Cefdinir

Pregnancy category B
 ACTION
• 3rd-generation cephalosporin that inhibits cell
wall synthesis, promoting osmotic instability;
usually bactericidal. Some microorganisms
resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin are
susceptible to cefdinir. Active against a broad
range of gram positive and gram negative aerobic
microorganism.
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to

penicillin or cephalosporin.
• Prolonged drug treatment may result emergence and
overgrowth of resistant organism. Monitor patient for signs
and symptoms of superinfections.
• Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with cefdinir
and should be considered in patients with diarrhea after
antibiotic therapy and in those with history of colitis.
Cefditoren
Pregnancy risk category B
 ACTION
• Adheres to bacterial penicillin-
binding proteins, inhibiting cell-wall
synthesis. Active against many gram
positive and gram negative.
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or

cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first
dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Give drug with a fatty meal to increase its bioavailability.
• If patients develops diarrhea after receiving cefditoren, keep in mind
that this drug may cause pseudomembranous colitis.
• Don’t use his drug if patient needs prolonged treatment.
• Monitor patient for overgrowth of resistant of microorganism.
Cefoperazone sodium
cefobid
Pregnancy risk category B
 ACTION
• 3rd generation cephalosporin that
inhibit cell wall synthesis, promoting
osmotic instability; usually bactericidal.
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or

cephalosporin.
• Periodically monitor liver and renal function and compare to
baseline.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving
first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Give doses 4 g/day cautiously o patients with hepatic disease or
biliary obstruction. Higher dosages require monitoring of drug
level.
Cefotaxime
Pregnancy risk category B
 ACTION
• 3rd generation cephalosporin that
inhibit cell wall synthesis, promoting
osmotic instability; usually
bactericidal.
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to

penicillin or cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before
giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• For IM administration, inject deep into a large muscle, such
as gluteus maximus or the lateral aspect of the thigh.
• If large doses are given, therapy is prolonged or patient is at
high risk, monior patient with superinfection.
Cefodoxime proxetil
Pregnancy risk category B
 ACTION
 

• 3rd generation cephalosporin hat inhibit

cell wall synthesis, promoting osmotic
instability; usually bactericidal.
Cefixime
Pregnancy risk category B
 ACTION

• 3rd generation cephalosporin, binds

to the bacterial cell wall membrane,
causing cell death.
 NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin or

cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before giving first
dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results.
• Observe patients for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash,
pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Discontinue the drug and
notify the physician.
FOURTH GENERATION
 cefepime
• Binds to the bacterial cell wall
membrane, causing cell death.
 ACTION

fourth generation cephalosporin, binds to

the bacterial cell wall membrane, causing
cell death.
 INDICATION

• Uncomplicated skin and skins structure

infections, Bone and joint infections,
Uncomplicated and complicated urinary tract
infections, respiratory tract infections,
Complicated intra abdominal infections.
 CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins;
serious hypersensitivity to
penicillins.
 NURSING CONSIDERATION

• Before administration ask the patient if allergic to penicillin

or cephalosporin.
• Obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity tests before
giving first dose. Therapy may begin while awaiting results
• Drug may reduce PT activity. Patients at risk include those
with renal or hepatic impairment or poor nutrition and those
receiving prolonged cefipime therapy.
Thank you!!!