INDUSTRIAL AND

ORGANIZATIONAL
PSYCHOLOGY
 WHAT IS IO
PSYCHOLOGY?
A branch of psychology that applies
the principles of psychology to the
workplace (Aamodt, 2016).

The specialty area within the broad

field of psychology that studies
human behavior in work settings
(Riggio, 2000)
 The purpose of I/O psychology
is “to enhance the dignity and
PURPOSE performance of human beings,
OF IO and the organizations they work
PSYCHOL in, by advancing the science and
OGY knowledge of human behavior”
(Rucci, 2008; Aamodt, 2016).
 Typical I/O Courses Typical MBA Courses

Statistics Statistics
Difference Experimental methodology Business research

Between I/O Psychometric theory Organizational behavior

and MBA Employee selection and

placement
Administrative policy

Programs Organizational psychology Managerial economics

Employee training and Financial management

development

Performance appraisal Marketing management

Job analysis Managerial accounting
 Year Event
1903 Water Dill Scott publishes The Theory of Advertising
1911 Water Dill Scott publishes Increasing Human Efficiency in Business

1913 Hugo Münsterberg publishes Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (German version
published in 1910)

BRIEF HISTORY 1917 Journal of Applied Psychology first published

OF 1918 World War I provides I/O psychologists with first opportunity for large-scale employee
testing and selection

INDUSTRIAL/ 1921 First Ph.D. in I/O psychology awarded to Bruce Moore and Merrill Ream at Carnegie

ORGANIZATION Tech

AL
1932 First I/O text written by Morris Viteles
1933 Hawthorn studies published

PSYCHOLOGY 1937 American Association for Applied Psychology established

1945 Society for Industrial and Business Psychology established as Division 14 of the
American Psychological Association (APA) with 130 members

1951 Marion Bills elected as the first woman president of Division 14

1960 Division 14 renamed as Society for Industrial Psychology, membership exceeds 700
1963 Equal Pay Act passed
1964 Civil rights Act passed
First issue of The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist (TIP) published

1970 Division 14 membership exceeds 1,800

1971 B.F. Skinner publishes Beyond Freedom and Dignity
1980 Division 14 membership exceeds 1,800
1982 Division 14 renamed Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)

1986 Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) holds first annual national
conference separate from APA meeting

1989 Supreme Court sets conservative trend and becomes more “employer friendly”

1990 Americans with Disabilities Act passed

SIOP membership exceeds 2,832
1991 Civil Rights Act in 1991 passed to overcome 1989 conservative Supreme Court decisions

1995 SIOP members exceeds 4,500

1997 SIOP celebrates golden anniversary at its annual conference at St. Louis

2000 SIOP members exceeds 5,700

2005 Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) and Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission (EEOC) become more aggressive in fighting systematic
discrimination
SIOP members exceeds 5,900
2008 The journal Industrial and Organizational Psychology:
Perspectives on Science and Practice begins publication as an
official journal of SIOP

2009 Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act and Americans with Disabilities Act
Amendment At (ADAAA) passed

2010 SIOP membership exceeds 8,000; SIOP members narrowly vote to

keep the name Society for Industrial Organizational Psychology rather
than change the name to the Society for Organizational Psychology

2013 OFCCP issues new regulations affecting the hiring of military veterans
and individuals with dyabilities

2014 SIOP membership exceeds 8,300

+Answering questions and making
decisions
+We encounter research every day
+Common sense is often wrong
 Does all this High levels Noise causes a
noise affect of noise will distraction,
my increase the making it
+ Ideas employees’ number of difficult to
performance? errors made concentrate.
+ Hypotheses - well thought-out in
suggestions or ideas assembling
electronic
+ Theories - systematic sets of components.

assumptions regarding the Idea or Hypothesis Theory or

nature and cause of particular question or prediction explanation
What will Why it will
events happen happen

Example (Aamodt, 2016):

• Written sources
– Journals
– Trade Magazines
– Bridge publications
– Magazines
– Books
• Electronic Resources
– First Search
– Psych Info
– Info Trac
• The Web
Where Will I Conduct Research?
Locations

• Laboratory
• Field
• Office

Issues

• Informed Consent
 Meta-Analysis Meta-Analysis Steps
A statistical method Obtain Obtain relevant studies

for cumulating
studies Convert Convert test statistics into effect sizes

Effect size – used in meta-

analysis, a statistic that Compute Compute mean effect size
indicates the amount of change
cause by an experimental
manipulation (Aamodt, 2016).
Mean effect size – used in Correct Correct effect sizes for sources of error

meta-analysis, a statistic that is

average of the effect sizes for
all studies included in the Determine Determine if effect size is significant

analysis

Determine Determine if effect can be generalized or if there are moderators

WHERE DO I GET MY SUBJECTS?
SAMPLING

Sampling Methods
 Random selection
 Convenience
 Random assignment
RUNNING
o Statistical
THE STUDY Analysis helps
researchers determine how confident
the

they are that the results are real and did

+Informed consent not occur by chance alone.
1.Correlation – A statistical
+Instructions procedure used to measure the
+Task completion relationship between two variables
(Aamodt, 2016). Take note that
+Deception? correlational analysis does not
+Debriefing necessarily say anything about
causality, it does not imply cause-
and-effect relationship.
THANK YOU