Timing Accuracy

and its
Impact to Blasting Result

Rikynta – CB 1084 KZR

DRILLING, BLASTING
AND DIGGING
 “Long Term” Blast Design/Methode

- Legal Regulati on

- Digger and/or Hauler Capacity

- Blasti ng Result

- Drill Blast Geometr y

Mining Cycle
BLAST DESIGN
VARIABLES
Blast Design Variables
Blast Design Variables

What EXPLOSIVES is chosen to be used

- Density
- VOD
- Energy
- Water Resistance
- Form  Package or Bulk
Blast Design Variables

How the explosive energy is CONFINED so that it can

work properly

- Amount of material surrounding the explosive in the

drill holes
- Distance of the drill hole from an open face
- Distance of the drill hole to another drill holes
- Type and amount of stemming
Blast Design Variables

How the explosive energy is DISTRIBUTED

throughout the rock mass – vertically and horizontally

- Diameter of the drill holes and diameter of

explosives
- Depth of drill holes and amount loaded
- Spacing of the dill holes
Blast Design Variables

GEOLOGY – uncontrollable variable

Properties of blasted rock mass can change between

pits; within a pit; between bench levels; even within a
bench
Optimizing Explosive Performance

• Optimum Explosive type

• Optimize the distribution of the explosive energy
• Optimize confinement of the explosive energy

???
DRILLING & BLASTING
PATTERN
Drill Design
Drill Design

- Ideal Drill pattern..

- Consist of B & S  Optimal Energy distribution
- If this pattern produce bad blasting result fragmentation, then we
can assume it was failed due to explosive matter or inappropriate
drill geometry (geology)
Rule of Thumbs
Blast Timing

Why do we need timing?

- Movement

- Vibration

- Fragmentation

- Energy Distribution
Blast Timing

Delay Blasts  provide consistent BURDEN

• Control of the energy released in the blast

- Create free faces to promote tensile failure
- Vibration and air blast control

• Control confinement of the energy

- Provide space for the blasted rock to account for the swell
- Provide relief to reduce blast damage

• Achieve the desired blast results

- blasting must create adequate breakage (fragmentation) and movement of
that broken rock as per the requirement of downstream operations
Blast Interaction Between Holes
Single Hole
Firing

- No interaction between holes

Blast Interaction Between Holes
Single Row Fire
Simultaneously

- Fragmentation ???
- More over break
- More throw (flying rock)
- Higher vibrations
Blast Interaction Between Holes
Single Row Fire
With Delay

- Fragmentation ???
- Less over break than Simultaneously
- Movement?? More directed to free face
- Lower vibrations than Simultaneously
- Positive interaction between holes
Detonator Accuracy

- Each of pyrotechnic detonator – nonel is

inaccurate  Scatter

- What is the effect of this scatter to blasting

result???  consider of consist burden (for
free face) for best blasting result
 Detonator Accuracy (No scatter)

Nominal Delay
Product
(ms)
Inhole Delay 500
Surface Delay 17
Should Be

500 + 17 = 500 + 17 + 17 =
500 ms 517 ms 534 ms
Detonator Accuracy (Max Scatter)

Nominal Delay Max Scatter "Slow" Delay "Fast" Delay

Product
(ms) (ms) (ms) (ms)
Inhole Delay 500 50 550 450
Surface Delay 17 1 18 16
Possible

450 + 18 = 500 + 17 + 17 =
550 ms 468 ms 534 ms
Drill & Blast Improvement Concept

- Proactive
- Do it right – today
- Do it better – tomorrow
- Whatever you do, track metric and pay attention to
detail
Salam RIMBA!!..