Terminated Lossless

Transmission Line
 Terminated Transmission Line
Terminating impedance (load)
V  z   V0 e  z  V0 e  z

Ampl. of voltage wave

propagating in positive z
direction at z = 0.
Ampl. of voltage wave
propagating in negative z
direction at z = 0.

Where do we assign z = 0?

The usual choice is at the load.

Note: The length l measures distance from the load:   z

2
 Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
Terminating impedance (load)
V  z  V e
0
  z   z
V e
0

What if we know

Can we use z = - l as
a reference plane?

Hence

V  z   V    e  V    e
   z     z  
 Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
Terminating impedance (load)

Compare:

V  z   V   0  e  z  V   0  e   z

V  z   V    e  V    e
   z  (  )    z  (  ) 

Note: This is simply a change of reference plane, from z = 0 to z = -l.

 Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)

V  z   V0 e  z  V0 e   z Terminating impedance (load)

What is V(-l )?

propagating propagating
forwards backwards

The current at z = - l is then

 Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
I(-l )

+
Z0 ,  V(-l ) ZL
-
l
Total volt. at distance l
from the load

Ampl. of volt. wave prop.

towards load, at the load Ampl. of volt. wave Load reflection coefficient
position (z = 0). prop. away from load, at
the load position (z = 0).

Similarly,
V0  
I    e  1   L e 2  
Z0
Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
I(-l )

+
Z0 ,  V(-l ) ZL
-
Z  
l

Input impedance seen “looking” towards

load at z = -l .
Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
At the load (l = 0):

Z L  Z0
 L 
Z L  Z0

Recall

Thus,   Z L  Z 0  2  
 1  e 
  Z L  Z0  
Z    Z 0
  Z  Z  2  
 1   L 0
 e 
  Z L  Z0  
 Terminated Transmission Line (cont.)
Simplifying, we have
  Z L  Z 0  2  
 1  e 
Z    Z 0   Z L  Z 0   
 Z 0 
 Z L  Z 0    Z L  Z 0  e 2  

2  
  Z  Z  2  
  Z  Z    Z  Z  e 
 1   L
L 0 L 0
 e 
0

  Z L  Z0  
  Z L  Z 0  e      Z L  Z 0  e   
 Z 0    

  Z L  Z 0  e  
  Z L  Z 0  e 
 Z L cosh     Z 0 sinh    
 Z 0  
Z
 0 cosh   L  
   Z sinh  
Hence, we have

 Z L  Z 0 tanh    
Z    Z 0  
 Z 0  Z L tanh    
Terminated Lossless Transmission Line
    j  j

V    V0 e j    1   L e 2 j   

Impedance is periodic
V j 
I    0
e  1   L e 2 j    with period λg/2
Z0
tan repeats when
 1   L e 2 j   
Z    Z 0  2 j   
 1   L e 
 
2
 
 Z L  jZ 0 tan     g
Z    Z 0  
 Z 0  jZ L tan        g / 2
Note: tanh     tanh  j    j tan   
 Terminated Lossless Transmission Line
we will assume that the transmission line is lossless.
I(-l )

+
Z0 ,  V(-l ) ZL
-
Z  
l

Z L  Z0
L 
Z L  Z0
2
g 


vp 

 Matched Load
I(-l )

+
Z0 ,  V(-l ) ZL
-
l
Z  

A Matched load: (ZL=Z0)

No reflection from the load

For any l 12
 Short-Circuit Load
B Short circuit load: (ZL = 0)

Z0 , 


Note:    2
g Always imaginary!