oil. Calculate the volume
reduction of the current oil pressure pump 2Pa! The bulk modulus of oil is
B = 5.0 Pa.
Dik: V0 = 0.35
= 2 Pa
B = 5.0 Pa
DIT: Calculate the volume reduction
Answer:
 Elasticity nature Pegas To next page

"Added length is directly proportional to the applied force things." -

Robert Hooke (1676)

Hooke's law

style Restorer
❑❑
F ❑❑
Where : Q
Working F = force (N)
= The length (m) P
k = the spring constant (N / m)
F

O
to animation
utilization Pegas

Pegas Disusun Seri

Pegas Disusun Paralel

Compiled spring Series

•
Compiled spring Parallel

❑❑ ❑❑ ❑❑❑❑❑❑❑
 Problems example
1. If k = 200 N / m, determine k replacement for the spring
system in the massing of the images below!
a. b. c, k k k
k k
❑❑ ❑❑ ❑❑
k k

c. Diseri parallel arranged last spring:

Dik: k = 200 N / m
m = 0.5 kg
DIT: k replacement?
a. Spring arranged in series: b. Springs are arranged parallel:
practice Question
•1) A cylindrical steel rod to be used as a pillar of a
building. The steel cylinder has a length of 4 m,
the radius of 5 cm cross section, and the elastic
modulus of 1.9 x N / m², Jika steel cylinder must
be able to sustain a load of 100 tons, how the
shortening of the steel cylinder that happen!
2) Tigabuahpegasdengankonstantagayamasing each k,
2k, and 4k disusunsepertitampakpadagambar,
Jikamassa m = 5 kg digantungkanpadapegasketiga,
pertambahanpanjang total ketigapegassamadengan
11 cm. Hitunglahbesar k!
completion practice question
•1. ΔL = = 2,63 x m = 2,63 mm
2. F = kx
mg = 2kx
x parallel = = = 0.0082 m = 8.2 mm
x series = = = 16.3 cm
x parallel + x series = 224.5 mm